Concepts Flashcards
Edible material needed by animal for growth, health, and reproduction.
Feed
Feed given to animals for one day
Ration
Animals possessing compound stomach
Ruminants
Animals with simple stomach
Non-ruminants
Substances needed by animals to sustain life
Nutrients
Feed with high fiber content and low protein
Roughage
Feed with high protein content and low fiber
Concentrates
Feed material for ruminant animals, either fresh or dry, but usually cereals
Fodder crops
Fermented forage crops
Silage
Fresh forage crops
Soilage
Any feed constituent which may function in the nutritive support of the animal
Nutrient
Any feed low (below 20%) in crude fiber and high (over 60%) TDN on an air-dry basis
Concentrate
Any feed high (over 20%) in crude fiber and low (under about 60%) in TDN, on an air-dry basis.
Roughage
Most basic nutrient because of its active and structural participation in life.
Water
It is the cheapest nutrient required in largest amount. Animals will die if deprived of water than food.
Water
Three neutral chemical compounds of carbohydrates
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
Example of carbohydrates
Starch
Energy storage for plants
Starch
Main component of all plants and many seeds
Carbohydrates
Three common carbohydrates
Monosaccharides, polysaccharides, disaccharides
Types of monosaccarides
Glucose, fructose, galactose
Types of disaccharides
Sucrose, maltose, lactose
Types of polysaccharides
Starch, glycogen, cellulose
Primary form utilized for energy
Glucose
Another term for glucose
grape sugar
Sweetest among the naturally occurring carbohydrates
Fructose
Another term for fructose
fruit sugar
Component of milk sugar
Galactose
Commonly used as food sweetener
Sucrose
“cane or beet sugar”
Sucrose
Used in the manufacture of beer or scotch whiskey
Maltose
“malt sugar”
Maltose
“milk sugar”
Lactose
Imparts a sweet faint taste in milk
Lactose
Reserve carbohydrate in plants, primary energy source of animals
Starch
Essential in energy metabolism
Glycogen
“animal starch”
Glycogen
Most abundant single polymer in plant kingdom
Cellulose
Complex organic compounds of high molecular weight
Protein
Components of protein
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur
Found in all living cells, where they are intimately connected with all phases of activity that constitutes the life of the cell.
Protein
Other examples of protein
Collagen, elastin, keratin, albumin, and globulin
Components of biological membranes
Fats
Serves as electron carriers
Fats
Substrates to enzymatic reactions
Fats
Sources and storage of energy
Fats
Kinds of fats
Oils, phospholipids, waxes, steroids, eicosanoids
