Conduction Flashcards

1
Q

In steady conduction for a material whose thermal conductivity decreases with increase in temperature, the temperature gradient at the low temperature side will be _____.

A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

A thick concrete slab exposed to flames on one side can be analysed using _____ model.

A

semi-infinite solid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

. For given fin volume as the length of the fin is decreased the heat flow will _____ and then _________.

A

increase and then decrease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Heat conduction in insulators is mainly by _____.

A

lattice vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

For a given amount of heat conducted, higher the value of thermal conductivity _____ will be the temperature difference.

A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When explicit numerical method is used for 2D temperature calculations in transient conduction the choice of nodal thickness Δx and time interval Δτ should satisfy the condition αΔτ/Δx2 < _____.

A

¼

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

If heat flow across a plane in a given slab should increase the temperature gradient at the plane should _____.

A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  1. To reduce error in temperature measurement of flowing fluids, the thermometer well length should be _____.
A

Longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  1. Thermal conductivity of materials (k) generally varies with _____.
A

Temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  1. The ratio of heat flow by fin to the heat flow on the bare base areas is called _____ of the fin.
A

Effectiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q
  1. For the same characteristic dimension, the shape of the object for shorter heating time is _____.
A

Sphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  1. The unit for thermal resistance in the SI system is _____.
A

K/W

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. The unit for convective heat transfer coefficient in the SI system is _____.
A

W/m^2K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  1. In the SI system, the unit for thermal conductivity is _____.
A

W/mK

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  1. In a heat conducting slab of given material, with uniform heat generation the difference in temperature between the center plane and the surface is directly proportional to _____.
A

Square of thickness, heat generation rate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q
  1. For lumped parameter model heat capacity of the piece should be _____.
A

Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q
  1. In radial heat conduction in a hollow sphere/cylinder, the temperature gradient at the outer surface will be _____ compared to the gradient at the inner surface.
A

Lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q
  1. For lumped parameter model volume/Area ratio should be _____.
A

Small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
  1. For lumped parameter model to be used the temperature gradient within the body should be _____.
A

Very Small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q
  1. In transient conduction lumped capacity model can be used if _____.
A

Bi<0.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

In the case of a hollow sphere, the temperature profile along the radius will be a _____.

A

Hyperbolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  1. Fin effectiveness is generally _____ than one.
A

Greater

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q
  1. For lumped parameter model the surface resistance should be _____ compared to the internal resistance.
A

Higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q
  1. Heat conduction in good conductors is largely by _____.
A

Free electron flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q
  1. With the same cross section two fins each of length L will dissipate _____ compared to a single fin of length 2L.
A

More heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q
  1. In the case of a hollow cylinder, the temperature profile along the radius will be _____.
A

logarithmic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q
  1. In a heat conducting slab of given thickness, with uniform heat generation the difference in temperature between the center plane and surface is _____ proportional to the thermal conductivity of the material.
A

Inversely

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q
  1. In a conducting slab with uniform heat generation the temperature variation along the thickness is _____.
A

Parabolic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q
  1. In fins the temperature gradient is highest at the _____.
A

Base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q
  1. Thermal diffusivity of a material is indicative of _____ under transient conditions.
A

heat penetration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q
  1. The pure metal whose thermal conductivity is highest at atmospheric temperatures is _____.
A

Silver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q
  1. When conductivity varies linearly with temperature the conductivity at the _____ can be used in the calculation of heat flow using the general equations.
A

mean temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q
  1. Convection resistance over a given surface area A is _____.
A

1/hA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q
  1. With increase in temperature thermal conductivity of many liquids will _____.
A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q
  1. With increase in temperature thermal conductivity of good conductors will _____.
A

Decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q
  1. With increase in temperature thermal conductivity of insulators will _____.
A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q
  1. With increase in temperature thermal conductivity of gases in general will _____.
A

Increase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q
  1. With increase in temperature thermal conductivity of water and glycerin will _____.
A

remain constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q
  1. With increase in temperature thermal conductivity of water and glycerin will _____.
A

remain constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q
  1. For a given material and temperature drop, if heat conducted is to be reduced the thickness should be _____.
A

Increased

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q
  1. In steady conduction for a material whose thermal conductivity increases with increase in temperature, the temperature gradient at the high temperature side will be _____.
A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q
  1. For a given thermocouple if the response time should be shortened then _____ should be increased.
A

convection coefficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q
  1. For a given fin configuration the heat flow is proportional to _____ power of h and k.
A

0.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q
  1. Conduction resistance due to a plane wall of thickness L of material with thermal conductivity k and area A is _____.
A

L/kA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q
  1. The temperature profile in a plane wall under steady conduction will be a straight line if thermal conductivity _____.
A

Is constant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q
  1. Along the length of a constant area fin the temperature gradient _____.
A

decreases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q
  1. The amount of heat flow through a body by conduction is
A

All of the other answers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q
  1. When heat is transferred from one particle of hot body to another by actual motion of the heated particles, it is referred to as heat transfer by
A

Conduction and Convection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q
  1. What is kinematics viscosity of a fluid?
A

dynamic viscosity per unit density of the fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q
  1. Thermal diffusivity is a
A

Physical property of a substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q
  1. The Sherwood number is a convenient measure of
A

convective mass transfer coefficient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q
  1. The Peclet number in forced convection plays same role as
A

Rayleigh number (Ra) in natural convection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q
  1. Calculate the rate of heat flow through a composite wall of having three layers. The thicknesses of three layers are 0.5 m, 1 m and 0.2 m respectively. Thermal conductivity of these layers are 2.5 W/mK, 2 W/mK and 2.2 W/mK respectively. The temperature T1 and T4 are maintained at 1000 K and 200 K respectively. Take surface area of heat transfer 1 m2.
A

1011.4 W/m2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q
  1. Suppose that a hot metal ball is immersed in cold water, then temperature distribution in the body depends upon
A

both thermal conductivity and convective heat transfer

both A and B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q
  1. What is the correct formula for the rate of heat transfer (q) through a plane wall of thickness s and surface are A, when temperature difference between two surfaces is ΔT ? The thermal conductivity is k.
A

q = (k A ΔT) / s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q
  1. A composite wall of a furnace has 3 layers of equal thickness having thermal conductivities in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 4. What will be the temperature drop ratio across the three respective layers?
A

4: 2 : 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q
  1. What is the effect of convective heat transfer coefficient h on fin effectiveness?
A

fin is effective if the value of convective heat transfer coefficient h is small

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q
  1. What is the SI unit for absolute or dynamic viscosity (μ)?
A

Ns/m²

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q
  1. The mechanical equivalent of heat is
A

1 cal = 4.186 J

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q
  1. A cube at high temperature is immersed in a constant temperature bath. It loses heat from its top, bottom and side surfaces with heat transfer coefficients of h₁, h₂ and h₃ respectively. The average heat transfer coefficient for the cube is
A

None of the answers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q
  1. Which of the following property of air does not increase with rise in temperature?
A

Density

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q
  1. Thermal diffusivity of a substance is given by (where α = Thermal diffusivity, ρ = Density of substance, c = Specific heat, and k = Thermal conductivity)
A

α = k/ρc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q
  1. In natural convection heat transfer, Nusselt number is function of
A

Grashof number and Prandtl number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q
  1. What should be the Biot number to assume the body at uniform temperature?
A

the Biot number should be less than 0.1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q
  1. Choose the correct statement or statements
A

the thermal conductivity of insulating solids increases with temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q
  1. Lumped parameter model can be used when
A

when all conditions are true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q
  1. What is the reason behind the fact that the thermal resistance of hollow cylinder for convection decreases with increase in the thickness of the insulation?
A

increase in surface area of the cylinder leads to more convective heat transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q
  1. Which of the following statement is wrong?
A

The thermal conductivity of solid metals increases with rise in temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q
  1. Boiling and condensation are:
A

A special case of the convection mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q
  1. Unit of thermal conductivity in S.I. unit is:
A

W/mk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q
  1. What is the correct formula for the rate of heat transfer (q) from a surface of body of the area A to the surrounding fluid, when surface of the body is at temperature Ts and the surrounding fluid is at temperature T∞? Where, k = conductivity of the body and h = coefficient of convection
A

q = h A (Ts – T∞)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q
  1. Thermal diffusivity of a substance is
A

All of the answers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q
  1. What is the correct formula for the Nusselt number (Nu)?
A

Nu = (h L)/k

74
Q
  1. The Fourier number can be considered as
A

The dimensionless time in a conduction problem

75
Q
  1. For the composite cylinder as shown in figure, the thermal resistances of every layer from inside to outside of the cylinder are given as follows, R1 = ln (r1 / ri) / 2π(k1)L and R1 = ln (ro / r1) / 2π(k2)L. What will be the total thermal resistance of the composite cylinder?
A

R = R1 + R2

76
Q
  1. Consider a composite wall of three layers in series having thermal resistances R1, R2 and R3 respectively. The heat transfer takes place normal to the surface of the layers. How is the total thermal resistance of the composite system calculated?
A

(R1 + R2 + R3)

77
Q
  1. In steady state conduction with variable thermal conductivity if the conductivity decreases along the flow direction, then the temperature gradient along the flow direction will become
A

steeper

78
Q
  1. The thermal diffusivities for solids are generally
A

More than those for liquids and gases

79
Q
  1. The unit of Stefan-Boltzmann constant is
A

W/(m² K4)

80
Q
  1. The Nusselt number is a convenient measure of
A

convective heat transfer coefficient

81
Q
  1. The Biot number is given by
A

the ratio of internal conduction resistance to the external convection resistance

82
Q
  1. The thermal gradient in a heat generating cylinder under steady conduction, at half the radius location will be
A

One half of that at surface

83
Q
  1. The current in the electrical system is analogous to
A

the heat flow in the heat transfer system

84
Q
  1. Heat transfer deals with the rate of
A

energy transfer

85
Q
  1. The materials which have low thermal conductivity are called as
A

thermal insulators

86
Q
  1. Consider a fluid of height H, flowing on a stationary plate as shown in figure. The top most layer of the fluid is moving with velocity U0. Which of the following condition is correct for the given condition?
A

The shear stress (τ) is directly proportional to (U0 / H)

87
Q
  1. In free convection heat transfer, transition from laminar to turbulent flow is governed by the critical value of the
A

Prandtl number, Grashof number

88
Q
  1. The Sherwood number is
A

Mass diffusivity to molecular diffusivity

89
Q
  1. What is lumped heat capacity analysis?
    the analysis of a system in which it is assumed to be at

48.The molecular diffusivity D
Increases as the temperature increases
49. Which of the following fluid can be considered as an ideal fluid?
non-viscous fluid
50. What does the Nusselt modulus or Nusselt number physically mean?
the ratio of the temperature gradient at the surface [(∂T/∂y)y=0] to the reference temperature gradient [(Tw – T∞)/L]
51. When the layers of a composite wall are in series and the thermal resistance of every individual layer is given then the total thermal resistance of the composite wall is given by:
adding both the thermal resistances
52. For effective working of fins, the thickness of the fins should be
small
53. The heat transfer process between body and its ambient is governed by an Internal Conductive Resistance (ICR) and an External Convective Resistance (ECR). The body can be considered to be a lumped heat capacity system is
ICR is negligible
54. Heat conducted through per unit area and unit thick face per unit time when temperature difference between opposite faces is unity, is called
thermal conductivity
55. The value of Prandtl number for air is about
0.7

A

uniform temperature

90
Q
  1. How is the rate of heat transfer from an infinite fin given? where h = convective heat transfer coefficient, P = perimeter of the fin, k = thermal conductivity of fin , A = cross-sectional area of the fin. Ts= Base temperature of the fin, T∞ = Temperature of surrounding fluid.
A

q = √(hPkA) (Ts – T,)

91
Q

The heat transfer is largely governed by conduction from the surface of the fluid, when:

A

the velocity of the fluid is small

92
Q
  1. Sensible heat is the heat required to
A

Increase the temperature of a liquid of vapour

93
Q
  1. What is the relation between the absolute viscosities of liquid and gas?
A

μ(liquid)&raquo_space; μ(gas)

94
Q
  1. What is the ratio of the buoyancy forces to the viscous forces acting on a fluid called?
A

Grashof number (Gr)

95
Q
  1. Consider that heat transfer is taking place through a fin having circular cross-sectional area, one dimensionally as shown in figure.
A

sum of rate of heat transfer by conduction out of the element (x+dx) and heat transfer by convection from the surface between x to (x+dx)

96
Q
  1. In the lumped parameter model, the temperature variation is
A

exponential with time

97
Q
  1. What does a composite wall mean?
A

all of the answers

98
Q
  1. Unit of thermal diffusivity is
A

m²/s

99
Q
  1. What is the correct formula for the Biot number?
A

hL/k

100
Q
  1. In a long fin if the convection coefficient is increased with other parameters maintained constant
A

The temperature drop will be faster along the length

101
Q
  1. What is the formula for the thermal resistance for convection at the outer surface of hollow cylinder? Where, h = convection heat transfer coefficient, L = length of hollow cylinder, r = outer radius of the cylinder
A

R = 1 / (2 π h r L)

102
Q
  1. Stefan Boltzmann law is applicable for heat transfer by
A

Radiation

103
Q
  1. The concept of overall coefficient of heat transfer is used in heat transfer problems of
A

Conduction and convection

104
Q
  1. Thermal conductivity of liquids with rise in temperature normally
A

Decreases

105
Q
  1. Viscosity of a fluid can be defined as
A

flow resistance offered by the fluid

106
Q
  1. The ratio of internal conduction resistance to the surface convection resistance is known as:
A

Biot number

107
Q
  1. Which of the following arrangements of fins is more effective for the same base area? 1. Large number of closely spaced fins; 2. Small number of thick fins
A

Arrangement 1

108
Q
  1. In the process of heat transfer through extended surfaces or fins, the entire surface area is at
A

different temperatures

109
Q
  1. When heat is transferred from hot body to cold body, in a straight line, without affecting the intervening medium, it is referred as heat transfer by
A

Radiation

110
Q
  1. Heat transfer in liquid and gases takes place by
A

Convection

111
Q
  1. In a given fin configuration, the increase in conductivity will
A

Increase the total heat flow

112
Q
  1. Which among the following has lowest thermal conductivity among the others?
A

Water

113
Q
  1. Thermal conductivity of solid metals with rise in temperature normally
A

Decreases

114
Q
  1. The rate of energy transferred by convection to that by conduction is called
A

Nusselt number

115
Q
  1. Prandtl number is the ratio of
A

kinematic viscosity (ν) to thermal diffusivity

116
Q
  1. Conduction is a process of heat transfer
A

From one particle of the body to another without the actual motion of the particles

117
Q
  1. What is the temperature gradient in the conduction heat transfer?
A

change in temperature per unit change in distance in the direction of heat flow

118
Q
  1. The Lewis number is
A

Thermal diffusivity to molecular diffusivity

119
Q
  1. For conduction through a spherical wall with constant thermal conductivity and with inner side temperature greater than outer wall temperature, (one dimensional heat transfer), what is the type of temperature distribution?
A

Hyperbolic

120
Q
  1. Heat transfer takes place as per
A

Second law of the thermodynamics

121
Q
  1. A fin of uniform cross-section A and perimeter P has a base temperature Ts and it is exposed to fluid having temperature T∞. How is the temperature distribution in the fin given? Where, m = √(hP/kA), h = convective heat transfer coefficient, k = thermal conductivity of fin , T = Temperature of the fin at the distance x from the base of fine, and the constants C1 and C2 depend on the boundary conditions
A

(T – T∞)/(Ts – T∞) = C1emx + C2e– mx

122
Q
  1. The ratio of Nusselt number and the product of Reynolds number and Prandtl number is equal to
A

Stanton number

123
Q

Two plates spaced 150 mm apart are maintained at 1000°C and 70°C. The heat transfer will take place mainly by

A

Radiation

124
Q
  1. Pick up the wrong case. Heat flowing from one side to other depends directly on
A

Thickness

125
Q
  1. The Grashof number is
A

Buoyancy forces to viscous forces

126
Q
  1. What is the general heat conduction equation which gives the temperature distribution and conduction heat flow in an isotropic solid? Where, q̇ = rate of heat generation , k = thermal conductivity, α = (k/ρc) thermal diffusivity, ρ = density of the element, c = specific heat of the element
A

(∂2T/∂x2) + (∂2T/∂y2) + (∂2T/∂z2) + (q̇/k) = (1/α)(∂T/∂t)

127
Q
  1. Temperature at the end tip of the fin having uniform cross-sectional area is
A

Minimum

128
Q
  1. What is the formula for the thermal resistance (R) of a hollow cylinder of internal radius Ri, outer radius Ro and the length L? Thermal conductivity of the cylinder material is k. The heat flows from inner side to outer side.
A

R = ln (Ro / Ri) / (2πkL)

129
Q
  1. The Schmidt number in mass transfer plays the same role as
A

Prandtl number (Pr) in convection heat transfer

130
Q
  1. Consider a composite wall with two layers combined in parallel and heat is transferred through wall as shown in figure. The thermal resistances of two layers are R1 and R2 respectively. How is the total thermal resistance (R) of the wall calculated?
A

R = R1R2 / (R1 + R2)

131
Q

103.What is the correct formula for the shear stress (τ) in a flowing fluid according to the Newton’s law of viscosity? Where, μ = absolute viscosity of the flowing fluid, (du/dy) = change in velocity of a layer per unit change in distance of that layer from the surface, A = area of the surface on which the fluid is flowing

A

(τ) = μ(du/dy)

132
Q
  1. A hollow cylinder of length of 1m, inner radius (Ri) 0.01m and outer radius (Ro) 0.05m has a thermal conductivity (k) 20 W/mK. The inside surface temperature is at 500K. What is the outside surface temperature of the cylinder when the rate of radial heat transfer is 3.13 kW?
A

460 K

133
Q
  1. In a long fin if the parameter m = (hP/kA) increases, other parameters being maintained constant then
A

The temperature drop along the length will be steeper

134
Q
  1. The product of Reynolds number and Prandtl number is known as
A

Peclet number

135
Q
  1. What is the effect of change in outer radius of the hollow cylinder on the thermal resistance of convection?
A

the thermal resistance of convection decreases with increase in outer radius of the hollow cylinder

136
Q
  1. The parameters of a very long fin are: diameter of the fin d = 2 cm, thermal conductivity k = 200 W/mK, convective heat transfer coefficient h = 12 W/m2K, base temperature of the fin Ts = 500 °C, the air temperature T∞ = 50 °C. Calculate the rate of heat transfer from the fin.
A

97.94 W

137
Q
  1. The most effective way to reduce the temperature drop in a heat generating solid is to
A

reduce the linear dimension

138
Q
  1. The surface temperatures of a plate with thickness of 0.06 m are 100°C and 40°C. The thermal conductivity (k) of wall is 350 W/mK. What is the rate of heat transfer through the plate in kW/m2?
A

350

139
Q
  1. Why is the negative sign introduced in the equation of Fourier’s law of heat conduction? q = – kA(dT/dx)
A

because heat is transferred from higher temperature to lower temperature

140
Q
  1. The Grashof number in natural convection plays the same role as
A

Reynolds number (Re) in forced convection

141
Q
  1. In a sphere under steady state conduction with uniform heat generation, the temperature gradient at half the radius location will be
A

one half of that at the surface

142
Q
  1. Aluminium is used as a fin material because
A

it has higher thermal conductivity

143
Q
  1. Which is the correct temperature profile in a homogeneous flat plate having thickness 2L with uniform heat generation for steady-state heat conduction? Where, x is a distance from the heat generation point.
A

Plane wall with uniform heat generation option a (ghose mohaddab)

144
Q
  1. A non-dimensional number generally associated with natural convection heat transfer is
A

Grashof number

145
Q
  1. A plane wall of thickness 2L has a uniform volumetric heat source q (W/m3 ). It is exposed to a fluid at temperature Tf at both the ends (x = ± L). The surface temperature Ts of the wall under steady-state condition (where h and k have their usual meanings) is given by
A

Ts = Tf + qL/h

146
Q
  1. Consider a plane wall of area A, having a layer of insulation on it. What will happen to the thermal resistance for convection of wall if the thickness of the insulation is increased?
A

the thermal resistance for convection remains same with increase in thickness of insulation

147
Q
  1. The value of thermal conductivity k depends upon
A

the material through which the heat is transferred

148
Q
  1. Reynolds number is the ratio of
A

Inertial forces to viscous forces

149
Q
  1. For a given sectional area of fin if the circumference is increased by adopting different geometric shape, then
A

The temperature variation along the fin length will be steeper

150
Q
  1. Fin effectiveness will be increased more by
A

higher thermal conductivity

151
Q
  1. Unit of thermal conductivity in S.I. units is
A

W/(m K)

152
Q
  1. [M L–1 t–2] is the dimensional formula for
A

Pressure

153
Q
  1. For a given volume of material for use in a pin fin
A

as length is increased heat flow will increase and after some length will decrease

154
Q
  1. Semi infinite model can be adopted when
A

all of answers

155
Q

F/T: In a slab of material with variable conductivity, with conductivity decreasing with temperature the surface temperatures are 200°C and 100°C. The mid plane temperature will be higher than 150°C.

A

False

156
Q

F/T: For transient conduction analysis of very small objects lumped capacitance method is used.

A

True

157
Q

F/T: In three dimensional steady state conduction with uniformly spaced nodes the temperature at a node will be one sixth of the sum of the adjacent nodal temperatures.

A

True

158
Q

F/T: Higher the value of Biot number slower will be the cooling of a solid.

A

True

159
Q

F/T: To reduce the time constant of a thermocouple its characteristic linear dimension (V/A) should be reduced.

A

True

160
Q

F/T: To reduce the time constant of a thermocouple its characteristic linear dimension (V/A) should be reduced.

A

True

161
Q

F/T: Lumped capacity model can be used in the analysis of transient heat conduction if Biot number is greater than one.

A

False

162
Q

F/T: Lumped parameter model can be used if the internal conduction resistance is high compared to the surface convection resistance.

A

False

163
Q

F/T: To reduce the time constant of a thermocouple, the convection coefficient over its surface should be reduced.

A

False

164
Q

F/T: The temperatures gradient at the inner surface will be steeper compared to that at the outer surface in radial heat conduction in a hollow cylinder.

A

True

165
Q

F/T: In a hollow sphere with radial conduction, the mid plane temperature will be higher than the mean of surface temperatures.

A

False

166
Q

F/T: Fins are more useful with liquids than with gases.

A

False

167
Q

F/T: Fins for the same flow should be longer if the thermal conductivity of the material is increased.

A

False

168
Q

F/T: In good conductors lattice vibration contributes more for heat conduction.

A

False

169
Q

F/T: n a hollow cylinder, the temperature variation with radius will be linear.

A

False

170
Q

F/T: For identical fins of different materials the tip to base temperature difference will be lower if the thermal conductivity is lower.

A

False

171
Q

F/T: For the same amount of heat conduction through a slab, as thickness increases the temperature gradient should increase.

A

False

172
Q

F/T: In mass transfer studies the function of Sherwood number is similar to Prandtl number in heat transfer studies.

A

False

173
Q

F/T: In a slab conducting heat the surface temperatures are 200 and 100°C. The mid plane temperature will be 150°C if k is constant.

A

True

174
Q

F/T: Convection coefficient is a material property.

A

False

175
Q

F/T: In a hollow cylinder with radial conduction the mid plane temperature will be lower than the mean of surface temperatures.

A

True

176
Q

F/T: Fins effectiveness is generally greater than one.

A

True

177
Q

F/T: Thermal conductivity of water decreases with increase in temperature.

A

False

178
Q

F/T: Lewis number is used to predict mass transfer rates using heat transfer rates at similar conditions.

A

True

179
Q

F/T: Schmidt number replaces Nusselt number in convective mass transfer studies.

A

False

180
Q

F/T: A solid of poor conductivity exposed for a short period to surface convection can be analysed as semi infinite solid.

A

True

181
Q

F/T: Thermal conductivity is a material property.

A

True

182
Q

F/T: A slab will cool the fastest compared to a long cylinder or sphere of the same characteristic dimensions when exposed to the same convection conditions.

A

False