Concepts of physical activity and sport Flashcards
examples of physical activity
- dog walking
- walk
- bike ride
- kick about
examples of sport
- golf
- football
- hockey
whats physical recreation
the active aspect of leisure
whats leisure
voluntarily in a persons free time, have a choice
charcteristics of physical recreation
- particpation is matter of choice
- self officiated
- fun and enjoyable
functions of physical recreation
- self confidence
- stress reduction
- skill development
- social skills
- sense of fun
why do PE
- brings out fair play
- adapt skills
- health benefits
- social benefits
- self benefits
- cognitive benefits
whats talent id
the testing of both physiological and psychological parameters that help determine the likelihood of sporting sucess
key factors for success in talent id
- high quality systems
- physical and psychological testing
- wide spread testing
- organised
- coordination to agencies
- good competition
advantages to talent id
- rapid progress
- relevant experiences
- specific training
disadvantages to talent id
- numbers
- funding
- children danger
physiological qualities of elite performers
- natural talent
- fitness
- health
- high pain threshold
- preffered body type
psychological qualities of elite performers
- highly competitive
- willingness to train
- committment and sacrifice
- mental toughness
individual qualities of elite performers
- personal challange
- encourage excellence in life
- employment pathway
what are the three organisations which are focused on talent ID
- Uk sport
- NGB’s
- EIS (english insitution sport)
what do Uk sport do
- develop and run various plans to increase sporting excellence in the Uk
- use national lottery funding
- promote positive sporting conducts/ethics at elite level
- run talent Id program with the EIS
what do NGB’s do
- promote particpation, provide equal opportunites to increase number of particpants
- use scout/talent ID programmes
- identify young sporting talent
- eg discover my talent
- increase funding
- tackle discrimiantion
- improve facilities
what do national institutes of sport
- develops talent, Gb elite athletes
- work in multi-disciplinary teams to develop athletes/support coaches and perfromance directors
- athlete career education
what makes an effective TID program (TALENTS)
- Testing is of a high standard
- Analysis of performers via a clear database
- Links between organisations
- Equal opportunites for all to apply
- National development squads/programmes exist to develop through
- Talent spotting via high quality coaches
- Simple and well structured
Challanges for NGB’s
- new and different sports are attracting particpants
- there is a decline in school sports
- sometimes there little distinction between amateur and profressional
- funding is a key issue
- the need to compete internaitoanlly requires funding to develop coaching and training
what are whole sport plans
- plans for all grass roots to elite
- they direct sport england funding and resources to NGBs
- help to identify the needs of NGB
- ‘mesure’ how well the NGB is doing in terms of increasing partcipation and international success
- share best practice with regions + partners
what do the EIS (english institute of sport) do
- make the best better
- provide outstanding facilites and scientifc support
- Provides ACE (career support, eg media training, coaching badges, diet and nutrition, sleep)
whats amateurism
- 19th century code
- sport follows set of rules
- codification - NGBs
- structured fairness
- moral values, fairplay, accepting decisions
- middle/upper class
- taking part
- god given abilities
whats sportmanship
- playing by the writen rules
- within code of fairness
- maintining fairness
- etiquette, unwritten rules
- declining in the modern era
whats gamesmanship
- ‘winning by cunning means’
- within the rules, but stretched them
- eg time wasting, sledging
whats deviancy
‘differing from the norms of society’
egs of devicancy
- violence
- win at all costs
- breaking the rules
- PED’s
- match fixing
positive deviency
- behaviour which is outside the norms of society but with no intent to harm or break the rules
- eg over training
- eg personal sacrifice
negative deviency
- when a person behaves in a way that breaks the rules or ethics of a sport
- PEDs
- Violence
- Cheating
- Match fixing
whats an eg of relative deviancy
eg a punch in boxing its a norm but in football its not
how do NGB’s prevent violence
- support officals
- promote role models
- fair play awards
- punish violence
- train officials
- video evidence
causes of violence in sport
- frustration
- social learning
- inheritance
- self identity
how to prevent violence
- manage volatile players
- educate
- avoid win at all cost
- role models
- manage arousal
- behaviour codes
-subsititute - team talks
what causes violence
- win ethic and high rewards
- importace of the event
- nature of the sport
- NGBs are too lienent with their punishments
- excitment and over arousal
- refeering descison
causes of spectator violence
- importance of event
- alcohol
- poor policing
- player violence reflected by fans
- verbal abuse from rival fans
- team losing
sollutions to stop spectator violence
- alcohol ban
- use of CCTV
- better police inteligance
- tougher deterrents
- earlier kick of times
- all seater stadiums, family stands, segregation
consequences of spectator violence
- clubs banned from events
- spectators can be banned/fined
- violence could lead to young peope not attending
- matchs behind closed doors
reasons for drugs in sport
- increase performance
- win at all cost
- able to train harder
- others are doing it
- pressure from coaches/teammates
- poor role models
consequences of drugs in sport
- increase in performnace
- fame/fortune
- banned
- stripped of awards/medals
- become a poor role model
- decrease in health
solutions to drugs in sport
- stricter punishments
- invest in testing
- stricter testing
- eduction
- research
what are anabolic steroids
- artifically produced hormones
- promote muscle growth, increased strength power
- can train for longer at higher intensity, decrease fatigue caused by training
- used by power athletes, sprinters, shot putter, anerboic performers
- liver damage
- heart and immune system problems
- acne and behaviour
- agression and mood swings
what are beta blockers
- used to improce accuracy in precision sports through stedying the nerves
- eg archery, snooker, golf
- tirnedness due to low blood pressure and slower HR
what are EPOs
- hormones which increase red blood cells
- more red blood cells, increase in o2 carrying capacity of body
- used by endurnace athletes
- blood clotting
- strokes
- death
