CON 600 - Quiz 1 Flashcards
What are the six moral ethical principles for counselors?
Beneficence - Do good Nonmaleficence - Do no harm Autonomy - Support independence Fidelity - Faithfulness Justice - Fairness/Equality Veracity - Be honest
What are the three phases of counseling?
Build a foundation of mutual trust and client understanding. Challenge the client to “try on” new ways of thinking, feeling and behaving. Facilitate change outside of the counseling relationship.
Specific procedures and techniques are less important than the ____ between the ____ and ____ .
alliance between the counselor and client
It is important to understand that it is the way in which a counselors attitudes and procedures are ____ by the ____ that makes the difference.
perceived by the client
What are the basic skills of counseling?
- Attending 2. Listening 3. Self-attending
What are advanced skills of counseling?
- Advanced empathy 2. Self-disclosure 3. Confrontation
What are some of he basic listening skills?
- Paraphrasing 2. Summarizing 3. Encouraging 4. Reflection of feelings 5. Open-ended questions
What are some attending skills?
- Observing body language 2. Eye contact 3. Distance 4. Vocal tone 5. Verbal tracking
What are some self-attending skills?
- Self-awareness 2. Centering and relaxing 3. Humor 4. Nonjudgmental attitude toward self 5. Nonjudgmental attitude towards others 6. Genuineness 7. Concreteness
Identifying feelings and meanings that are hidden or beyond the immediate reach of the client is an example of ____?
Advanced empathy
Giving expression and understanding to what only the client has implied is a way to show ____.
Advanced empathy
The skill of ____ challenges a client to look deeper at themselves.
Advanced empathy
As part of advanced empathy, we examine themes by looking at what three things?
Thinking Feeling Behavior
Professional counseling developed as a response to the ____ and ____ of the United States.
industrialization urbanization
Professional counseling was influenced by what other movements?
Vocational guidance Mental health counseling
Professional identity development and federal legislation helped to shape the ____ ____ field.
professional counseling
The history of the ____ and the development of ____ and ____ helped to shape the counseling profession.
ACA credentialing and professionalizing
Who was the “father” of the guidance counseling profession?
Frank Parsons
____ was interested in social reform and assisting people in making sound occupational choices, especially focusing on ____.
Parsons Immigrants
Who began advising students in educational and occupational options in the city of Grand Rapids, MI?
Jesse Davis
Certification for school vocational counselors began in Boston and New York during what decade?
1920s
Early mental health interventions were influenced by ____.
Psychologists
This woman advocated for humane mental health interventions in the early 1800s.
Dorothy Dixon
Clifford Beers wrote about what topic in his book “A Mind that Found Itself”?
What it was like to be institutionalized with a mental illness from his own personal experience.
What international event had a major impact on the development of aptitude testing?
WWI
Who introduced the idea of client vs. patient and believed that individuals had the capacity to explore themselves and to make decisions without an authoritative judgment from a counselor.
Carl Rogers
When did the ACA (then know as the American Personnel and Guidance Association) come into existence?
1952
What does professional accreditation provide and enhance?
Accountability
What is the current accreditation agency for professional counseling educational programs?
CACREP
What does certification as a professional counselor provide?
Board certification helps potential clients and members of the public recognize professionals who have voluntarily met standards set by the counseling profession.
What does licensure offer for a professional counselor?
It’s a credential authorized by a state legislature that regulates either title, practice or both of an occupational group.
What is the difference between title acts and practice acts?
Title acts are laws that define what a professional counselor is and isn’t (who can call themselves and LPC). Practice acts laws define the scope of professional practice.
Do all 50 states have professional licensure? If so, as of what year?
Yes. 2009.
Customs or norms within a broad cultural context. Some morals are shared while others are not.
Morals
Counselors have both personal and professional ____.
Values
When a counselor sets aside their personal values to work with a client, this is called?
Bracketing
Ethics can be defined as?
A set of professional values (as opposed to personal ones)
Ethics has its roots in the ____ Oath.
Hippocratic Oath
Believing that some principles are absolute no matter the circumstances or cultural context.
Ethical Absolutism
Believing that principles are relative and can depend on cultural context.
Ethical Relativism
An ethical system that judges whether an action is right or wrong based on a moral code and consequences of those actions are not taken into consideration.
Deontological Ethics
A Course of action should be taken by considering the most positive outcome and what is better for the greater good.
Utilitarian Ethics
Egoism focuses on ____ while altruism focuses on ____.
Self Interest Benefit to others
Principle ethics have their basis in ____ principles whereas virtue ethics involved both moral actions and ___ (virtues).
moral character traits
What are the three virtue ethical principles for counselors?
◦Integrity - do what is right
◦Discernment - know how to perceive ethical aspects, what principles to apply, and take decisive action.
◦Acceptance of Emotion - believe that emotions informs reaon.
Why is the ACA beneficial?
Gives toolbox of resources
Meet professional colleagues
Keep up with current relevant issues
Advocates for the profession
Opportunities for advocacy
What are four tenets of the philosophy underlying professional counseling?
Wellness
Developmental Perspective
Prevention and Early Intervention
Client Empowerment (Autonomy)
What are some of the counseling services available?
What are some of the areas of mental health wellness in the model created by Myers, Sweeney, and Witmer?
Family Relationships
Friendships
Professional Relationships
Career
Spirituality
Hobbies
Leisure Activities
Physcial Health
Living Environment
Financial
Sexuality
What are four components of multicultural competence?
Self-awareness
Knowledge
Skills
Action
All counseling is ____ ____.
multicultural
What are some of the “isms” of multicultural competence?
Racism
Sexism
Classism (socio-economic status)
Heterosexism
Ableism
Ageism
What is the conscience clause?
Some state laws allow counselors not to provide services for reasons of religion or conscience.
How many divisions, regions (in US), and branches comprise ACA? What countries are members, and what are the regions.
Divisions = 18
Regions = 4 - North Atlantic, Midwest, South, West
Branches = 56 - US, Europe, and Latin America
What is ACA’s mission?
To promote the professional development of counselors, advocate for the profession, and ensure ethical, culturally-inclusive practices that protect those using counseling services.
What are three current, state-level issues the governmental affairs committee is advocating for?
- Banning conversion therapy
- Portability
- Licensing
Currently, how much is a student ACA membership?
What are some of the main benefits for ACA student members?
- Free liability insurance
- Free subscription to Journal of Counseling & Development and Counseling Today
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