Conditions for Exam 1 Flashcards
Symptoms of dry eye disease
White or mildly red eye, patients may complain of a sandy, gritty feeling or a sensation that something is in the eye. They will often present with excessive tearing initially
Symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis
Red eye with watery discharge. Itching is the hallmark symptom and allergic rhinitis is often present too.
Symptoms of corneal edema
Halos or starbursts of light are a hallmark symptom
provider must diagnose
Symptom of loose foreign substance in the eye
tearing
Symptom of minor eye irritation
Eye redness, may also have pain or a sensation of sand in the eyes
Symptoms of ophthalmic chemical burn
Pain, irritation, photophobia, tearing
Symptoms of contact dermatitis
Swelling, scaling, redness of eyelid, and profuse itching
Symptoms of excessive/impacted cerumen
A sense of fullness or pressure in the ear and a gradual hearing loss. There may be a decrease in cognition in the elderly. There is sometimes a dull pain, vertigo, tinnitus, chronic cough, or mild pain.
Symptoms of water-clogged ears
Feeling of wetness of fullness, accompanied by a gradual hearing loss, itching, pain, inflammation, or infection
Symptoms of diabetic retinopathy
Blurred vision, floaters, difficulty seeing at night
Symptoms of cataracts
Sensitive to glare, cloudy or fuzzy vision, difficulty seeing in low light, seeing halos around lights
Symptoms of open angle glaucoma
Loss of visual field
Symptoms of closed angle glaucoma
Sudden, severe pain in one eye, cloudy vision, nausea and vomiting, halos around lights, red eye
Symptoms of dry macular degeneration
Blurred vision, dim and faded colors in central vision, difficulty seeing and reading print
Symptoms of wet macular degeneration
Straight lines appearing distorted and wavy, small dark spots in center of vision
Symptoms of presbycusis
Other’s speech seems mumbled, background noise interferes, tinnitus
Treatment for dry eye
Avoid dry, dusty places and heaters/AC. Avoid prolonged use of computer screens and wear eye protection outside. Artificial tear solutions and nonmedicated ointments are used to treat.
Treatment for allergic conjunctivits
Removal/avoidance of the responsible allergen as well as ocular lubricants/decongestants/decongestant-antihistamine combinations/antihistamine-mast cell stabilizers/ oral antihistamines/cold compresses
Treatment for corneal edema
Hyperosmotic solution
Treatment for loose foreign substance in the eye
Irrigation
Treatment for minor eye irritation
Artificial tear solutions/nonmedicated ointments/zinc sulfate
Treatment for ophthalmic chemical burns
Irrigation until an eye care provider is seen
Treatment for artificial eyes
Sterile, isotonic buffered solution of tyloxapol and BAK
Treatment for contact dermatitis
Discontinue use of new products, antihistamines, cold compress
Symptoms of the flu
fever, nonproductive cough, myalgia, malaise, headache, sore throat, rhinitis
Symptoms of bronchitis
Productive cough, wheezing/ronchi
NOT: fever, systemic symptoms, consolidation, or crackling/rales
Symptoms of pneumonia
Productive cough, fever, chills, dyspnea, chest pain, malaise, headache, confusion, crackles, consolidation
Treatment for flu
neuraminidase inhibitors (oseltamivit, sanamivir, peramivir)
Treatment for pneumonia
antibiotics (macrolides) for 5 days or until afebrile for 48 hours
Treatment for bronchitis
Cough suppressants at night, expectorants, B-2 agonists
NO antibiotics
Symptoms of allergic rhinitis
Watery eyes, itchy nose/eyes/throat, repetitive sneezing, nasal congestion, watery rhinorrhea, red and irritated eyes with conjuctival injection
Symptoms of cold
Sore throat (mild-moderate pain), nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing are common low grade fever, chills, headache, malaise, myalgia, and cough are possible
Treatment for congestion and rhinorrhea cold symptoms
Saline nasal spray or decongestant. Consider using a humidifier and raising the head of the bed
Treatment for pharyngitis cold symptoms
Saline gargles or local anesthetic sprays or lozenges
Treatment for allergic rhinitis
oral antihistamine and/or intranasal corticosteroid
Symptoms of asthma
Coughing, wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath
Reliever or rescue drugs for asthma
Short acting beta adrenergic agonists, inhaled anticholinergic
Controller drugs for asthma
inhaled corticosteroids, non-steroid controllers (mast cell stabilizers or leukotriene modifiers), long acting bronchodilators
Symptoms of COPD
chronic cough/sputum, persistent or worsening dyspenea
