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Fundamentals of computing > Computers & The Internet > Flashcards

Computers & The Internet Flashcards

1
Q

What does data mean

A

a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.

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2
Q

What does server mean

A

A computer dedicated to providing one or more services to other computers or devices on a network.

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3
Q

Internet

A

Is a worldwide collection of computer networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational institutions, and individuals.

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4
Q

IP address

A

a sequence of of each computer or device connected to the Internet or any other network

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5
Q

DNS (Domain Name System)

A

translates the domain name into its associated IP address

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6
Q

Domain name

A

a text-based name that corresponds to the IP address of a server

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7
Q

Internet service provider

A

Is a business that provides individuals and organizations access to the

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8
Q

Bandwidth

A

Is a measure of the capability of a network to send or receive data.

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9
Q

World Wide Web emerged in the 1990s

A

A world wide web collection of electronic documents.

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10
Q

Webpage

A

Electronic document on the web

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11
Q

Web Address

A

Unique address of a webpage. It points to a location where a file directory or website page is hosted.

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12
Q

Website

A

a collection of related and associated items

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13
Q

Web server

A

a computer that delivers requested to your computer or mobile device

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14
Q

Browser

A

an application that enables users with an Internet connection to access and view on a computer or mobile device

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15
Q

Home page

A

is the first page that a website displays
Current browsers typically support,tabbed browsing allows a user to browse multiple web pages in a window.

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16
Q

Search engine

A

software that finds websites, webpages, images, videos, news, maps, and other information related to a specific topic

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17
Q

Web publishing

A

Is the creation and maintenance of websites

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18
Q

Graphic

A

Is a visual representation of non-text information.

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19
Q

Programing

A

the process of creating a set of instructions that tell a computer to perform a task.

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20
Q

Algorithm

A

list of steps/instructions, typically written in some human language, that explains how to perform a specific task.

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21
Q

Code

A

to write instructions for a computer.

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22
Q

Function

A

is a block of organized, reusable code that is used to perform aa single, related action.

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23
Q

Abstraction

A

simplified representation of something more complex

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24
Q

Iterate

A

To repeat in order to achieve, or get closer to, a desired goal.

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25
Q

Top Down Design

A

in which you break down a system to gain insight into the sub-systems that make it up.

26
Q

Selection

A

also known as most commonly seen in if-statements – The JUMP…IF command in the Human Machine Language is a form of selection. It gives us a way to compare two things (numbers) and take action if one thing was true.

27
Q

Sequencing

A

Putting so computers can read the commands.

28
Q

Website Content

A

the text and images on a website

29
Q

Website Structure

A

how the content of a website is organized

30
Q

HTML Element

A

A piece of a website, marked by a start tag and often closed with an end tag

31
Q

HTML Tag

A

special set of characters that indicates the start and end of an HTML element and that element’s type.

32
Q

<!DOCTYPE html>

A

Tells the computer that this is a document write in HTML

33
Q

<html>
</html>

A

Indicates the beginning of your code written in HTML

34
Q

Digital Access

A

Not everyone has access to technology.

35
Q

Digital Commerce

A

Electronic buying and selling of goods.

36
Q

Digital Communication

A

Electronic exchange of information.

37
Q

Digital Literacy

A

having current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the internet and related technologies.

38
Q

Netiquette

A

The correct or acceptable way of communication on the internet

39
Q

Digital Law

A

Electronic responsibly of actions and deeds that could land you in jail or in serious trouble

40
Q

Computer Crime

A

Any illegal act involving the use of a computer or related devices.

41
Q

Cybercrime

A

is an online or internet-based illegal act

42
Q

Hacker

A

someone who accesses a computer or network illegally.

43
Q

Cracker

A

someone who accesses a computer or network illegally but has the internet of destroying data, or other malicious action.

44
Q

Cyberextortionist

A

someone who demands payment to stop an attack on an organization’s technology infrastructure.

45
Q

Script Kiddie

A

has the same intent as a cracker but does not have the technical skills and knowledge.

46
Q

Cyberterrorist

A

someone who uses the internet or network to destroy or damage computers for political reasons.

47
Q

Malware

A

Short for malicious software, consists of programs that act without a users knowledge and deliberately alter the operations of computers and mobile devices.

48
Q

Computer Virus

A

A computer virus attaches itself to a program or file enabling it to spread from one computer to another leaving infections as it travels.

49
Q

Worm

A

a program that copies itself repeatedly, for example in memory or on a network using up resources and possibly shutting down the computer, device, or network.

50
Q

Trojan Horse

A

A program that hides within or looks like a legitimate program. Unlike a virus or worm, a trojan horse does not replicate itself to other computers or devices.

51
Q

Spyware

A

A program placed on your computer or mobile device without the users knowledge that secretly collects information about the user and then communicates the information it collects to some outside source while the user is online.

52
Q

Rootkit

A

A program that hides in a computer or mobile device and allows someone from a remote location to take full control of the computer or device.

53
Q

Ransomware

A

A program that blocks or limits access to a computer, phone, or file until the user pays a specified amount of money.

54
Q

Adware

A

A program that displays an online advertisement in a banner, pop-up window, or pop-under window on webpages, email messages, or other Internet services.

55
Q

Botnet

A

Is a group of compromised infected computers or mobile devices connected to a network

56
Q

Zombie

A

A compromised computer or device

57
Q

Denial of service attack (DoS attack)

A

Disrupts computer access to an Internet service

58
Q

Spoofing

A

a technique intruders use to make their network/internet transmission appear legitimate

59
Q

back door

A

Is a program/set of instructions in a program that allow users to bypass security controls

60
Q

Firewall

A

is hardware or software that protects network’s resources from intrusion

Fundamentals of computing (1 decks)

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