computing

Question 1

what is abstraction

Answer 1

process of removing unnecessary detail from a problem

Question 2

what is decomposition

Answer 2

problem broken into sub problems

Question 3

binary vs linear search advantages

Answer 3

linear search is less efficient with large data sets
linear search is slow

Question 4

indefinite iteration

Answer 4

REPEAT
instructions
UNTIL Solved

Question 5

nested iteration example

Answer 5

WHILE NotSolved
instructions
FOR i <- i TO 5
ENDFOR
ENDWHILE

Question 6

what is mod

Answer 6

the remainder

Question 7

what is integer division

Answer 7

integer with no decimal

Question 8

records example

Answer 8

RECORD Car
make: String
model: String
reg: String
price: Real
noOfDoors: Integer
ENDRECORD

in python
from dataclasses import dataclass
@dataclass
class Party:
name: str
mps: int
colour: str

Question 9

how to import a random number

Answer 9

random.random()

Question 10

pseucodoe to authenticate user

Answer 10

REPEAT
username <- USERINPUT
password <- userinput
UNTIL ((username = ‘gower’ AND password = ‘abc’)
OR
(username = “lalala” AND password = 888”))

Question 11

what is sound

Answer 11

an analogue, it must be converted to a digital form for storage and processing in a computer

Question 12

what is a sample

Answer 12

a measure of amplitude at a point in time

Question 13

what is sampling rate and resolution

Answer 13

rate:
number of samples taken in a second, measured in hertz

resolution; number of bits per sample

Question 14

high level language

Answer 14

allows for programmers to write in a language that is easier to understand than low level language

Question 15

what is an interpreter

Answer 15

directly executes instructions without converting it into machine code

Question 16

compiler

Answer 16

translates high level language to machine code

Question 17

what’s assembler

Answer 17

converts assembly language to machine code

Question 18

what is arithmetic logic unit

Answer 18

calculator of CPU
(NOT, AND, OR)

Question 19

what is clock in CPU

Answer 19

Regulates number of cycles carried out per seconds

Question 20

what is control unit CPU

Answer 20

decodes instructions and tells each component what to do

Question 21

buses in CPU

Answer 21

wires which transport data between components

Question 22

registers in CPU

Answer 22

small and fast memory locators

Question 23

higher clock speed means

Answer 23

faster CPU (more cycles)

Question 24

more process cores in cpu means

Answer 24

more power to run programs at the same time.

however, doubling the number will not simply double a computers speed.

cores have to communicate through channels and this uses up some extra speed

Question 25

bigger cache size affects cpu how

Answer 25

improve system by reducing need for the processor to access slower main memory

Question 26

fetch execute cycle

Answer 26

fetch: instruction is fetched to the CPU from main memory

decode: instruction is decoded

execute: instruction is executed
this may include reading/writing from/to main memory

Question 27

what is RAM

Answer 27

volatile memory that is constantly being read from and written to

does not retain its contents without a supply of power

Question 28

what is ROM

Answer 28

non volatile
READ ONLY
content kept when computer is turned off

Question 29

rom vs ram

Answer 29

ROM is read only

slower access speed due to only needing it for short periods

usually lower capacity

Question 30

what is cache

Answer 30

small amount of RAM located on CPU itself

Question 31

what is register

Answer 31

small amounts of high speed memory in CPU