Conceptualizing A Research Problem

Question 1

Study design based on # of contacts

Answer 1

1 time- Cross-sectional sectional studies (Prelavence)

2 times-before & After studies (impact or effect)

3 or more times- longitudinal studies

Question 2

Based on Reference Period

Answer 2

Retrospective-past-recall or artifact data

Prospective- present & future data collection

Retrospective-prospective- past present and and future data

Question 3

Study design Based on nature of investigation

Answer 3

Experimental study= intro intervention ->change produced

Non-experimental=outcome-> find what was the cause of the outcome

Quasi-experimental= both non-experimental and non-experimental

Question 4

Study designs chosen by

3 ways

Answer 4

1- based on # of contacts
2= based on reference period
3-based on nature of investigation

Question 5

Some short terms

Answer 5

X=exposure to treatment
O= observation or measurement
R=Random

Question 6

Preexperimental designs.

Answer 6

1- one shot case study
X O
Déficit-No pre

2- one group protest-post
O X O
Deficit- maybe pre is what cause improvement

3- post test only non-equivalent group design
X O
O
Déficit Maybe simple group differences- not intervention

Question 7

Experimental Study

Answer 7

Controlled environment (office) or natural environment

• > stimulus/intervention is introduced
• > controlled experiments

Question 8

Random studies definition

Answer 8

Equal/random chance to control and experimental group

Question 9

Quasi-experimental

Answer 9

• less intrusive
• Just provide intervention and study post
• used in social work.

Question 10

Types of quasi-experimental design

Answer 10

Interrupted time series design
O O X O O
O O O O

Non equivalent group design
O X O

Counterbalanced design

X(I)O X(2)O. X(3)O
X(2)O X(3)O. X(1)O
X(3)O. X(2)O. X(1)O