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Ayyan's Handy Materials > Computers UK—IGCSE UNIT 1 > Flashcards

Computers UK—IGCSE UNIT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Is the binary system a high-level language or low-level language?

A

Low Level Language

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2
Q

Is hexadecimal a high-level language or a low-level language?

A

Low-Level Language

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3
Q

Give an example of a high-level language.

A

Answers might include: C++, JavaScript, Python, etc.

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4
Q

What is the main function of a logic gate?

A

Controlling the flow of electricity in a computer system

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5
Q

What is the main function of a register?

A

Temporary storage of data in a computer system

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6
Q

What are the four rules of Binary Addition?

A
  1. 0+0=0
  2. 1+0=1
  3. 1+1=10 (10 in binary is 2)
  4. 1+1+1=11 (11 in binary is 3)
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7
Q

What is 10010100+00011110? (Remember to practice more questions like this)

A

10110010

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8
Q

What is an overflow error?

A

When a number larger than a register can store is generated.

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9
Q

What happens when a logical binary shift to the left is performed?

A

The value doubles.

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10
Q

What happens when a logical binary shift to the right is performed?

A

The value halves.

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11
Q

What is the purpose of two’s complement?

A

To represent negative binary numbers

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12
Q

How is the method of two’s complement carried out?

A

First, you invert all the values (change the 1s to 0s and 0s to 1s)
Next, you add 1 to the result

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13
Q

What are the two main types of character set that a computer can use?

A

ASCII and Unicode

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14
Q

What is a pixel?

A

A small dot of colour that is displayed with many others to create an image

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15
Q

What is resolution?

A

The dimensions of an image

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16
Q

What is colour depth?

A

The number of bits used to create each colour in an image

17
Q

What is sample rate?

A

Number of samples taken in a second

18
Q

What is sample resolution?

A

Number of bits used to record each sample

19
Q

How many bits are in a nibble?

A

4

20
Q

How many bits are in a byte?

A

8

21
Q

How many bytes are in a Kibibyte?

A

1024

22
Q

What are all the Data measuring units we need to know?

A

-Bit
-Nibble
-Byte
-Kibibyte (KiB)
-Mebibyte (MiB)
-Gibibyte (GiB)
-Tebibyte (TiB)
-Pebibyte (PiB)
-Exbibyte (EiB)

23
Q

What is compression used for?

A

Reducing the size of a file

24
Q

What is the difference between lossy compression and lossless compression?

A

Lossy compression reduces the size of a file by permanently removing data, while lossless compression reduces the size of a file by temporarily altering the data.

25
Q

What is the purpose of perceptual music shaping?

A

Removing sounds that aren’t normally heard by the human ear

26
Q

What does RLE (run length encoding) do?

A

Groups together repeating pixels and stores how many times they occur

Ayyan's Handy Materials (4 decks)

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