concept 1 Flashcards
what is a carbohydrate?
organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (startches)
what is an element?
a pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances
what is a fertilizer?
a substance that enriches soil so plants can grow better
what is an issue?
an important topic
what is a lipid?
organic molecules made up of atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (fats, oils)
what is nitrogen fixation?
process of changing free nitrogen
What is pollution?
a harmful change to the environment
what is protein?
Organic compounds that contain atoms of nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon
what does “organic” mean?
something that contains carbon
what does “inorganic” mean?
something that does not contain carbon
what is a nutrient?
an element or compound that every organism needs to live, grow, and reproduce
which type of nutrients are needed in large amounts?
macronutrients
which type of nutrients are needed in smaller amounts?
micronutrients
what are the four important classes of organic compounds?
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
what do you find when you use a biuret test?
proteins
what do you find when you use a Benedict solution test?
sugars (carbohydrates)
what do you find when you use a brown paper bag test?
lipids
what do you find when you use an iodine test?
starches (carbohydrates)
what does inorganic mean?
something that does not contain carbon
what does organic mean?
something that does contain carbon
what is diffusion?
the movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
what is osmosis?
the movement of water from areas with lots of water molecules to areas with fewer water molecules
what is ingestion?
the process of bringing food into our bodies
what is hydrolysis?
the process of breaking a substance down with water
what is photosynthesis?
the process of converting solar energy into chemical energy
what is cellular respiration?
the process of converting chemical energy into useable energy
what are the three different cycles in an ecosystem?
water, carbon, nitrogen
what is a substrate?
a material on which an organism lives or moves
what elements are in fertilizer?
nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (sometimes sulfur)
