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EDUC2425 Psychological Principles of Classroom Management > Concept test > Flashcards

Concept test Flashcards

1
Q

When was corporal punishment totally banned from used in WA schools?

A

2015

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2
Q

What is a Schema and who was it created by?

A

A category of information created by Jean Piaget

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3
Q

There is a relationship between…

A

Thinking, perceiving, feeling, learning and behaving

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4
Q

List the four overarching philosophies of learning and behaviour management

A

Behaviourism, cognitivism, social contextualism (social constructivism), humanism

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5
Q

Describe behaviourism

A

Behaviour is the result of experience. Change occurs as result of external stimuli.

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6
Q

Describe how behaviourism is used in behavioural management

A

Change occurs as result of external stimuli therefore, changing the environment changes the external stimuli

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7
Q

Describe cognitivism

A

Learning is making meaning of information given to us via language and the senses. Internal thinking processes are important.
Changes in behaviour are observed, but only as an indication of what is occurring inside the learner’s head.

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8
Q

Describe how cognitivism is used in behavioural management

A

Help children to develop skills and capacities to reflect on problems and correct their own behaviour.
Major emphasis on children developing understanding and insight.
Emphasise intrinsic reinforcement.

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9
Q

Distinguish between behaviourism and cognitivism

A 
Behaviourism= external stimuli
Cognitivism= actions are a consequence of thinking (internal stimuli)
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10
Q

Describe social contextualism (social learning theory)

A

Children’s behaviour is largely contextually dependent. Children imitate the models they observe (Bobo doll experiment)

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11
Q

Describe how social contexualism is used in behaviour management

A

Positive group work is beneficial for learning
Learning and behaviour is the result of interaction between people and environment
Model what you teach (teach by modelling)

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12
Q

Describe humanism

A

Learning is the acquisition of positive self-regard as a result of success
Self esteem

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13
Q

Describe how social humanism is used in behaviour management

A

Consider affective needs in education (e.g. love, belonging, having needs met)
Encourage self-directed learning (move from extrinsic to intrinsic reinforcement

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14
Q

Who created the Behaviour Modification Model?

A

B.F. Skinner

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15
Q

Describe the Behaviour Modification Model

A

Using positive and negative reinforcement and punishment to encourage or discourage behaviour.
Positive punishment means something is ADDED that makes behaviour LESS likely to continue or to occur again. Unpleasant consequence is introduced to discourage their behaviour.
Positive reinforcement means something is ADDED that makes the behaviour MORE likely to continue or reoccur. A pleasant or desired consequence is introduced to encourage behaviour.
Negative punishment means something is REMOVED or taken away that makes the behaviour LESS likely to continue or reoccur. Something they want is removed in order to discourage their behaviour.
And negative reinforcement means something is TAKEN AWAY that makes the behaviour MORE likely to continue or reoccur. Something unpleasant is removed to encourage their behaviour.

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16
Q

List some key cognitivist theorists

A

Jean Piaget (schemas), Lev Vygotsky (zone of proximal development), William Glasser (choice theory)

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17
Q

Describe Glasser’s choice theory

A

Glasser believes that all student behaviours are driven by a desire to satisfy 5 genetic needs:

  1. Survival, safety & security
  2. Love, belonging and acceptance
  3. Personal power, competence & achievement
  4. Freedom, independence, autonomy
  5. Fun and learning

Glasser believes that children can be TAUGHT about these needs as well as responsible ways to satisfy them
Hold classroom meetings, be a leader not a boss, expect 100% from every student, reasoning with students, encourage development of internal locus of control

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18
Q

Who created the choice theory?

A

William Glasser

19
Q

What does Cognitivism look like in the classroom?

A

Teacher helps students to control their own behaviour rather than controlling student behaviour with external reinforcement alone

20
Q

Who is the “father of social learning theory”

A

Albert Bandura

21
Q

Who’s models are based on the theory of humanism?

A

Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow

22
Q

What is the name of Carl Roger’s model?

A

Person-centred approach

23
Q

Describe the person-centred approach

A

Based on the belief that humans have one basic motive, to self-actualise (achieve their best)

24
Q

Describe the needs motivated approach

A

Basic needs must be met, especially in early life, so that the development of meta-needs (growth needs) may ensue.

25
Q

Who created the needs motivated approach

A

Abraham Maslow

26
Q

List some key huamistic teacher strategies for facilitating behaviour management

A

Let children know that they have worth.
Provide opportunities for success.
Don’t allow children to run away from developing coping skills.
Take time to have a chat about behaviour (not just correction of behaviour)
Failure = bad score; not bad child! (not ‘you’re a failure’; but ‘the performance result is a fail’).
Develop a positive classroom climate.
Facilitate rather than direct or order.
Provide a supportive environment of empathy & acceptance.
Take serendipitous (fortuitous) opportunities to bolster student self-esteem

27
Q

Who created the assertive discipline model?

A

Lee & Marlene Canter

28
Q

Describe the assertive discipline model

A

Obedience-based discipline approach to classroom management developed. It involves a high level of teacher control in the class. It is also called the “take-control” approach to teaching, as the teacher controls their classroom in a firm but positive manner.

29
Q

Describe the three principles of assertive discipline

A
  1. The non-assertive style=
    - Fail to clearly define what they want and what behaviour they will not accept
    - Fail to back up their words with appropriate actions/consequences
  2. The hostile style=
    - Address students abusively, use derogatory remarks and lose their temper
    - Commonly ‘put down’ their students - tell them that they are dumb or never act their age
    - Sometimes they make overt or implied threats of violence “you’ll pay for that”
  3. The assertive style=
    - Teacher clearly communicate their wants and feelings to students and indicate willingness to back up their words with actions if necessary
    - Ensures great compliance with their demands and expectations as long as they are necessary
    - Give explicit directions to students such as “stop running in the hallway and walk”
30
Q

List the corrective strategies for the assertive discipline model

A
  1. Create positive student-teacher relationships
  2. Establish rules or expectations
  3. Track misbehaviour
  4. Use negative consequences to enforce limits
  5. Implement a system of positive consequences
  6. Establish strong parent support
31
Q

Who created the democratic discipline model?

A

Rudolf Dreikers

32
Q

Describe the principles of the democratic discipline model

A

Based on three main points:

  1. Try to understand why a student is behaving in a particular way as this will influence the design of the teacher’s response to it.
  2. Allow students to have some say in decisions that affect them, whether it is a choice of consequences for behaviour, what they will study or how they will govern themselves.
  3. Be a kind, responsible, accepting person who models for students the behaviour that is expected of them
33
Q

Describe the three teaching styles according to Dreikurs

A 
Autocratic= force their will on their student
Permissive= no logical consequences for misbehaviour
Democratic= teachers offer firm guidance but do not promote rebellion
34
Q

List some of Dreikurs preventive strategies

A 
Understand teaching style
Use encouragement
Establish logical consequences
Stimulate classroom discussions
Look at other preventive strategies
35
Q

List some general classroom management strategies

A 
Set clear assignments
Ensure students are on task
Stimulate students' interest
Guide students' learning
Minimising disruptions
Seating students
Arranging the furniture
Working in the action zone
Setting routines
36
Q

Who created the pain model?

A

Patrick Connor

37
Q

Describe the theoretical basis of the pain model

A

Unemployment, homelessness, skill-lessness, meaninglessness, domestic violence, abuse, chemical addiction or imbalances cause a psychological pain that is termed ‘pain’.

38
Q

Describe the principles of the pain model

A
  1. Acknowledging that the student is in pain and responding in an appropriate manner to relieve the pain
  2. Value persons including students, parents and teachers
39
Q

List some corrective strategies of the pain model

A
  1. Relieving the pain and calming the student
  2. Re-skilling the student
  3. Reconstructing self-esteem
  4. Developing agreements
  5. Self-managing log
  6. Adjunctive therapies
  7. collaborating with parents
  8. Referring to professionals those problems that need expert assistance
40
Q

Who created the teacher effectiveness training model?

A

Thomas Gordon

41
Q

Describe the teacher effectiveness training model

A

Based on the principle that good teaching makes a connection between the teacher and the learner. This connection is based on good communication and, therefore, much of this model is directed towards improving teachers’ communication skills that, ultimately, will improve relationships and academic learning

42
Q

Define an I-message

A

A teacher tells their feelings can be preventive (change behaviour in some way) or confronting

43
Q

Who created the positive behaviour leadership model?

A

Bill Rogers

44
Q

Describe the principles of positive behaviour leadership model

A
  1. Express joint rights and responsibilities in the rules
  2. Minimise unnecessary confrontation and embarrassment
  3. Promote the use of appropriate choices
  4. Discipline respectfully
  5. Communicate expectations positively

EDUC2425 Psychological Principles of Classroom Management (4 decks)

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