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Heart Rhythms > Concepts/Normal Rhythms > Flashcards

Concepts/Normal Rhythms Flashcards

0
Q

function of mechanical cells

A

contract resulting in blood flow to lungs and circulation

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1
Q

Function of electrical cells

A

generate PACEMAKER cells

conduct impulses/messages to mechanical cells

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2
Q

Primary pacemaker is

A

SA node

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3
Q

SA node generates electrical impulse of what

A

60-100 times a minute

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4
Q

What is the backup to the SA node

A

AV Junction

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5
Q

AV node’s function

A

It slows down conduction of the electrical impulse as it leaves the atria to enter the ventricles. This allows time for the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood.

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6
Q

The AV node slowing down and accounting for 30% of ventricle filling is call what

A

Atrial Kick/Packing

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7
Q

The slowing of conduction through AV node protects ventricles from what?

A

fast atrial rhythms (atrial tach is A-Rate of 180bpm, AV node slows ventricle down to make its V-rate 70 to improve cardiac output)

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8
Q

AV-Junction rate is what

A

40-60 times per minute

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9
Q

Ventricle Pacemaker sites rate it what

A

<40 times per minute

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10
Q

Which pacer site is not a backup

A

atrial

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11
Q

during depolarization there is movement of what two things inside cell

A

sodium and calcium

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12
Q

term used to describe when the electrical cells return to their resting or normal state

A

repolarization

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13
Q

what is the flat line on the EKG called

A

isoelectric line

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14
Q

which way does the wave go when impulse moves through heart towards the positive electrode

A

up

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15
Q

what direction does the line go when impulse moves away from positive electrode

A

negative (down)

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16
Q

whats line called when impulse moves toward the positive electrode and then away from the positive electrode

A

biphasic deflection

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17
Q

what is the most common lead to monitor the hearts rhythm

A

lead 2

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18
Q

what represents depolarization of the atria

A

p wave

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19
Q

what pacemaker sites make P waves

A

SA, Atrial, AV Jx

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20
Q

what represents the time the electrical impulse is passing through the AV Jx to the ventricles

A

PR segment

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21
Q

the PR segment is an isoelectric line bc electrical impulse is giving what the time to take place

A

atrial kick

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22
Q

what represents the time requires for the electrical impulse to depolarize the atria, travel through the AV node and BOH to the Vents

A

PRI

23
Q

normal PRI

A

0.12-0.20

24
Q

if you have a PRI, the time interval gives you what identification

A

the pacemaker site

25
Q

if PRI is atleast 0.12 what is the pacer site

A

SA node

26
Q

if PRI <0.12 what is pacer site

A

AV Jx

27
Q

if PRI is >.20 what does that mean

A

conduction delay in AV Jx and your AV node has a problem

28
Q

what represents depolarization of the ventricles

A

QRS

29
Q

what is first downward deflection from baseline of QRS?
what is first positive deflection?
what is negative deflection from baseline following the R wave?

A

Q
R
S

30
Q

QRS is measure from beginning of QRS complex to the what?

A

J point

31
Q

what is normal QRS

A

.10 or less

32
Q

what does QRS >.10 mean
if NO p waves what determines pacer site?
QRS normal means what pacer site?
QRS >.10 means what pacer site?

A

conduction delay in ventricles
QRS
AV Jx
Ventricles

33
Q

what represents the beginning of Vent repolarization

What represents the last phase of vent repolar

A

ST segment

T wave

34
Q

what is it called when the QRS meets the ST segment

A

J point

35
Q

What represents phase 3/4 of vent repolar

What represents phase 1/2

A

T wave

ST segment

36
Q

what measures how long it takes the vents to depolarize and repolarize?

A

QTI

37
Q

What makes the QTI vary?

A

Heart Rate
Gender
Age

38
Q

Drugs that alter QTI

A

Antiarrythmic
Psych drugs
Anesthesia

39
Q

How long should QTI be
Whats the number
a prolonged QTI can lead to what

A

Generally it should be LESS than the previous R-R interval
<.52 sec
Torsades

40
Q

formula for QTI calc

what is upper limit for this calculation

A

QT(in mSEC) + 1.75(VR-60)

0.419 seconds

41
Q

four pacemaker sites

A

SA (primary)
AV Jx (first backup)
Ventrical (3rd backup)
Atrial (renegade site-only fires when irritated and take over for SA)

42
Q

monitor only gives you what rate

A

ventricle

43
Q

when is a rhythm considered irregular ?

A

if the P-P and R-R varies 3 little blocks or more

44
Q

if rhythm has P waves measure PRI first
if PRI is atleast .12 think what?
if PRI less than 0.12 think what?

A

SA node or atria

Think AV Jx

45
Q

if rhythm has NO p waves measure the QRS width
if width is 0.10sec or less think what?
if width is >.10 think what ?

A

Av Jx

Vent

46
Q 
Look for conduction delay or heart block by 
PRI of what?
QRS of what?
P waves without what?
atrial rate that is what?
A

> .20
.10
QRS
greater than your V-rate

47
Q

look for premature beats by what?

A

premature P waves
premature J beats
Premature V beats

48
Q

isloectric line with no waves is

A

asytole

49
Q

What is going on in VFib?

A

multiple vent pacer cells firing

50
Q

a wavy baseline that has no p,qrs?

VFib may be preceded by what ?

A

vfib

PVCs, VTach, spontaneously

51
Q

atrial rate of 60-120

pri .12 or greater

A

NSR

52
Q

most common rhythm seen?

A

Sinus Tach

53
Q

atrial rate 101-150

pri .12 or greater

A

Sinus Tach

54
Q

AR-<60

PRI .12 or greater

A

Sinus Brady

55
Q

what describes an irregular NS, ST, SB?

P-P interval are what?

A

sinus arrhythmia

irregular - longest p-p interval and shortest p-p interval .12 seconds

56
Q

complete absence of P wave, QRS, T wave

A

Sinus block/pause/arrest

Heart Rhythms (8 decks)

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