Concepts of physical activity and sport Flashcards
What are the 4 levels on the sports development pyramid?
Foundation, participation, performance and elite
What are the characteristics of the foundation phase of the sports development pyramid?
Introduction to physical activity/sport (grass roots)
What are the characteristics of the participation phase of the sports development pyramid?
Recreational and relaxed activity, focus on fun, friendships and socialisation
What are the characteristics of the performance phase of the sports development pyramid?
Commitment, regular, emphasis on winning
What are the characteristics of the elite phase of the sports development pyramid?
Professional athletes
What are examples of playing at the foundation level?
PE and recreational sports
What are examples of playing at the participation level?
Sports clubs and leisure centres
What are examples of playing at the performance level?
Local and regional coaching and training, local and regional competitions, sports clubs and interclub leagues
What are examples of playing at the elite level?
Olympic, Paralympic and Commonwealth Games, World, European and Commonwealth championships and international competitions
What is physical recreation?
Physical recreation is leisure time which is spent active
What are the characteristics of physical recreation?
Voluntary, completed during free time, they choose the activity they take part in, fun/enjoyable, emphasis on participation, non serious, flexible in nature
As an adult, what part of the sports development pyramid is physical recreation?
Participation level
What are the functions of physical recreation for an individual?
- Increases health and fitness
- development of physical skills
- Stress relief
- Fun and enjoyment
- Can lead to sense of achievement, self-esteem and self-confidence
What are the functions of physical recreation for society?
- Increased health and fitness helps reduce the strain on the NHS
- Social integration and community cohesion
- Increase employment and economic benefits
- Social control (more positive use of free time)
What part of the sports development pyramid is sport in?
Participation and performance
What are the characteristics of sport?
- Viewed as serious
- Competitive
- Officials to enforce rules
- Winning is important
- High skill level
- Specialist equipment used
- Highly structured with set rules
What are the functions of sport for an individual?
- Improve health and fitness
- Improve physical skill levels
- Increase self confidence
- Increased social opportunities
- Improvement in skill and success can lead to a feel good factor
- Develop positive sporting morals and attitudes
What are the functions of sport for society?
- Regular participation decreases strain on the NHS
- Social control
- Increased social integration
- Economic benefits (people pay to participate and spend money on equipment)
- Employment opportunities
What level of the sports development pyramid id physical education in?
The foundation level
What are the characteristics of physical education?
- Compulsory
- Involves formally taught lessons
- Four key stages as part of the National Curriculum from ages 5-16
- begins at primary school
- In school time
- Lessons are structured and planned
What are the factors that influence the activities a school offers?
- Timetables restrictions/time available
- Funding
- resources/equipment/facilities
- Staff available
- School-club links
- Type of school - gender/faith/religion
- Tradition in the location
- National Curriculum
What are the functions of physical education?
- Development of health and fitness
- Development of positive attitudes towards a healthy lifestyle
- Provides opportunities for increased participation
- Develops personal and social skills
- Encouraging a sporting habit
What are the objectives of National Curriculum physical education?
- Self-esteem
- Mental skills
- Physical skills
- Social skills
- Active leisure
- Leadership
- Health and fitness
What are the functions of outdoor and adventurous activities?
- Learn to appreciate and engage with the natural environment
- Improve social skills
- Improve decision making
- Increased co-operation
- Increase cognitive skills
- Develop physical and survival skills
Why do PE departments struggle to offer outdoor and adventurous activities in schools?
- Lack of time
- Lack of money
- Lack of qualified or motivated staff
- Location of school
- Health and safety concerns
What are the 3 things in the physical education triangular model?
Sport, education and recreation
What is an example of sport in the physical education triangular model?
Playing for the school hockey team in competitive matches
What is an example of education in the physical education triangular model?
Compulsory/formally taught lessons involving a range of activities
What is an example of recreation in the physical education triangular model?
Extra-curricular aerobics club, open for all to enjoy
What are the characteristics of school sport?
- Mostly occurs in extra-curricular time
- It is a choice for attending school
- Competitive
- Teachers use their own specialisms to develop pupils talents
What are the benefits of participating in school sports?
- Increases skill levels
- Increases self-esteem
- Socially new groups can be formed
- Increased activity levels, increases health and fitness
