Conditions Flashcards
Trochanteric bursitis
where
what
S+S (Acute vs Chronic
Obsv/Palp
Special Tests
CIs/Precau
key techniques
Homecare + ADLs (Strength, Stretch, Hydro, ADL)
Where: occurs at the hip joint
What: Inflammation of synovium sac within the hip joint (a bursa)
S+S: ACUTE= Pain is deep & burning at rest + during activity. AROM is restricted in most directions due to pain. Inflammation, heat, and swelling are present. Sleep may be disrupted.
CHRONIC= Pain or achiness is felt during activity or upon direct compression. Pain is localized to the bursa. Chromic inflammation, fibrosis and. adhesions are present. Some restrictions are present during AROM.
Obervation/Palp: Hypertonicity/triggerpoints present. Postural Ax may show muscle imbalances.
Special test: ROM testing any test that causes mm to move over the affected bursa will cause pain to occur. Pain will be consistent even if resistance is increased.
CIs/Precautions: Acute–> no pressure, compression or skin drag over bursa and no local tx to affected bursa.
If infected bursa is present, refer to doctor.
Key techniques: XXF, hot hydrotherapy local tx to bursa prior to XXF, fascial tech, pain free PROM (this is for chronic)
Homecare + ADLs:
-Strenght; start with isometric (planks) exercises then isotonic (push ups)
-Stretch; gentle
-Hydro: ACUTE=ice NO COMPRESSION. CHRONIC= deep moist heat
-ADL; rest, ice if flare up, and gradual return to ADLs.
Asthma
(Productive Cough vs Non-productive cough)
Productive cough= phlegm producing cough (wet cough)
Non-productive cough= dry cough
Pain:
Acute vs subacute vs chronic
+Tissue response and Management Phase
Acute–> Tissue response= inflammation
Management Phase= Protection
Subacute–> Tissue Response= Proliferation, repair and
healing
Management Phase= Controlled Motion
Pain that lasts for less than 3 months.
Chronic–> Tissue Response= Remodelling and Maturation
Management Phase= Return to function
Pain that occurs for more than 3 months.
Erb’s Palsy
1. Injury to what nervous system?
2. What kind of disorder?
3. What kind of injury (pathogenesis)?
4. What nerve roots become injured/injury type?
5. Major sign of condition?
6. Major symptoms of the condition?
7. Major CI’s to Erb’s?
8. Main Tech used?
- Injury to the PNS (peripheral nervous system)
- Cervico thoracic nerve disorder
- Traction injury involving the upper brachial plexus.
- Could be a mild stretch or complete tear of the trunks or avulsion of roots C5 and C6.
- Waiter’s tip deformity;
GH= IR, Elbow= Ext, Forearm= Pronated,
Wrist+Fingers= Flex - Paresis of mm on the affected shoulder, Subscap contractures, LOS in C5 + C6 dermatomes.
- No passive or active flexion of C/S
No depression of affected GH
DO not stretch affected mm or nerves
No hydro until minimal autonomic + vasomotor control returns; initial hydro applications should not be extreme temps
Avoid deep pressure on affected tissues - Rood’s Techniques, GSM (light), MLD, AAROM + PROM (to unaffected limb).
Re-educate motor movement by reinforcing correct motions with unaffected limb.
Varicose Veins
- Varicose means what?
- What are the main S+S?
- Which vein is usually visibly swollen?
- What special test can you use to DDX for a DVT?
- What are the main CI’s for this condition?
- Homecare suggestions? (Stretch, Strength, Hydro, ADLs)
- dilated or distended. aka veins are abnormally large and bulging.
- Pain (local), swelling, most common in 40-50 year olds.
- Sephalous vein.
- Homan’s Sign
- No deep or specific techniques over veins
Local pain or sensitivity to touch= LOCAL CI
After saline Tx, Mx is CI for 24hrs. After surgery, Mx is CI’d until cleared by doctor. - Stretch= anywhere tightness is felt in the calf
Strength= Ankle pumps (pumping calf mm will help promote venous flow)
Hyrdo= contrast with neutral temps (no extreme temp )
ADL= elevate affected leg when possible.
Cubital Canal Syndrome
- What is it? (cause/pathogenisis)
- Main S+S?
- What is one way for symptoms to occur?
- Special test used to assess for the condition?
- Area to focus treatment on?
- Also known ulnar nerve entrapment (1/3). This happens when the ulnar nerves that passes through the cubital tunnel on the medial side of the elbow, is injured and becomes inflamed and irritated. (like the feeling you get when hitting your ‘funny bone”)
- Shooting pain sensation down the forearm and into digits 4-5.
- Leaning on a desk for long periods, or sleeping in a position where the arm is in a flexed position for a long time.
- Elbow flexion test
- Forearm flexors, especially flexor carpi ulnaris to help relieve compression to the ulnar nerve.
Pronator teres syndrome
- What is it?
- What populations is predisposed to this condition?
- What special test can be used to DDX condition from carpal tunnel syndrome?
- This condition occurs when there is compression of the median nerve in the upper forearm. Compression usually caused by inflamed pronator teres.
- Individuals who play tennis, do weightlifting, rowers, line workers or trades ppl. Associated with repetitive and prolonged forearm movements.
- Pronator Teres Syndrome Test (Resisted pronation with passive elbow ext= + when symptoms are reproduced.
Torticollis (Definition)
- What is the typical position of the head?
- Types of torticollis (there are 3)
- Typical onset?
- What are typical signs and symptoms?
- Which neck mm is the AF?
- CI’s for each type? + general?
- For spasmodic tort, joint play and local tx are indicated, true or false?
- What position is contraindicated?
Def= Abnormal positioning of the head relative to the body.
1. Contralateral rotation and ipsilateral side bending.
2. Acute Torticollis= painful unilateral spasm of the neck mm’s. Usually occurs due to sleeping awkwardly, facet irritation, TRP, trauma. Can affect adults and childen==ren.
Spasmodic Torticollis= affected mm of the neck twitch and shoulders shrug uncontrollably. Twitching can spread to facial and arm mm’s. Can be caused by depression, trauma or CNS lesions. RF= lying down with arms up.
Congenital Tort.= Present since infancy. Not generally painful. Unless corrected, continues from childhood into adulthood.
3. Usually the patient will have ‘just woke up with it”. Sudden onset.
4. Rapid apical breathing, pained facial expression, pain is pronounced especially upon movement.
5. SCM; TRP to this mm can cause tinnitus, nausea.
6. Generally, no passive stretching to affected/spasmodic neck mm as it could make the spams worse.
7. False
8. Prone
MS (Multiple Sclerosis)
- What is it?
- What is the most common early sign of MS?
- What are other main symptoms?
- Main treatment goal?
- Condition in which demyelination of the nerves occurs.
- Fatigue. However, no patient will experience/present with the same symptoms nor experience them all.
- Spasticity, weakness, insufficient movement patterns. paresthesia, cold extremities and sweating abnormalities, mood swings, speech slurring, and bowl disruptions.
- Decrease SNS; any technique could fatigue the patient. including heat applications; try to avoid them.
Sinusitis
- What is it?
- how long should a treatment be limited to?
- Why/when is MLD CI’s?
- It is an acute or chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses.
- 3o min;
- If sinus infection is acute. Acute infection= if pain occurs with palpation or tenderness with percussion to maxillary/frontal sinuses.
Chronic Bronchitis
- What is it?
- Main signs?
- CI’s to condition?
- Inflammation of the lining of the bronchial tubes that carry oxygen to and from you lungs.
- Production cough for at least 3 months for a consecutive 2 years.
- Do not fatigue pt, joint play and rib springing is CI’dfor hypermobile ribs.
S+S of High blood pressure or hypertension?
“8 listed here”
increased thirst, polyphagia, frequent urination, headaches, epistaxis (nosebleeds), insomnia, tinnitus, and abnormal fatigue.
What do massage therapists need to be concerned about if someone suffers from enuresis?
blood clots
incontinence
HA
sneezing?
incontinence
aka urinary incontinence (bed wetting)
TOS
- Stands for what?
- It is a group of syndromes involving compression of what structures?
- What special tests can you use? HINT: there are 6
- Can i use heat and deep pressure with TOS?
- Thoracic outlet syndrome
- The brachial plexus or subclavian artery, vein and lymphatic vessel or a combination of both. AKA neurological compression or vascular compression.
- Adson’s (rot towards)
Scalene Cramp test/relief test
Eden’s (vascular; chest out)
Halstead’s (rotation away)
Wright’s hyperabduction test
Roo’s (test vascular structures) - no, avoid aggressive techniques/pressures and no direct heat on neck or chest if pt has hypertension or atherosclerosis.
