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Littlebrook Psychiatry > Conditions > Flashcards

Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

What is EUPD/ BPD? and what are the three characteristics?

A

Boarderline personality disorder.
It is a mood disorder that affects how a person thinks and feels about themselves and others.

  1. Strong emotional responses
  2. Unstable interpersonal relationships
  3. Distorted sense of self
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2
Q

What are the 9 core signs and symptoms of BPD?

A
  1. Fear of abandonment + extreme lengths to avoid this
  2. Unstable relationships with others
  3. Disturbed sense of identity
  4. Impulsivity/ reckless behaviour
  5. Recurrent suicidal ideation/ self harm
  6. Emotional dysregulation
  7. Feelings of emptiness
  8. Uncontrollable anger
  9. Stress related paranoia
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3
Q

How many points on the DSM-5 criteria does someone have to meet to be diagnosed with BPD?

A

5/9

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4
Q

What are the causes of BPD?

A

Both environmental and genetic but most people would have experienced trauma or neglect as a child

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5
Q

Treatment for BPD?

A

No specific treatment but CBT and psychology input to help talk about problems and promote feelings of being listened to

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6
Q

What is Bipolar affective disorder?

A

A long term mental illness that is characterised by episodic periods of depressed and elated moods and increased activity

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7
Q

How are manic episodes in Bipolar affective disorder characterised?

A

Persistently elevated or irritable moods lasting 1 week accompanied by at least 3 additional sx that are:

1.severe enough to cause impairment in social or occupational functioning
OR
2. Psychotic features i.e delusions or hallucinations

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8
Q

How are hypomanic episodes in bipolar disorder characterised ?

A

Symptoms lasting at least 4 days and not severe enough to cause impairment in social or occupational functioning or needing hospitalisation and NO psychotic sx.

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9
Q

How are depressive episodes in bipolar disorder characterised ?

A

Period of low mood lasting at least 2 weeks. Accompanied by at least 4 additional symptoms

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10
Q

What is a mixed episode in a bipolar patient?

A

A mix of rapid alterations of manic and depressive symptoms

or 1 week where criteria is met for either manic or hypomanic episodes and at least 3 symptoms of depression present during a majority of the days

or 2 weeks of major depressive symptoms with at least 3 sx of mania or hypomania

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11
Q

What is the difference between Bipolar I and Bipolar II disorder?

A

Bipolar I - characterised by at least 1 manic episode with or without a history of major depressive episodes

Bipolar II - Characterised by one or more major depressive episodes and at least one hypomanic episode but NO evidence of mania

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12
Q

Symptoms of mania? (7 things)

A
  1. Diminished need for sleep
  2. Sense of grandiosity
  3. Pressured speech
  4. Racing thoughts/ ideas
  5. Distractability
  6. Goal oriented behaviour
  7. Excessive pleasures (increased sexual behaviour)
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13
Q

Long term treatment for Bipolar affective disorder? (Both medication and non medication)

A
  1. CBT
  2. Lithium - monitor kidneys and thyroid
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14
Q

Treatment for mania and mixed episodes? (4 drugs)

A
  1. Haloperidol
  2. Olanzapine
  3. Quetiapine
  4. Risperidone
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15
Q

Treatment of depression in bipolar patients? (4 medication combinations)

A
  1. Quetiapine (alone)
  2. Fluoxetine combined with Olanzapine
  3. Olanzapine (alone)
  4. Lamotrigine (alone)
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16
Q

In bipolar patients, if lithium is not effective or cannot be tolerated, what other medication can be used?

A

Sodium valproate

17
Q

What is schizophrenia ?

A

Mental disorder characterised by impairments in the way reality is perceived leading to associated changes in behaviour

18
Q

How is schizophrenia managed?

A
19
Q

What are the three main types of symptoms in schizophrenia & explain what is found in these sx?

  1. (3 things)
  2. (5things)
    3.(3 things)
A
  1. Psychotic symptoms (positive sx)
    - Hallucinations
    - Delusions (fixed belief)
    -Disorganised speech or thinking
    - Abnormal movements
  2. Negative symptoms (deficits in normal emotion or thoughts)
    THE 5 A’s
  3. Blunted affect
    2.Alogia (lack of content in speech)
    3.Anhedonia (loss of pleasure)
  4. Asociality (no desire for social interaction)
  5. Avolition (lack of motivation)
  6. Cognitive symptoms (First sx to develop)
  • low attention levels
  • Poor decision making
  • lack of problem solving
20
Q

According to the DSM-5, how is a diagnosis of schizophrenia made?

A

At least 2 diagnostic sx must be present (either positive or negative sx)

AT LEAST 1 OF THE SX MUST BE
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Or disorganised speech

Littlebrook Psychiatry (3 decks)

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