Confidence & Communication

Question 1

Confidence

Answer 1

A feeling of certainty

Can apply to beliefs, attitudes and knowledge

Question 2

Communication

Answer 2

—Transfer of meaningful info- one to other
—verbal and nonverbal
—can influence decision making

Question 3

Information exchange

Answer 3

-2 people in a communication exchange
—encoder: sends
—decoder: recieves

Information is exchanged - info given from one can persuade another to change attitudes

Question 4

Applications

Answer 4

Confidence conveyed in social settings

In courtroom, police and jurors— make judgements on people based on confidence- more likely to believe a confident eye witness over non

—using their confidence as a proxy for knowledge- bc more knowledge a person has— easier to portray confidence

Question 5

Eyewitness confidence

Answer 5

Confidence does not always correlate highly with accuracy- Bothwell

—can have confident person not very accurate vice versa

-have situations of overconfidence where confidence overshoots accuracy

—same for underconfidence

—Well calibrated people— as confident as they are accurate

—confidence and accuracy not always entangled with the same things

—can be influenced if another eyewitness has agreed

—Loftus cant always trust our memory— not always accurate

Question 6

Persuasion studies in simulated two person juries

London et al.

Answer 6

Single behavioural difference between persuaders and persuadee is their expression of confidence

—plays huge role in persuasion
—persuasion doesnt depend on intelligence/ ability— but expression of confidence
—more confidence— more persuasion

Question 7

How do we communicate confidence?

Answer 7

Confidence cue= “I am absolutely sure”— asserting degree of confidence

Verbal/numerical expressions= “99% sure”

Taxonomy of confidence cues— Wesson 2009

—expressions from top to bottom
— continuum different degrees of confidence

Question 8

Impact of Confidence

Answer 8

—important because its a cue used to infer things about speakers credability and likeability

—makes an impression on people— what they think about your intelligence and skills

—the way you talk about your skills — plays a significant role— sometimes more than your actual skills

Question 9

Paralinguistic Vocal Cues

Answer 9

Loud and fast speakers— ppl percieved as more confident- 30 yr old paper

—also more intelligent, trustworthy and credible
—hesitations on speech— make less persuasive than if confident

—paraverbal cues give decoder (reciever) how confident sender is in their answer

Question 10

Why is confidence important?

Answer 10

—if we dont have info to use to make decision/judgement ab someone— turn to others/ prefer to — experts— more knowledge— seek advice on harder situation— people we deem more knowledgeable

—out judgement on correctness of answer- use verbal/non paralinguistic/verbal cues to determine how confident they are—when uncertain-tuen to other- their confidence affects urs

Question 11

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