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Unit 2 concept 1 > Concept 1 > Flashcards

Concept 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the characteristics of life?

A

Be composed of one or more cells
Contain either DNA or RNA genetic material
Be capable of growth (develop or become larger)

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2
Q

What is metabolism?

A

All chemical reactions of each cell in an organism that provide energy for life’s process and create key molecules like proteins

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3
Q

What’s a prokaryote?

A

Single celled (bacteria and arches)

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4
Q

What is a Eukaryote?

A

Organism who’s cell has a nucleus (animal, plant, fungi)

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5
Q

What is cell theory?

A

All living things are made of cells

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6
Q

What is unicellular?

A

Composed of one cell

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7
Q

What is multicellular?

A

Composed of many cells that may organized into tissues then organs then organ systems

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8
Q

What do all cells have?

A

Genetic material
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Ribosomes (makes their proteins)

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9
Q

What do all cells come from?

A

Other cells

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10
Q

What are organelles?

A

Specialized structure within the cell that work together to help the cell function

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11
Q

What do organelles make?

A

Proteins

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12
Q

What is cell (plasma) membrane?

A

Surrounds the outside of all cells
Made of 2 layers
Controls what goes in and out of the cell

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13
Q

What is the phospholipid bilayer?

A

2 layers of fats
Little fun guy
Proteins embedded for structure

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14
Q

What is cytoskeleton?

A

Gives the cell shape
Can also move organelles around
Provides support for animal cells without a cell wall

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15
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

Jelly like substance
Mainly made up of water
Hold everything in place

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16
Q

What is the Nucleus?

A

Contains DNA
Surrounded by nuclear envelope/membrane with powers that con rill what goes in and out

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17
Q

What is the nucleolus?

A

Inside the nucleus
Makes RNA which make up ribosomes

18
Q

What are Ribosomes?

A

Made of proteins and RNA
Located in rough ER and floating in cytoplasm
They make proteins

19
Q

What is Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum?

A

Has ribosomes on surface
Hugs the uncles
Makes portends
Packages portends for secretion
Rigid edges on model

20
Q

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Has no ribosomes on surface
Attached to rough ER
Makes lipids (membrane)

21
Q

What is Golgi apparatus?

A

Folded membrane
Gets vesicles pf portend form the ER
Processes, sorts and ships proteins where needed

22
Q

What are versicles?

A

Mini- carts that transport proteins around the cell

23
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

ANIMAL CELLS ONLY
Contain enzymes
Speed up biochemical reactions
Breaks down dead stuff
Can do programmed cell death (apoptosis)

24
Q

What are vacuoles?

A

Small and numerous in plant cells
Their job is storage

25
Q

What are centrioles?

A

ANIMAL CELLS ONLY
Made of microtubules
They appear during cell division
Help cell divide by pulling chromosomes apart

26
Q

What is Cilia?

A

Moves fluid across cells surface

27
Q

What is flagella?

A

moves entire cell through extracellular fluid

28
Q

What protects DNA?

A

The nucleus

29
Q

What destroys harmful stubstances or worn-out cell parts?

A

Lysosomes

30
Q

What is the large storage for water, food and wats ONLY IN PLANT CELLS?

A

Central vacuoles

31
Q

Wha is made of two layers of phospholipids and controls what moves in and out of the cell?

A

Cell (plasma) membrane

32
Q

What is where food is broken down during cell respiration so ATP can be release to be used by the cell?

A

Mitochondria

33
Q

What makes lipids?

A

Smooth ER

34
Q

What acts like a whip to move the entire cell?

A

Cilia and flagella

35
Q

What make ribosomes?

A

Nucleolus

36
Q

What processes proteins to be shipped?

A

Golgi apparatus

37
Q

What is covered with ribosomes and surrounds the nucleus?

A

Rough ER

38
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

Chloroplast

39
Q

What is made of micro tubules and helps the cell divide by pulling chromosomes apart?

A

Centrioles

40
Q

What is made of cellulose in plants, chitin in fungi and peptidoglycan in bacteria?

A

Cell Wall

41
Q

What transports proteins around the cell?

A

Vesicles

Unit 2 concept 1 (2 decks)

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