Conditions And Their Signs

Question 1

Signs from examination in bacterial conjunctivitis?

Answer 1

Redness in fornices
*lots of (micro)purulent discharge

Papillae under upper lid

Question 2

Signs from examination in allergic conjunctivitis?

Answer 2

Redness worse in fornices

• chemosis
• Stringy white mucus

*Lots of papillae
*Cobblestones (if acute on chronic)
(Like dark velvet..)

Question 3

Signs from examination in adenovirus conjunctivitis?

Answer 3

Redness worse in inner canthus
(Micro)purulent discharge
*Pseudomembrane
Fluorescein may stain if cornea involved

Papillae and *Follicles (swollen lymph)

• PRE-ORICULAR LYMPH NODES
• swollen and may be tender

Question 4

Signs from examination of dendritic (viral) ulcer?

Answer 4

Redness in limbus, worse near ulcer
Variable discharge
Pupil slightly smaller on affected side
*Root like appearance
(*Difficult to see without fluorescein)

Normal to mild papillary lid changes

Question 5

Signs on examination of a bacterial ulcer?

Answer 5

Redness in limbus, worse near ulcer
Variable discharge
Pupil slightly smaller on affected side
*Round ulcer
*Halo of infiltrate
Dramatic fluorescein staining

Normal to mild papillary lid changes

Question 6

Signs on examination of a allergic (marginal) ulcer?

Answer 6

*Marked redness near ulcer
Variable discharge
Pupil slightly smaller on affected side
*Found in the periphery of cornea
*parallel to limbus
Dramatic fluorscein staining

Normal to mild papillary lid changes

Question 7

Signs on examination of iritis (or uveitis)?

Answer 7

Redness worse around limbus
Small pupil on affected side
*may be irregular

Question 8

Signs on examination of acute glaucoma?

Answer 8

Redness worse around limbus
*Iris may appear hazy
*'Ground glass' appearance of cornea
*large pupil on affected side
APD
*'stoney hard eye'
Diffuse negative fluorescein stain

Question 9

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in a migraine aura?

Answer 9

None

Question 10

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in central retinal artery occlusion?

Answer 10

Marked APD

*Pale retina with cherry red spot

Question 11

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in central retinal vein occlusion?

Answer 11

APD if ischaemic (WORRY!)

• Congested disk
• Scattered flame haemorrhages
• Round haemorrhages indicate ischaemia (again.. WORRY!)

Question 12

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy?

Answer 12

*APD always..

• Signs evident CLOSE to disk:
  
  • Congested disk
  • Retinal haemorrhages

Question 13

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in optic neuritis?

Answer 13

Permanent APD

Nothing if retrobulbar
Pale disk later
Swollen disk if papillitis

Question 14

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in vitreous haemorrhage?

Answer 14

Normal pupils!

• No fundal details if mild
• No red reflex if severe

Question 15

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in amaurosis fugax?

Answer 15

APD during event

*No abnormalities after the event

Question 16

Signs on examination and fundoscopy in retinal detachment?

Answer 16

APD may develop

*Grey wrinkled appearance of retina