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Biology > Concepts and Connections > Flashcards

Concepts and Connections Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Biology

A

the study of life

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2
Q

Biosphere

A

all of earths environments that support life

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

all living organisms and nonliving physical things in a particular area and their interactions

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4
Q

community

A

organisms in an ecosystem

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5
Q

population

A

interacting group of individuals in a species

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6
Q

organism

A

an individual in a species

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7
Q

organ system

A

several organs that work together to perform a certain function

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8
Q

organ

A

a collection of tissues that carry out a special function of the body

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9
Q

cell

A

a unit of living matter seperated from its environment by membrane. It is the lowest level of structure that can perform all activities required for life

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10
Q

organelle

A

a structure that performs a specific function in a cell

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11
Q

molecule

A

two or more atoms held together by a covalent bond

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12
Q

atom

A

the smallest particle of matter

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13
Q

producers

A

organisms that produce their own food using photosynthesis

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14
Q

consumers

A

organisms that gain energy and nutrients by feeding on other organisms and their remains

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15
Q

decomposers

A

organisms that decompose the remains of dead organisms and change them to chemical nutrients for plants

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16
Q

A cell can…

A
  • reproduce
  • develop and maintain organization
  • take in and use energy
  • respond to its surroundings
  • regulate its internal environment
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17
Q

emergent properties

A

new properties that emerge with each step up on hierarchy of life

18
Q

system

A

a combination of components

19
Q

eukaryotic cells

A

the larger and more complex of the two cells. nucleus and membrane bound organelles

20
Q

prokaryotic cells

A

smaller and more simple cells that lack a nucleus and most organelles

21
Q

DNA

A

two long chains in a double helix made of four kinds of chemical building blocks found in cell’s nucleus; the genetic material that carries informyabout an organism and is passed from parent to offspring

22
Q

Properties of Living Organisms

A
  1. Order
  2. Regulation of internal environment
  3. Growth and development from inherited genes
  4. energy utilization
  5. response to environment
  6. reproduction
  7. evolution
23
Q

taxonomy

A

branch of biology that names and classifies species

24
Q

Domain

A

the largest taxonomic group. Bacteria, Archea and Eukarya

25
Q

Kingdom

A

second largest taxonomic group.

Animalia, Plantae, Protista, Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Fungi

26
Q

Eukaryotes

A

organisms with eukaryotic cells

27
Q

prokaryotes

A

organisms wih prokaryotic cells.

unicellular, microscopic and the most widespread of all organisms

28
Q

protists

A

single-celled and incredibly diverse organisms. make food and decompose food

29
Q

“On the Origin of Species By Means of Natural Selection”

A

The first book of Charles Robert Darwin. Explains evolution

30
Q

Theory

A

A widely accepted explanatory idea that is broad in scope and supported by large bodies of evidence

31
Q

Descent with Modification

A

process by which descendants of ancestral organisms spread into various habitats and accumulate adaptations to diverse ways of life.

32
Q

Natural Selection

A

this process occurs as heritable variations are exposed environmental factors that favor the reproductive success over others

33
Q

Inductive Reasoning

A

reasoning from detailed facts/large number of specific observations to general principles

34
Q

Hypothesis Based Science

A

A scientific approach that explains nature through the proposing and testing of hypotheses

35
Q

Hypothesis

A

an explanation on trial that will be tested

36
Q

Deductive Reasoning

A

The logic used in hypothesis-based science to come up with ways to test hypotheses. The reasoning flows from general premises to specific results (that you expect if true).

37
Q

Properties of Hypothesis

A

1) Testable
2) Falsifiable
3) Cannot be proven for certain
4) Gains credibility by surviving various attempts to falsify

38
Q

controlled experiment

A

An experiment designed to compare an experimental group with a control group. Ideally, the groups only differ in the one thing that the experiment is testing.

39
Q

goal of science

A

to understand natural phenomena

40
Q

goal of technology

A

to apply scientific knowledge for a specific purpose

Biology (2 decks)

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