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SP: Cardiology Pearls (16%) > Conduction Disorders > Flashcards

Conduction Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Sinus tachycardia is a normal sinus rhythm but with a heart rate over ________ bpm

A

100 bpm

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2
Q

Sinus bradycardia is a normal sinus rhythm with a rate of _________ bpm

A

< 60 bpm

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3
Q

EKG: no discrete P waves and an irregularly irregular pattern of QRS complexes

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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4
Q

EKG: Regular, sawtooth pattern (F-waves), narrow QRS complex

A

Atrial Flutter

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5
Q

EKG: PR interval > .2 seconds

A

First degree AV block

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6
Q

EKG: Progressive prolongation of the PR interval culminating in a non-conducted P wave

A

Mobitz I Wenckebach block (longer, longer, drop now you’ve got a Wenckebach)

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7
Q

EKG: Intermittent non-conducted P waves without progressive prolongation of the PR interval

A

Type II Mobitz block (some get dropped some get through now you’ve got Mobitz 2)

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8
Q

EKG: there is complete absence of AV conduction - none of the supraventricular impulses are conducted to the ventricles

A

Third degree AV block (P’s and Q’s don’t agree now you’ve got 3rd degree)

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9
Q

EKG: R and R’ (upward bunny ears) in V4-V6

A

Left bundle branch block

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10
Q

EKG: R and R’ (upward bunny ears) in V1-V3

A

Right bundle branch block

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11
Q

A faster than normal heart rate beginning above the heart’s two lower chambers in the atria, AV junction or SA node

A

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

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12
Q

EKG: Shorter PR Interval, longer QRS complex and a delta wave - slurring slow rise of initial portion of the QRS

A

Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome

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13
Q

EKG: Rapid irregular rhythm > 100 bpm. At least 3 distinct P-wave morphologies

A

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)

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14
Q

EKG: An abnormal (non-sinus) P wave is followed by a QRS complex

A

Premature Atrial Complex (PAC)

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15
Q

EKG: Narrow QRS complex, either (1) without a preceding P wave or (2) preceded by an abnormal P wave with a PR interval of < 120 ms

A

Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)

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16
Q

Broad QRS complex (≥ 120 ms) with abnormal morphology

A

Premature ventricular contractions (PVC)

17
Q

Every 3rd beat

A

trigeminy

18
Q

Every other beat

A

bigeminy

19
Q

EKG: Alternating bradycardia with paroxysmal tachycardia, often supraventricular in origin

A

Sinus Node Dysfunction (Sick Sinus Syndrome)

Bradycardia - tachycardia syndrome

20
Q

EKG: Broad complex tachycardia originating in the ventricles

A

Ventricular Tachycardia (VT)

21
Q

EKG: Chaotic irregular deflections of varying amplitude

No identifiable P waves, QRS complexes, or T waves

A

Ventricular Fibrillation

22
Q

EKG: Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that appears to be twisting around a baseline

A

Torsades de Pointes (TdP)

23
Q

Treatment of Torsades de Pointes (TdP)

A

IV Magnesium sulfate

24
Q

EKG: Vertical spikes of short duration, usually 2 ms.

May be difficult to see in all leads

A

Pacemaker Rhythm with *pacing spikes”

25
Q

Which antihypertensive medications can cause bradycardia?

A

Beta blockers
Non-dihydropyridine CCB
Central agents (clonidine)

26
Q

Which antihypertensive medications can cause AV block?

A 
Non-dihydropyridine CCB
Central agents (clonidine)
27
Q

What is the most likely cause of syncope which occurs in a child during an argument?

A

Long QT syndrome

28
Q

Non-cardiac hypoxia (e.g. pneumonia, COPD) commonly causes what arrhythmia?

A

Atrial fibrillation

29
Q

What arrhythmia can occur with structural changes such as hypertrophy or dilatation of the ventricle?

A

Ventricular tachycardia

30
Q

What two murmurs are most associated with atrial fibrillation?

A

Mitral stenosis

Mitral regurgitation

31
Q

What HTN med classes can cause bradycardia?

A

Beta Blockers
Central agents (clonidine)
Verapamil and Cardizem

32
Q

What arrhythmia is associated with arterial embolism?

A

Atrial fibrillation

33
Q

A 24 year old has a syncopal event. EKG demonstrates a short PR interval with an upswept initial QRS. What underlying condition caused the syncope?

A

Wolf Parkinson White

34
Q

A 30 year old male has a syncopal event three days after taking an antibiotic. EKG at the scene reveals ventricular tachycardia. What disease condition do you suspect?

A

Acquired long QT syndrome due to the antibiotic or medications

35
Q

Upon auscultation of a patient’s carotid artery they become bradycardic with a three second pause. What is the suspected underlying condition?

A

Carotid sinus hypersensitivity

36
Q

A 13 year old boy passes out while having an argument with his principal. His examination findings are normal. What heart conduction condition do you suspect?

A

Long QT syndrome

37
Q

Prolonged absence of sinus node activity (absent P waves) > 3 seconds

A

Sinus arrest

38
Q

Prolonged absence of sinus node activity (absent P waves) < 3 seconds

A

Sinus pause

SP: Cardiology Pearls (16%) (12 decks)

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