Concepts to Remember

Question 1

Umbilical cord has how many arteries and veins?

Answer 1

AVA

Opposite of normal vessels
Arteries - carry DEOXYGENATED blood
Veins - carry OXYGENATED blood

Question 2

What is the FAB 9 acronym?

Answer 2

Folic Acid = B9 (B stands for Brain = reduces neural tube defects)

Must be taken 3 months before getting pregnant!

Question 3

Early Decelerations:

1. Cause?
2. When does it begin and end?
3. Intervention?

Answer 3

Cause: Head Compression

Begins BEFORE peak of contraction
Ends by the end of the contraction

No Intervention needed (if the variability is within normal range - that is, there is a rapid return to the baseline FHR - and the FHR is within normal)

Question 4

Variable Decelerations:

1. Cause?
2. When does it begin and end? (Occurrence)
3. Intervention?
4. Shape on monitoring sheet?

Answer 4

Cause: Umbilical Cord Compression

Can occur anytime

Interventions:

1. Change mother’s position
2. Stop pitocin infusion
3. Oxygen
4. Increase IV rate
5. Call MD if symptoms persist

Note: V-shape apparent on monitoring sheet!

Question 5

Late Decelerations:

1. Cause?
2. When does it begin and end? (Occurrence)
3. Intervention?

Answer 5

Cause: Uteroplacental insufficiency

Occur AFTER peak of contraction
mirror contraction in length and intensity

Interventions:

1. Change mother’s position
2. Stop pitocin infusion
3. Oxygen
4. Increase IV rate
5. Call MD if symptoms persist

Question 6

Name the diseases: TORCHS syndrome in the neonate

Answer 6

T - Toxoplasmosis*
O - Other Agents
R  - Rubella (German Measles)
C - Cytomegalovirus*
H - Herpes
S - Syphillis

*Pregnant nurses should not interact with toxoplasmosis and cytomegalovirus

Question 7

Treament for Maternal Hypotension after Epidural Anesthesia?

Answer 7

STOP

S - Stop pitocin if infusing
T - Turn to left side
O - Oxygen
P - Push IVF if hypovolemia is present

Question 8

Renal diet (6)

Answer 8

High calorie
High carb
Low protein
Low potassium
Low sodium
Fluid restricted to intake = output + 500ml

Question 9

Gout diet

Answer 9

Low purine
Omit poultry ("cold chicken")

Question 10

Gout medicine for acute episodes?

Answer 10

Colchicine

ACUTE = COLCHICINE (A to C) - Alphabetical

Question 11

Gout maintenance medicine?

Answer 11

Zyloprim

Question 12

Heart healthy diet?

Answer 12

Low fat ( < 30% of calories should be from fat)

Question 13

Acid Base Balance

ROME Acronym - explain!

Answer 13

ROME: Respiratory opposite , Metabolic equal

RESPIRATORY if values go in opposite directions
METABOLIC if all values go up/down in one direction

*In metabolic acidosis, the pH is below normal and the C02 is decreased, as is the HC03. This is true in a compensated situation.

Question 14

PH - down
C02 - up
HC03 - up

Answer 14

Respiratory acidosis

Question 15

PH - down
C02 - down
HC03 - down

Answer 15

Metabolic acidosis

Question 16

PH - up
CO2 - down
HCO3 - down

Answer 16

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 17

PH - up
C02 - up
HC03 - up

Answer 17

Metabolic alkalosis

Question 18

Overproduction of cortisol - Addison’s or Cushing’s?

State interventions.

Answer 18

Cushing’s

1. Restrict sodium
2. Observe for signs of infection

Question 19

Inadequate cortisol - Addison’s or Cushing’s?

State interventions.

Answer 19

Addison’s

1. Increase sodium intake
2. Meds include cortisone preparations

Question 20

Treatment for spider bites and bleeding?

Answer 20

RICE

Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevate extremity

Question 21

Treatment for sickle cell crises

Answer 21

HHOP

Heat
Hydration
Oxygen
Pain Meds

Question 22

5 P’s of fractures and compartment syndrome

Answer 22

Pain
Pallor
Pulselessness
Paresthesia
Polar (cold)

Question 23

Hip Fracture vs. Femur Fracture?

Answer 23

Hip - commonly hemorrhage

Femur - at risk for fat emboli

Question 24

Profile of gallbladder disease (5 F’s)

Answer 24

Fair
Fat
Fourty
Five pregnancies
Flatulent

(Actually, gallbladder disease can occur in all ages and both sexes)