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PTRS 826 Midterm Check Off > Conditions > Flashcards

Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

Condition: CXR

Increased vascular marking in hilar region

Kerley B lines (thick interlobe septum)

Interstitial/Alveolar Infiltrates

Pleural effusion

A

Pulmonary Edema

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2
Q

Condition: PFT

Decreased FEV1

Decreased FEV1/FVC

Increased FRC

Increased TLC

Increased RV

Normal Ventilation/Perfusion Ratio

A

Emphysema

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3
Q

Condition: ABG

Min-Mod decreased PaO2

Slight incresaed PaCO2

Normal hematocrit

Normal pulmonary artery pressure

A

Emphysema

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4
Q

Condition: Symptoms

Cough w/copious mucopurulent sputum

Fetid breath (halitosis)

Recurrent hemoptysis

A

Bronchiectasis

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5
Q

Condition: CXR

Size and shape of cardiac silhouette

Alveolar edema

Pleural Effusion

Atelectasis

A

CHF

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6
Q

Condition: ABG

Decreased PaO2

Increased pH

Respiratory Alkalosis

A

Pulmonary Edema

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7
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Wet Rales

Decreased sounds

May Wheeze

A

Pulmonary Edema

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8
Q

Condition: PFT

FEV1 < 65%

REV1/FVC < 70%

Decreased VC

Decreased dynamic lung compliance

Increased RV

A

Chronic Bronchitis

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9
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Rales/Crackles

A

Bronchiectasis

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10
Q

Condition: Etiology

Inflammation of lung parenchya

Acquired from community or hospital

A

Pneumonia

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11
Q

Condition: CV Findings

S3

A

CHF

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12
Q

Condition: PFT

If large = decreased lung volumes

Normal flow rates

Normal DL CO2

RESTRICTIVE

A

Pulmonary Effusion

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13
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Bubbling rales

Rhonchi

Bronchial

Pleural friction rub

Egophony

Whispered pectoriloquy

Consolidation

A

Pneumonia

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14
Q

Condition: ABG

Arterial hypoxemia

CO2 retention

Anemia

A

Bronchiectasis

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15
Q

Condition: CV Findings

Tachycardia

A

Pneumonia

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16
Q

Condition: CV Findings

Hx of MI, L ventricular failure, aortic or mitral valve disease, cardiomyopathy

A

Pulmonary Edema

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17
Q

Condition: CV Findings

R Cor Pulmonale

A

IPF

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18
Q

Condition: Symptoms

SOB

Barrel-chested

Pink Puffer

Thin (cachectic)

A

Emphysema

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19
Q

Condition: CXR

Diffuse reticulonodular pattern

Abnormal lower lobe markings

CT = inflammation has ground glass appear w/fibrosis in reticular pattern

A

IPF

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20
Q

Condition: PFT

Decreased FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FVC, FEF25-75

Ventilation/Perfusion mismatch

A

Bronchiectasis

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21
Q

Condition: PFT

Decreased TLC

Decreased VC

Decreased FRC

Decreased RV

Decreased DL CO2

Normal flow rates

As progresses: Decreased VT & Increased RR

A

IPF

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22
Q

Condition: ABG

Increased BUN, Creatinine, bilirubin

Decreased ertythrocyte sedimentation, Na, K, GFR

Decreased PaO2

Increased PaCO2

A

CHF

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23
Q

Condition: Etiology

Mutliple Causes

CHF

Cirrhosis

Lupus

RA

Pancreatitis

A

Pulmonary Effusion

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24
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Wheeze

A

Asthma

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25
Q

Condition: Symptoms

PNEA: Dys, Tachy, Ortho, Nocturnal

Peripheral edema

Cyanotic extremities

Weight gain

Hepatomegaly

Decreased Exercise tolerance

A

CHF

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26
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Bibasilar end inspiratory dry rales

Decreased sounds

A

IPF

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27
Q

Condition: ABG

Early = decreased PaCO2, RR

Severe = increased PaCO2

A

Asthma

28
Q

Condition: Symptoms

SOB (even @ rest)

Repetitive non-productive cough

Weight loss

Decrease Appetite

Fatigue

Sleep disturbance w/¯ REM

A

IPF

29
Q

Condition: CV Findings

Cor pulmonale only when hyoxemia severe enough to produce pulm art HTN

A

Emphysema

30
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Rales

Tubular Sounds

Consolidation

A

CHF

31
Q

Condition: Etiology

Unknown

A

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF)

32
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

Patchy focal lesions of inflammation that change into fibrotic scars > regular shaped alveoli

A

IPF

33
Q

Condition: CXR

Hyperinflation: kyphosis, ­AP distance

Narrow/elongated cardiac silhouette

A

Emphysema

34
Q

Condition: CXR

Bacterial = Lobular consolidation w/confluent shadows

Viral = bilateral diffuse scattered fluffy shadows

A

Pneumonia

35
Q

Condition: ABG

Decreased PaO2

Decreased PaCO2

A

Pneumonia

36
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

Transudative: ­ Increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure > fluid out of pleural capillaries, decreased reabsorption > increased fluid in pleural space > decreased lung expansion

Exudative: ­ Increased pleural permeability > increased protein/fluid into pleural space > decreased lung expansion

A

Pulmonary Effusion

37
Q

Condition: PFT

During attack decreased FEV1 & FEV1/FVC

Increased FVC, RV

Decreased VC

15% improve in FEV1 w/dilator

A

Asthma

38
Q

Condition: Etiology

Allergies

Exercise

Infection

Stresses

A

Asthma

39
Q

Condition: Symptoms

Small = may have no sx

Large = SOB

Inflammation = pleuritic chest pain

Dry, non-productive cough

A

Pleural Effusion

40
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Rhonchi

Wheeze

Prolonged Expiration

A

Chronic Bronchitis

41
Q

Condition: CV Findings

May be abnormal if they cause of the issue is CV in natural

A

Pleural Effusion

42
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

Increased airway reactivity resulting in bronchospasm/constriction when exposed to particular stimulus

A

Asthma

43
Q

Condition: ABG

Decreased PaO2

Normal PaCO2

Hypoxemic w/exertion

As progresses hypoxemic at rest

A

IPF

44
Q

Condition: Symptoms

Sense of Suffocation

SOB

Cyanotic

Pink frothy septum from cough

Pallor

Diaphoresis

A

Pulmonary Edema

45
Q

Condition: Breath Sounds

Bronchial and egophony just above area of interest

Decreased sounds over area of interest

May hear pleural friction rub

A

Plueral Effusion

46
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

Enlargement of terminal air spaces w/destruction of alveolar walls

A

Emphysema

47
Q

Condition: CXR

Normal

May look like emphysema

A

Asthma

48
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

Infection of the lower respiratory tract

Bacterial infection results in edema & lobular consolidation

A

Pneumonia

49
Q

Condition: CXR

Early: Unremarkable

Late: thickened bronchial walls

Atelectasis

A

Bronchiectasis

50
Q

Condition: ABG

Decreased PaO2

Increased PaCO2

Polycythemia

Hypoxia

Increased hematocrit

Incresaed viscosity

A

Chronic Bronchitis

51
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

Hypertrophy of submucosal glands > denudation of ciliated cells > obstruction > inflammation and wall thickening/airway narrowing

A

Chronic Bronchitis

52
Q

Condition: Pathophysiology

L ventricular failure > ­increased L artia pressure > increased­ pulmonar circulation pressure > increased­ fluid in lung interstitium > alveolar flooding > decreased compliance, increased­ ventilation/perfusion mismatch, gas exchange disrupted

A

Pulmonary edema

53
Q

Condition: Symptoms

Dyspnea

Cough

A

Asthma

54
Q

Condition: Symptoms

Chronic productive cough

Morning expectoration

Blue bloater

A

Chronic Bronchitis

55
Q

Condition: Etiology

  1. ­ Increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure due to L ventricular failure
  2. Increased alveolar capillary permeability
A

Pulmonary Edema

56
Q

Condition: Etiology

Necrotizing infection

Obstruction from foreign body aspiration

A

Bronchiectasis

57
Q

Condition: ABG

Normal PaO2

Normal PaCO2

Normal ventilation/perfusion ratio

A

Pulmonary Effusion

58
Q

Condition: PFT

Increased RR

Decreased Lung volumes

N flow rates

Normal/Decreased DL CO2

Fast/Labored

A

Pulmonary Edema

59
Q

Condition: Etiology

Smoking

Air pollution

Occupational exposure

Hypersecretion of mucus to produce productive cough on most days for 3 mo during 2 consecutive yrs

A

Chrontic Bronchitis

60
Q

Condition: Symptoms

Bacterial: Fever, Chills, Dyspnea

Viral: Fever, Dyspnea, Tachypnea, Non—productive cough, Myalgia

A

Pneumonia

61
Q

Condition: Etiology

Smoking

Air Pollution

A

Emphysema

62
Q

Condition: CXR

Small = blunting of costophrenic angle

Large = opaque

A

Pulmonary Effusion

63
Q

Condition: CV Findings (2)

Cor Pulmonale

A

Chronic Bronchitis

Bronchiectasis

64
Q

Condition: CV Findings

Normal

A

Chronic Bronchitis

65
Q

Condition: PFT

Decreased lung volumes

Increased RR

RESTRICTIVE

A

Pneumonia

PTRS 826 Midterm Check Off (4 decks)

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