Concepts

Question 1

Capitalism

Answer 1

an economic and political system in which a country’s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.

Question 2

Communism

Answer 2

a socioeconomic system structured upon common ownership of the means of production and characterized by the absence of social classes, money, and the state; as well as a social, political and economic ideology and movement that aims to establish this social order.

Question 3

Fascism

Answer 3

an authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.

Question 4

Nazism

Answer 4

Like fascism. Promotes racism and hatred towards certain social classes and groups.

Question 5

Socialism

Answer 5

a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole

Question 6

Authoritarianism

Answer 6

a form of government characterized by absolute or blind obedience to authority, as against individual freedom and related to the expectation of unquestioning obedience.

Question 7

Totalitarianism

Answer 7

The state holds total authority over the society and seeks to control all aspects of public and private life wherever possible.

Question 8

Autocracy

Answer 8

a system of government by one person with absolute power.

Question 9

Theocracy

Answer 9

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god

Question 10

Monarchy

Answer 10

a form of government with a monarch at the head.

Question 11

Republic

Answer 11

a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

Question 12

Oligarchy

Answer 12

a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.

Question 13

Liberal Democracy

Answer 13

a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of liberalism, i.e. protecting the rights of the individual, which are generally enshrined in law.

Question 14

Social Democracy (Socialism)

Answer 14

a socialist system of government achieved by democratic means.

Question 15

Federalism

Answer 15

A system of government in which power is divided between a national (federal) government and various regional governments.

Question 16

Confucianism

Answer 16

a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.

Question 17

Free-Market

Answer 17

a market-based economy where prices for goods and services are set freely by the forces of supply and demand and are allowed to reach their point of equilibrium without intervention by government policy, and it typically entails support for highly competitive markets and private ownership

Question 18

Planned Economy

Answer 18

an economy in which production, investment, prices, and incomes are determined centrally by a government.

Question 19

Social Welfare State

Answer 19

A welfare state is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens

Question 20

Conservatism

Answer 20

a political and social philosophy promotes retaining traditional social institutions in the context of the culture and civilization.

Question 21

Liberalism

Answer 21

a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and equality

Question 22

Libertarianism

Answer 22

an extreme laissez-faire political philosophy advocating only minimal state intervention in the lives of citizens.

Question 23

Secularism

Answer 23

the principle of the separation of government institutions and persons mandated to represent the state from religious institutions and religious dignitaries.

Question 24

Sectarianism

Answer 24

bigotry, discrimination, or hatred arising from attaching importance to perceived differences between subdivisions within a group, such as between different denominations of a religion, class, regional or factions of a political movement.

Question 25

Anarchy

Answer 25

absence of government and absolute freedom of the individual, regarded as a political ideal.

Question 26

Parliament

Answer 26

A national representative body having supreme legislative powers within the state.

Question 27

President

Answer 27

the elected head of a republican state.

Question 28

Prime Minister

Answer 28

the head of an elected government; the principal minister of a sovereign or state.

Question 29

Despot

Answer 29

a ruler or other person who holds absolute power, typically one who exercises it in a cruel or oppressive way.

Question 30

Dictator

Answer 30

a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force.

Question 31

Junta

Answer 31

a military or political group that rules a country after taking power by force.

Question 32

Coup

Answer 32

a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government

Question 33

Legislature

Answer 33

the legislative body of a country or state. Makes the laws.

Question 34

Judiciary

Answer 34

the judicial authorities of a country; judges collectively. Judges under the constitution and the laws made by the other branches of government.

Question 35

Bureaucracy

Answer 35

a system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.

Question 36

Head of Government

Answer 36

a generic term used for either the highest, or second highest, official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony who often presides over a cabinet.
Every dad-to-day duties.

Question 37

Head of State

Answer 37

the chief public representative of a country, such as a president or monarch, who may also be the head of government.
Represents nationally and internationally.

Question 38

Freedom

Answer 38

the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.

Question 39

Equality

Answer 39

the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities.