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Concepts/Normal Rhythms Flashcards

0
Q

function of mechanical cells

A

contract resulting in blood flow to lungs and circulation

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1
Q

Function of electrical cells

A

generate PACEMAKER cells

conduct impulses/messages to mechanical cells

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2
Q

Primary pacemaker is

A

SA node

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3
Q

SA node generates electrical impulse of what

A

60-100 times a minute

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4
Q

What is the backup to the SA node

A

AV Junction

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5
Q

AV node’s function

A

It slows down conduction of the electrical impulse as it leaves the atria to enter the ventricles. This allows time for the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood.

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6
Q

The AV node slowing down and accounting for 30% of ventricle filling is call what

A

Atrial Kick/Packing

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7
Q

The slowing of conduction through AV node protects ventricles from what?

A

fast atrial rhythms (atrial tach is A-Rate of 180bpm, AV node slows ventricle down to make its V-rate 70 to improve cardiac output)

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8
Q

AV-Junction rate is what

A

40-60 times per minute

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9
Q

Ventricle Pacemaker sites rate it what

A

<40 times per minute

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10
Q

Which pacer site is not a backup

A

atrial

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11
Q

during depolarization there is movement of what two things inside cell

A

sodium and calcium

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12
Q

term used to describe when the electrical cells return to their resting or normal state

A

repolarization

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13
Q

what is the flat line on the EKG called

A

isoelectric line

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14
Q

which way does the wave go when impulse moves through heart towards the positive electrode

A

up

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15
Q

what direction does the line go when impulse moves away from positive electrode

A

negative (down)

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16
Q

whats line called when impulse moves toward the positive electrode and then away from the positive electrode

A

biphasic deflection

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17
Q

what is the most common lead to monitor the hearts rhythm

A

lead 2

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18
Q

what represents depolarization of the atria

A

p wave

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19
Q

what pacemaker sites make P waves

A

SA, Atrial, AV Jx

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20
Q

what represents the time the electrical impulse is passing through the AV Jx to the ventricles

A

PR segment

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21
Q

the PR segment is an isoelectric line bc electrical impulse is giving what the time to take place

A

atrial kick

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22
Q

what represents the time requires for the electrical impulse to depolarize the atria, travel through the AV node and BOH to the Vents

23
Q

normal PRI

24
if you have a PRI, the time interval gives you what identification
the pacemaker site
25
if PRI is atleast 0.12 what is the pacer site
SA node
26
if PRI <0.12 what is pacer site
AV Jx
27
if PRI is >.20 what does that mean
conduction delay in AV Jx and your AV node has a problem
28
what represents depolarization of the ventricles
QRS
29
what is first downward deflection from baseline of QRS? what is first positive deflection? what is negative deflection from baseline following the R wave?
Q R S
30
QRS is measure from beginning of QRS complex to the what?
J point
31
what is normal QRS
.10 or less
32
what does QRS >.10 mean if NO p waves what determines pacer site? QRS normal means what pacer site? QRS >.10 means what pacer site?
conduction delay in ventricles QRS AV Jx Ventricles
33
what represents the beginning of Vent repolarization | What represents the last phase of vent repolar
ST segment | T wave
34
what is it called when the QRS meets the ST segment
J point
35
What represents phase 3/4 of vent repolar | What represents phase 1/2
T wave | ST segment
36
what measures how long it takes the vents to depolarize and repolarize?
QTI
37
What makes the QTI vary?
Heart Rate Gender Age
38
Drugs that alter QTI
Antiarrythmic Psych drugs Anesthesia
39
How long should QTI be Whats the number a prolonged QTI can lead to what
Generally it should be LESS than the previous R-R interval <.52 sec Torsades
40
formula for QTI calc | what is upper limit for this calculation
QT(in mSEC) + 1.75(VR-60) | 0.419 seconds
41
four pacemaker sites
SA (primary) AV Jx (first backup) Ventrical (3rd backup) Atrial (renegade site-only fires when irritated and take over for SA)
42
monitor only gives you what rate
ventricle
43
when is a rhythm considered irregular ?
if the P-P and R-R varies 3 little blocks or more
44
if rhythm has P waves measure PRI first if PRI is atleast .12 think what? if PRI less than 0.12 think what?
SA node or atria | Think AV Jx
45
if rhythm has NO p waves measure the QRS width if width is 0.10sec or less think what? if width is >.10 think what ?
Av Jx | Vent
46
``` Look for conduction delay or heart block by PRI of what? QRS of what? P waves without what? atrial rate that is what? ```
>.20 >.10 QRS greater than your V-rate
47
look for premature beats by what?
premature P waves premature J beats Premature V beats
48
isloectric line with no waves is
asytole
49
What is going on in VFib?
multiple vent pacer cells firing
50
a wavy baseline that has no p,qrs? | VFib may be preceded by what ?
vfib | PVCs, VTach, spontaneously
51
atrial rate of 60-120 | pri .12 or greater
NSR
52
most common rhythm seen?
Sinus Tach
53
atrial rate 101-150 | pri .12 or greater
Sinus Tach
54
AR-<60 | PRI .12 or greater
Sinus Brady
55
what describes an irregular NS, ST, SB? | P-P interval are what?
sinus arrhythmia | irregular - longest p-p interval and shortest p-p interval .12 seconds
56
complete absence of P wave, QRS, T wave
Sinus block/pause/arrest

Heart Rhythms (8 decks)

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