Concept of Medication Administration

Question 1

Idiosyncratic Effect

Answer 1

An uncommon, unexpected or individual medication response thought to result from a genetic predisposition.
Ex: Pt given med that typically causes drowsiness, instead pt becomes hyperactive.

Question 2

Synergistic Effect

Answer 2

A result of the action of 2 Medications combined, either to potentiate, block or alter the effects of either or both medications when use separately. These interactions are typically predictable and sometimes beneficial.

Question 3

1 Pint

Answer 3

= 16 fl oz

Question 4

Tbsp to fl oz calculations

Answer 4

2 tbsp = 1 fl oz

4 tbsp = 2 fl oz

Question 5

Absorption barrier for Intramuscular Medication

Answer 5

Medication is injected into muscle, it can’t be absorbed until it gets through the barrier of the walls of the capillaries that serve the muscle.

Question 6

Absorption barrier for Subcutaneous injection

Answer 6

Medication is injected into subcutaneous tissue, it can’t be absorbed until it gets through the barrier of the walls of the capillaries that serve the subcutaneous tissue.

Question 7

Absorption barrier Oral

Answer 7

Medication given orally it has to get through the layer of epithelial cells that lines the walls of the GI tract and through the walls of the capillaries that serve the GI tract.

Question 8

Absorption barrier for Intravenous Medication

Answer 8

None, medication is injected directly into the vein and instantaneously absorbed.

Question 9

AC

Answer 9

before meals

Question 10

PC

Answer 10

after meals

Question 11

SL

Answer 11

sublingually

Question 12

ID

Answer 12

intradermal

Question 13

IM

Answer 13

intramuscular

Question 14

top

Answer 14

topical

Question 15

P

Answer 15

after

Question 16

s

Answer 16

without

Question 17

susp

Answer 17

suspension

Question 18

liq

Answer 18

liquid

Question 19

2 categories of routes of adminstration

Answer 19

Parenteral and Nonparenteral

Question 20

Parenteral routes includes:

Answer 20

Intramuscular
Subcutaneous
Intradermal
Intravenous
Intrathecal
Epidural

Question 21

Nonparenteral routes includes:

Answer 21

Oral
Sublingual
Topical
Transdermal
Ophthalmic
Otic (?)
Nasal
Rectal
Vaginal

Question 22

Parenteral routes….

Answer 22

• Most direct and reliable method of administering medications while also providing the most rapid absorption.
• Used when the GI tract would absorb the meds ineffectively or when oral routes contraindicated.
• Disadvantages: risk of infection, tissue damage, pain and anxiety for pt.

Question 23

Nonparenteral Routes….

Answer 23

Potential to exert both a local and systemic effect.
Applied to skin or instilled into eye or ear canal are often administered for their local effect.
Advantages- ease and convenience.
Inappropriate if pt is nauseated, vomiting, decreased intestinal motility, restricted oral intake or can’t swallow.

Question 24

cc

Answer 24

cubic centimeter

Question 25

g or gm

Answer 25

gram

Question 26

gtt

Answer 26

drop

Question 27

mcg

Answer 27

microgram

Question 28

mEq

Answer 28

milliequivalent

Question 29

mg

Answer 29

milligram

Question 30

mL

Answer 30

milliliter

Question 31

mm

Question 32

mm

Answer 32

millimeter

Question 33

1 cup

1 glass

Answer 33

8 ounces

Question 34

1 inch

Answer 34

2.54 centimeters

Question 35

1 oz

Answer 35

30 milliliters

2 tablespoons

Question 36

16 ounces

Answer 36

1 pint

1 pound

Question 37

1 tablespoon

Answer 37

3 teaspoons

Question 38

1 teaspoon

Answer 38

5 milliliters

Question 39

1 centimeter = 10 millimeters
1 cubic centimeter = 1 milliliter
1 gram = 1,000 milligrams
1 kilogram = 1,000,000,000 micrograms
1 liter = 1,000 milliliters
1 meter = 1,000 milliliters or 100 centimeters
1 milligram = 1,000 micrograms
1 milliliter = 15 drops
1 teaspoon= 60 drops