Concept of Medication Administration Flashcards
Idiosyncratic Effect
An uncommon, unexpected or individual medication response thought to result from a genetic predisposition.
Ex: Pt given med that typically causes drowsiness, instead pt becomes hyperactive.
Synergistic Effect
A result of the action of 2 Medications combined, either to potentiate, block or alter the effects of either or both medications when use separately. These interactions are typically predictable and sometimes beneficial.
1 Pint
= 16 fl oz
Tbsp to fl oz calculations
2 tbsp = 1 fl oz
4 tbsp = 2 fl oz
Absorption barrier for Intramuscular Medication
Medication is injected into muscle, it can’t be absorbed until it gets through the barrier of the walls of the capillaries that serve the muscle.
Absorption barrier for Subcutaneous injection
Medication is injected into subcutaneous tissue, it can’t be absorbed until it gets through the barrier of the walls of the capillaries that serve the subcutaneous tissue.
Absorption barrier Oral
Medication given orally it has to get through the layer of epithelial cells that lines the walls of the GI tract and through the walls of the capillaries that serve the GI tract.
Absorption barrier for Intravenous Medication
None, medication is injected directly into the vein and instantaneously absorbed.
AC
before meals
PC
after meals
SL
sublingually
ID
intradermal
IM
intramuscular
top
topical
P
after
s
without
susp
suspension
liq
liquid
2 categories of routes of adminstration
Parenteral and Nonparenteral
Parenteral routes includes:
Intramuscular Subcutaneous Intradermal Intravenous Intrathecal Epidural
Nonparenteral routes includes:
Oral Sublingual Topical Transdermal Ophthalmic Otic (?) Nasal Rectal Vaginal
Parenteral routes….
- Most direct and reliable method of administering medications while also providing the most rapid absorption.
- Used when the GI tract would absorb the meds ineffectively or when oral routes contraindicated.
- Disadvantages: risk of infection, tissue damage, pain and anxiety for pt.
Nonparenteral Routes….
Potential to exert both a local and systemic effect.
Applied to skin or instilled into eye or ear canal are often administered for their local effect.
Advantages- ease and convenience.
Inappropriate if pt is nauseated, vomiting, decreased intestinal motility, restricted oral intake or can’t swallow.
cc
cubic centimeter
