Concepts In Chemistry - Organic Chemistry Flashcards
What are the key learning topics in Stereochemistry?
- Differentiating and recognising conjugated, isolated, and cumulated systems
- Stability of conjugated systems
- Types of isomerism: skeletal, positional, functional, and tautomers
- Conformational isomerism
- Stability of 3-6 membered ring systems
- Chair and boat conformations of 6 membered rings
- Geometric isomerism (cis/trans and E/Z)
What is the stability comparison between conjugated systems and other systems?
Conjugated systems are the most stable.
What types of isomerism should be recognised in stereochemistry?
- Skeletal
- Positional
- Functional
- Tautomers
What is conformational isomerism?
Different arrangements of atoms in space due to rotation about single bonds.
What is the significance of chair and boat conformations?
They are specific conformations of 6 membered ring systems.
What geometric isomerism terms are identified using the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog priority rules?
- cis/trans
- E/Z
How are cis and trans prefixes used for naming compounds?
Used when there are hydrogen atoms at both ends of a double bond.
What does ‘Z’ stand for in stereochemistry?
Zusammen (together)
What does ‘E’ stand for in stereochemistry?
Entgegen (opposite)
What is Rule 1 of the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Priority Rules?
Higher atomic number atoms take precedence over lower atomic number atoms.
What is Rule 2 of the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Priority Rules?
Consider the next atom away from the double bond if two atoms on the same end are the same.
What is Rule 3 of the Cahn-Ingold-Prelog Priority Rules?
Multiply bonded atoms are considered to be bonded by an equivalent number of single bonds to multiple atoms.
