concept review

Question 1

three types of neurons in the nervous system

Answer 1

afferent - sensory
efferent- motor
interneurons= everything in between

Question 2

Reflex Arc

Answer 2

ability of interneurons in the spinal cord to relay information to the source of stimuli while simultaneously routing the brain.

Question 3

Central Nervous System

Answer 3

brain spinal cord

Question 4

peripheral nervous system

Answer 4

crainal and spinal nerves

somatic and automatic
automatic= sympathetic and para

Question 5

three main brain divisions

Answer 5

hindbrain- cerebellum, medulla oblongata, reticular formation
midbrain- inferior and superior colluculi
forebrain- thalamus, hypothalamus, basal ganglia, limbic system, and cerebral cortex

Question 6

methods of studying brain in humans

Answer 6

electroencephalography

regional cerebral blood flow

Question 7

parts of the forebrain

Answer 7

thalamus= relays sense
hypothalamus= maintains homeostasis and integrates with the endocrine system through the hypophyseal portal system that connects it to the anterior pituitary
basal ganglia= smoothen movements and helps maintain postural stability. Extraprymidial motor cortex main center of gracefullness
limbic system= septil nuclei (involved in feeling and pleasure, pleasure seeking behaviors, and addictions) , amygdala (fear and aggression), and hippocampus (consolidates memory and communicates with the other parts of the limbic system through the fornix), controls emotions and memory.
cerebral cortex= frontal (executive function, impulse control, long term planning, motor function and speech production) parietal (sensation such as touch pressure temperature and pain, spatial orientation and manipulation), occipital lobe (visual processing), and temporal lobe (sound processing speech perception and memory and emotion)

Question 8

cerebral hemisphere

Answer 8

left and right. Most individuals left dominant for language

Question 9

Neurotransmitters

Answer 9

released by neurons to carry a signal to another neuron or effector ( a muscle fiber or a gland)

Question 10

ach

Answer 10

somatic nervous system to move muscles

parasympathetic and central= alertness

Question 11

dopamine

Answer 11

smooth and steady posture

Question 12

enodorphins enkephalins

Answer 12

natural pain killers

Question 13

epinephrine and noraepinephrine

Answer 13

maintain wakefulness and alertness and mediate fight or flight response
epi acts more as a hormone and noraepi acts more like a neurotransmitter

Question 14

GABA

Answer 14

gamma amino buturic acid brain stabalizer

Question 15

serotonin

Answer 15

mood, sleep patterns, eating patterns, and dreaming

Question 16

neuropsychology

Answer 16

the study of the connection between the nervous system and behaviors. It most often focuses on the functions of various brain regions