Condition & Common Treatment(s) Flashcards by Lana Taussig

Absence seizures

Ethosuximide

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Acute gout attack

NSAIDs, colchicine

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Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

All-trans retinoic acid

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ADHD

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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Alcohol abuse

AA+ disulfiram for patient and Al-Anon for family

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Alcohol withdrawal

Benzodiazepines

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Anorexia

SSRIs

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Anticoagulation during pregnancy

Heparin

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Arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

Class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

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B12 deficiency

Vitamin B12 supplementation (work up cause with Schilling test)

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Tamsulosin, finasteride

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Bipolar disorder

Lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine (mood stabilizers)

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Breast cancer in postmenopausal women

Aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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Buerger’s disease

Smoking cessation

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Bulimia

SSRIs

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Candida albicans

Amphotericin B (systemic), nystatin (oral thrush, esophagitis)

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Carcinoid syndrome

Octreotide

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Chlamydia trachomatis

Doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection), erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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Chronic gout

Probenecid (underexcretor), allopurinol (overproducer)

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Chronic hepatitis

IFN-α

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Chronic myelogenous leukemia

Imatinib

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Clostridium botulinum

Antitoxin

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Clostridium difficile

Oral metronidazole; if refractory, oral vancomycin

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Clostridium tetani

Antitoxin + vaccine booster + diazepam

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Crohn's disease

Corticosteroids, infliximab

Cryptococcus neoformans

Fluconazole (prophylaxis in AIDS patients)

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

Mesna

Cystic fibrosis

N-acetylcysteine + antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin/azithromycin)

Cytomegalovirus

Ganciclovir

Depression

SSRIs (first-line)

Diabetes insipidus

Desmopressin (central); hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

Diabetes mellitus type 1

Dietary intervention (low-sugar) + insulin replacement

Diabetes mellitus type 2

Dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (possible)

Diabetic ketoacidosis

Fluids, insulin, K+

Enterococci

Vancomycin/ampicillin + aminoglycoside

Erectile dysfunction

Sildenafil, vardenafil

ER-positive breast cancer

Tamoxifen

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

Fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

Haemophilus influenzae (B)

Rifampin (prophylaxis)

Generalized anxiety disorder

Buspirone

Heparin toxicity (acute)

Protamine sulfate

HER2/neu-positive breast cancer

Trastuzumab

Hyperaldosteronism

Spironolactone

Hypercholesterolemia

Statin (first-line)

Hypertriglyceridemia

Fibrate

Immediate anticoagulation

Heparin

Infertility

Leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile)

Influenza

Rimantadine, oseltamivir

Legionella pneumophila

Erythromycin

Long-term anticoagulation

Warfarin

Malaria

Chloroquine/mefloquine (for blood schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)

Malignant hyperthermia

Dantrolene

Medical abortion

Mifepristone

Migraine

Sumatriptan

MRSA

Vancomycin

Multiple sclerosis

β-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

RIPE (rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent Chlamydia)

Neisseria meningitidis

Penicillin/ceftriaxone, rifampin (prophylaxis)

Neural tube defect prevention

Prenatal folic acid

Osteomalacia/rickets

Vitamin D supplementation

Osteoporosis

Bisphosphonates; calcium and vitamin D supplementation

Patent ductus arteriosus

Indomethacin

Pheochromocytoma

α-antagonists (e.g., phenoxybenzamine)

Pneumocystis jirovecii

TMP-SMX (prophylaxis in AIDS patient)

Prolactinoma

Bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)

Prostate cancer/uterine fibroids

Leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)

Prostate carcinoma

Flutamide

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Antipseudomonal penicillin + aminoglycoside

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (idiopathic)

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

Rickettsia rickettsiii

Doxycycline, chloramphenicol (especially in context of aplastic anemia)

Ringworm infections

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

Schizophrenia (negative symptoms)

5-HT2A antagonists (e.g., second-generation antipsychotics)

Schizophrenia (positive symptoms)

D2 receptor antagonists (e.g., first- and second-generation anti-psychotics)

SIADH

Demeclocycline, lithium, vasopressin receptor antagonists

Sickle cell anemia

Hydroxyurea (increased fetal hemoglobin)

Sporothrix schenckii

Oral potassium chloride

Stable angina

Sublingual nitroglycerin

Staphylococcus aureus

MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (antistaphylococcal penicillins); MRSA: vancomycin

Streptococcus bovis

Penicillin prophylaxis; evaluation for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia), vancomycin (meningitis)

Streptococcus pyogenes

Penicillin prophylaxis

Temporal arteritis

High-dose steroids

Tonic-clonic seizures

Phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine

Toxoplasma gondii

Sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine

Treponema pallidum

Penicillin

Trichomonas vaginalis

Metronidazole (patient and partner)

Ulcerative colitis

5-ASA, infliximab

UTI prophylaxis Warfarin toxicity

TMP-SMX

Warfarin toxicity

Fresh frozen plasma (acute), vitamin K (chronic)

Wegener's granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids