Concepts Flashcards
Autonomy
The right the patient has to make decisions according to their beliefs.
Fiduciary Duty
LEGAL duty to act in another party’s interest.
Competence
The ABILITY to make a specific decision for ONESELF as determined by the COURTS.
Capacity
The ABILITY to make a specific decision for ONESELF as determined by the CLINICIANS
What are the four principles of Medical Ethics?
Autonomy
Beneficence
Non-maleficence
Justice
What is the principle of Beneficence?
Obligation to provide benefit to the patient, based on what is considered to be their best interests.
What is the principle of Non-Maleficence?
Obligation to avoid causing harm to the patient.
Justice
Fair distribution of benefits and harms within a community
What is the best way to provide a good therapeutic relationship?
By a full and open exchange of information between patient and physician.
If suspected Child abuse, who do you report to?
Child’s Aid Society
Who do you report to in case of Communicable disease?
The LOCAL public health authority.
Who do you report if someone is unfit to drive or fly?
To the PROVINCIAL Ministry of Transportation.
What is the duty to warn?
The obligation that physicians have to reveal someone’s motives to actively harm a third party.
Consent
Autonomous authorization of a medical intervention by a patient.
What are the characteristics of valid consent?
1 - Voluntary (free of coercion)
2 - Capable (patient must be able to understand and appreciate the nature and effect of treatment)
3 - Specific (relating to only of treatment or procedure)
4 - Informed (there must have been sufficient information and time to allow the patient to choose according to their wishes)
What 5 things should be provided in order to adequately inform the patient about a procedure?
1 - The nature of treatment
2 - The proposed outcomes/effects
3 - All significant risks
4 - Alternative treatments
5 - Answer any doubts the patient may have.
What is a practical and simple assessment of a patient’s capacity?
Can the patient recite back to you what you have disclosed to them in their own words?
Description of palliative care
Care aimed towards maximizing quality of life for the patient, family and loved ones through the prevention and relief of SUFFERING, including treating pain, physical and psychosocial concerns.
*What are the 7 CanMEDS competencies?
1 - Communicator
2 - Collaborator
3 - Health advocate
4 - Leader
5 - Professional
6 - Scholar
7 - Medical Expert
What are the three principles of research Ethics?
1 - Beneficence
2 - Justice
3 - Respect for Persons
What are the 5 main points of being a MEDICAL EXPERT?
1 - To provide high-quality, safe and patient-centered care.
2 - Maintain their knowledge up-to-date
3 - Be within their scope of practice, and understand the limits of their expertise.
4 - Have a decision-making process that is backed-up by best practices and research evidence.
5 - Actively contribute to the continuous improvement of health care quality and patient safety.
What are the 4 main points of being a COMMUNICATOR?
1 - To adequately explore the patient’s symptoms by ACTIVELY listening to the patient’s experience of their illness.
2 - To explore their Fears, ideas and concerns, as well as their expectations about the treatments.
3 - To integrate their knowledge into the patient’s context.
4 - To provide a shared decision-making strategy
What are the 5 main points of being a COLLABORATOR?
1 - To work effectively with other health care professionals to provide the best care possible.
2 - To build relationships based in trust, respect and shared-decision making among the professionals with complementary skills.
3 - To share knowledge.
4 - Be willing to learn together.
5 - Hand over the care of a patient to another professional to facilitate the CONTINUITY of safe patient care.
What are the 4 main points of being a LEADER?
1 - To engage with others to contribute to a VISION of the best health care system possible.
2 - To demonstrate collaborative leadership within the health care system.
3 - To work to continuously improve the healthcare system.
4 - To apply evidence and management processes to achieve cost-appropriate care.
What are the 4 main points of being a HEALTH ADVOCATE?
1 - To contribute with their expertise and influence to improve health within the communities.
2 - Work alongside patients to understand their needs and support the mobilization of resources.
3 - Promote healthy habits by influencing the system.
4 - To engage with other health care professionals, administrators and even politicians.
What are the 3 main points of being a SCHOLAR?
1 - To have a LIFELONG commitment to EXCELLENCE in practice.
2 - To dedicate yourself to continuous learning by teaching, evalutating evidence and contributing to scholarship.
3 - To actively seek feedback in the interest of quality and patient safety.
What is the main point of being a PROFESSIONAL?
To maintain the highest standards of ethical practices, behaviour, accountability to the profession and physician-led regulations.
What is integrity?
The ability to carry out the ethical principles in our daily lives and activities.
What is honesty?
Showing respect towards others, having integrity and self-awareness.
What is humility?
Having an awareness of moral fallibility.
