Concepts & Authors Flashcards
Commodity Fetishism
Marx/Lukcas
- occurs when the consumer is not in touch with the process of production. (contributes to false concioussness, preveting individuals from recognicing the exploitive nature of capitalism)
Reification
Lukcas
- when you treat something immaterial — like happiness, fear, or evil — as a material thing.
- commodities and the capitlist system beome reified obscuring the underlying social relations and alienationg individuals from a true understanding of there condition
Class Concioussness
Lukcas
- the point when individuals recognize their class status or place economically against other individuals
Orthodox Marxism
focus on determinsim and positivism
western marxism
subjective experience and consciousness of individuals, acknowledging human agnecy in historical change
Ideology State Apparatuses (ISA’s) (Control through Ideology)
Althusser
- institutions that contribute to the reproduction of ideology (religion, education, familar, cultural, media)
- influence beliefs and values, maintian social order
Repressive State Apparatuses (RSA’s) (Control through Violence)
Althusser
- maintaining social order through force or repression (police, military, government)
Interpellation
Althusser
- how RSA’s and ISA’s work together
- the individual isn’t autonomous
- the individual is allows to accept/celebrate capitalist exploitation
Hegemony
Gramsci
a form of social control that extends beyond coersion and force - form of leadership that is based on the consent of the governed rather than soley on coersion
War of Position
Gramsci
long-term struggle within civil society to establish and consolidate hegemony (battle of ideas, values & cultural influence)
War of Maneuver
Gramsci
immediate, direct confrontions (political-military struggles)
Cruel Optimism
Berlant
as a form of attachment to a desired object or state of being that ultimately hinders ones well-being
Culture as a concept
Arnold
seeks to do away with classes, not bound, freedom of thorugh, state as organ of collective self
Cultural Hegemony
Williams
dominate classes shape and control cultural discourse to maintain their social and political power
Cultural Materialism
Williams
emphaizes the material conditions of soceity and their influence on culture.
explores connections between economic and cultural changes, rejecting a strict seperation between material and symbolic realms
The Field of Cultural Production
Bourdieu
value and rewards (in one sense) disinterestdness (art for arts sake, indiference to the probability of art making)
The economic world reversed
Bourdieu
values and rewards interest, and so interesdness as a dispostion
Culture Industy
Adorno & Horhiemer
- TV, film - moved knowledge, promotion of a classless soceity
Habitus
the individuals resources, their “capital” (economic, social , cultural)
Doxa
rules of the space/field
Standardization
their is a commodity for everyone, illusion of choice
Hegemonic Enterprises
mass media - illusions of being bias free
english language - language of the educated
franchising - forgein production
The illusion of the Epoch
Karl Marx
“The Fetishism of Commodities, and the Secret thereof”
Karl Marx
Introduction, the proletariat, labour movements
Fredrich Engel
History and Class Conciousness
George Lukcas
- Reification
- commodity fetishism
- OTHODOX MARXISM
- WESTERN MARXISM
-Idelogy and Ideological State Apparatuses
Loius Altusser
- ISA (education as primary)
- RIS
Interpellation
Hegemony, Relations of Force, Historical Bloc
Antonio Gramsci
- Hegemony
- Historical Bloc
War of position and war of maneuver
Historical Bloc
coalition of scial groups and classes, particular form of hegemony
Culture and society
rayomond williams
- cultural hegemony (culture reenforces power structures)
