coms midterm

Question 1

who invented media ecology

Answer 1

Marshall McLuhan and Neil Postman

Question 2

what does media ecology study

Answer 2

Media ecology studies how media affects peoples perception of the world

Question 3

when was the telegraph invented

Answer 3

1840

Question 4

who and when invented radio

Answer 4

Gugielmo Marconi in 1895

Question 5

what is Psychoacoustics

Answer 5

the study of sound perception

Question 6

What is transmission model(or linear)

Answer 6

A to b model straight to the reader needle or bullet

Question 7

What is Interactional model(or convergence)

Answer 7

communication is not only one way. Key concepts for the interactional model => roles => Less message based there is dynamic between sender and receiver => feedback loops =>physical and psychological context

Question 8

what is Transactional model

Answer 8

more than messages just exganged. Creation of reality. Communication with the intent to create relationships, form alliances, create communities.

Question 9

what is Laswells model

Answer 9

this model asks a series of questions . Who? Says what? In which channel? To whom? With what effect?

Question 10

what is Shannon and Weaver model of communication

Answer 10

Message goes through transmitter(encoder) through channel to receiver(decoder), noise can interfere with the transmitting

Question 11

what is Berlo’s model

Answer 11

a sender delivering a message through a platform to a recipient. involves encoding, message, channel, decoding

Question 12

what is Osgood and Schramm model

Answer 12

they proposed that communication is circular rather that linear

Question 13

what is Westly and McClean model

Answer 13

also circular but included gatekeepers that can edit the message

Question 14

what is schemata

Answer 14

schemata is a rigid structure of thinking and interpreting based on our past experiences and background

Question 15

Barlunds model

Answer 15

A transactional model that says that we produce meaning in response to internal and external cues

Question 16

what is Self comparison theory of Leon Festinger

Answer 16

we are unable to self-judge our opinions and abilities accurately and instead rely on comparing ourselves to other people to form an evaluation.

Question 17

what is self-discrepancy theory

Answer 17

individuals compare their “actual” self to internalized standards or the “ideal/ought self”

Question 18

what is Social judgment theory

Answer 18

the way we form opinions and thoughts on certain issues depends on three main factors: our anchor, other alternatives, and ego-involvement

Question 19

what is two step flow

Answer 19

Message from media to influencers and from them to the audience

Question 20

Audience aka Reception theory by Stewart Hall

Answer 20

the message is not simply passively accepted by the audience, but is interpreted the meanings of the text based on their individual cultural background and life experiences. Has three readings: dominant, negotiated, and oppositional.

Question 21

Symbolic interaction by George mead

Answer 21

humans’ particular use of shared language to create common symbols and meanings

Question 22

Herbert Blumer’s theory

Answer 22

The three tenants of symbolic interaction of Blumer

Actions depend on meaning
Different people assign different meaning based on social interaction
Assigned meaning is not permanent

Question 23

what is Media consumer culture

Answer 23

Consumer culture are the shared experiences, symbols and norms that evolve in markets for consumer products.