Concrete Flashcards

1
Q

Concrete is a mixture of…

A

Cement
Aggregate
Water

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2
Q

The 4 Types of Cement?

A

Portland Cement
Natural Cement
Low carbon
High alumina

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3
Q

Manufacture of Portland Cement is a mixture of..

A

Limestone/Chaulk (calcareous materials)

And

Clay/Shale (Silica and Alumina)

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4
Q

Cement Manufacture 2 basic processes?

A

Wet Process - slurry

Dry Process - Raw meal

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5
Q

4 Chemicals of Portland Cement

A

Tricalcium Silicate
Dicalcium Silicate
Tricalcium Aluminate
Tetracalcium Aluminate

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6
Q

5 types of Portland Cement

A
CEM 1 Portland
CEM 2 Portland Cement Composite
CEM 2 Portland Cement Blast Furnace
CEM 3 Pozzolanic Cement
CEM 4 Composite Cement
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7
Q

3 Cement Replacements

A

Fully Hydraulic
Latent Hydraulic
Filler

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8
Q

Name of Low Carbon Cements

A
Alkali Activated Cement
Magnesium Oxide (Eco Cement)
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9
Q

Aggregate Types

A

Crushed Aggregates

Sand and Gravel

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10
Q

Crushed Aggregate Rock Types

A

Igneaus
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

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11
Q

What does consistence mean to describe Concrete?

A

Overall term used to describe the characteristics of Concrete

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12
Q

What does mobility mean?

A

The flow of concrete

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13
Q

What does compatibility mean?

A

How easy to remove air

More mobile the Concrete, easier to remove air

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14
Q

Of 1% voids In Concrete, how much strength is lost ? (%)

A

5-10%

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15
Q

What does bleeding mean?

A

Whereby water sits like a clear layer on the surface of the setting Concrete
Bleeding weakens the surface of the finished concrete

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16
Q

What are the compaction layers and strokes of the Slump Test?

A

3 layers, 25 strokes of tampering rod

17
Q

What are the compaction layers and strokes of the Flow Table Test ?

A

2 layers, 15 strokes

18
Q

What are the 5 types of Admixtures and their purpose?

A

Accelerators - speed up curing
Plasticisers - workability, less water required
Retarders - Workable Concrete for longer (sugar)
Air Retainers - protect from frost

19
Q

5 Properties of Hardened Concrete

A
Strength
Shrinkage 
Deformation under load
Permeation
Durability
20
Q

What are the factors affecting Strength of Concrete?

A

Combination in mix
Preparation and laying
Curing

21
Q

What does Curing mean?

A

Water & Mix reacting and hardening

22
Q

How long does it take for Concrete to fully harden ?

A

28 days

23
Q

What are the 4 types Shrinkage ?

A

Plastic shrinkage
Drying shrinkage
Autogenous Shrinkage
Carbonation shrinkage