Concepts

Question 1

What is a microservices architecture?

Answer 1

It is an architectural style that structures the application as a collection of loosely coupled services. Every service implements a specific business capability.

Question 2

What are the main characteristics of microservices?

Answer 2

Single Responsibility Principle, decentralized data management, independently deployable, lightweight communication, and automated deployment.

Question 3

Name two common communication protocols used in microservices.

Answer 3

HTTP/REST and gRPC.

Question 4

What is the Single Responsibility Principle in microservices?

Answer 4

Each microservice is responsible for a single business capability and performs one function.

Question 5

What are the benefits of using a microservices architecture?

Answer 5

Scalability, flexibility, resilience, faster time-to-market, and improved maintainability.

Question 6

List some challenges of microservices.

Answer 6

Management complexity
Security complexity,
Data consistency,
network latency,
deployment overhead,
and monitoring and debugging complexity

Question 7

What is service discovery in microservices?

Answer 7

A mechanism that enables services to find and communicate with each other dynamically, often using a registry like Consul or Eureka.

Question 8

What is an API Gateway in Microservices?

Answer 8

A server that acts as an API front-end, receiving API requests, enforcing throttling and security policies, passing requests to the back-end service, and then passing the response back to the requester.

Question 9

Why is containerization important in microservices?

Answer 9

It allows each microservice to run in its own isolated environment, improving deployment consistency, scalability, and resource efficiency.

Question 10

What tools are commonly used for container orchestration in microservices?

Answer 10

Docker and Kubernetes.

Question 11

What is the Circuit Breaker Pattern in Microservices?

Answer 11

A design pattern used to detect failures and encapsulate the logic of preventing a failure from constantly recurring, allowing microservices to fail gracefully.

Question 12

What is Domain-Driven Design (DDD) and what is its role in microservices?

Answer 12

DDD is a design approach focusing on modeling the business domain, which helps to define the boundaries and responsibilities of microservices.

Question 13

What is continuous integration/continuous deployment (CI/CD) in microservices?

Answer 13

CI/CD is a practice where code changes are automatically tested and deployed to production, facilitating rapid and reliable delivery of microservices.

Question 14

How do microservices handle data management?

Answer 14

Microservices often use decentralized data management where each service manages its own database to ensure loose coupling and independent scalability.

Question 15

Give examples of companies using a microservices architecture.

Answer 15

Netflix, Amazon, and Uber.

Question 16

What are some popular monitoring tools for microservices?

Answer 16

Prometheus and Grafana.

Question 17

What is the role of messaging systems in microservices?

Answer 17

Messaging systems like Kafka and RabbitMQ facilitate communication and data exchange between microservices, enabling decoupling and asynchronous processing.

Question 18

Explain the concept of “independently deployable” in microservices.

Answer 18

Each microservice can be deployed, updated, and scaled independently without affecting other services, allowing for continuous delivery and deployment.

Question 19

What is decentralized data management?

Answer 19

Each microservice has its own database, which ensures services are loosely coupled and can evolve independently.

Question 20

Why is monitoring and logging critical in microservices?

Answer 20

To ensure visibility into the system’s performance, detect issues early, and provide traceability for debugging and analysis.