Conducting Experiments 9 Flashcards
Filler items
The researcher may also attempt to disguise the DV by using an intrusive measure or by placing the measure among a set of unrelated filler items
Demand characteristic
Any feature of the study of an experiment that might inform participants of the purpose of the study
Pilot study
Researcher does a trial run with a small number of participants
Confederate
Staged manipulation uses confederate (sometimes termed accomplice) usually another participant
Staged manipulation s
When it’s necessary to stage events during the experiment in order to manipulate the IV successfully
Straight forward manipulation
Researchers are usually able to manipulate an IV simplicity by presenting written, verbal, or visual material to the participants
Behavioral measure
A direct observations of behavior
Expectancy effects (experimenter bias)
Experimenters are usually aware of the purpose of the study and thus may develop expectations about how participants should respond
Single-blind experiment
The participant is unaware of whether a placebo or the actual drug administered
Double-blind experiment
Neither do the participants nor the experimenter knows weather the placebo or the actual treatment is being given
Placebo group
Participants in the placebo group receive the pill or injection contain an inert, harmless substance. They don’t receive the drug given to members of the experimental group.
Ceiling effect
Sometimes a task is so easy that everyone does well regardless of the condition that one manipulated by the IV. The IV appeas to have no effect on the Dependent measure only because participants quickly reach the maximum performance level.
Floor effects
The opposite problem occurs when a task is so difficult that hardly anyone can perform well
Self-report
Can be blessed to measure attitudes, liking for someone, judgements about personality, intended behaviors, emotional states, and tasks
Sensitivity
The issue with sensitivity is partially important when measuring human performance
manipulation check
An attempt to directly measure whether the IV manipulation has the intended effect on the participant
A trial run of an experiment with a small number of participants is
Pilot study
Staged manipulation so frequently use ________ or accomplice
Confederate
When a task is so easy that everyone does well is a ______ effect
Ceiling
When a task is so difficult that hardly anyone can perform well, we say there is
Floor effect
A _________ ___________ is any feature of an experiment that might inform the participant of the purpose of the study and thus encourage them to do whatever is necessary to conform to the hypothesis
Demand characteristic
When experimenters develop expectations about how participants should respond, these expectations scan bias the results.what do we call this ?
Expectancy effects (experimenter bias )
In a drug study, what do we call the inert substances that us given to the control group
Placebo
Without informing them a researchers signs participants to either an experimental or placebo group. The researcher assistants who test the participants do not know who belongs in which group.
Double blind experiment
Wha do we call a direct measure of wether the IV manipulation has the intended effect on the participants
Manipulation check
