Concept 3- Glucose Regulation

Question 1

euglycemia

Answer 1

considered normal/optimal glucose level

70-120 mg/dL

Question 2

hypergylcemia

Answer 2

elevated glucose levels
greater than 100mg/dL in fasting
greater than 140mg/dL in postprandial

Question 3

postprandial

Answer 3

2 hr after meal

Question 4

hypoglycemia

Answer 4

low blood glucose levels

less than 70 mg/dL

Question 5

S/S of hypoglycemia

Answer 5

weakness, hunger, diaphoresis, headache, irritability, tremor, seizure

Question 6

S/S of hyperglycema

Answer 6

3 P’s, dehydration, fatigue, fruity breath, poor wound healing, kussmaul breathing

Question 7

kussmaul breathing

Answer 7

labored breathing

Question 8

polyuria

Answer 8

more urine

Question 9

polyphagia

Answer 9

more hunger

Question 10

polydipsia

Answer 10

more thirst

Question 11

glycogenolysis

Answer 11

process of breaking down glycogen to increase blood glucose

Question 12

gluconeogenesis

Answer 12

process whereby nitrogen is taken from protein source to produce glucose

Question 13

counter-regulatory hormones

Answer 13

glucogen
epinephrine 
cortisol
growth hormone
norepinephrine

Question 14

insulin

Answer 14

produced by beta cells in the pancreas

Question 15

type 1

Answer 15

caused by absolute deficiency of insulin secretion
autoimmune
dependent on insulin injections

Question 16

type 2

Answer 16

develops progressively
insulin resistance
life style change, oral meds, injections

Question 17

hypoglycemia unawareness

Answer 17

no symptoms of hypoglycemia present

Question 18

Dawn phenomena

Answer 18

early-morning (usually between 2 a.m. and 8 a.m.) increase in blood glucose

Question 19

Somogyeffect

Answer 19

pattern of undetected hypoglycemia followed by hyperglycemia, high flux

Question 20

prediabetes range

Answer 20

100-126 mg/dL

Question 21

normal A1C level

Answer 21

below5.7percent