computer systems Flashcards
translate ,10101101 into denary …
173
state the mantissa and exponent of , 23454.333 x10^223
mantissa =23454.333
exponent= 223
what does ,ASCII, stand for ?
American Standard Code for Information Interchange.
what is the resolution of a picture ?
The total number of pixels in an image
what is the bit depth of an image ?
the number of colours that can be used in an image
state the name of all 4 vector graphics
rectangle, ellipse,line and polygon
state the attributes of a vector graphics
fill colour , coordinates ,line colour
what is a polygon vector graphic?
The polygon object can be any shape that has at least three sides and allows for a wide variety of common shapes to be stored in vector form
what is a line vector graphic?
The line object allows for the creation of lines.
what is a rectangle vector graphic?
Rectangle is actually a type of polygon but given the frequency of its use, most vector graphic file formats support a specific rectangle object.
what is a ellipse vector graphic?
Ellipse objects are like circles but you can alter the radius of the X co-ordinate so that it is a different value to that of the Y co-ordinate. This allows for the creation of oval shapes rather than circles
what is the processor in a computer system?
The processor is the part of the computer system that handles the instructions used to ensure that hardware and software respond as expected. Processors can handle millions of instructions per second
what is the ALU in a computer system?
All calculations and logical decisions are handled by the ALU
what is the register in a computer system?
temporary storage locations within the processor
stores addresses, data or instructions
what is the control unit in a computer system?
The control unit is responsible for managing the clock, read, write, reset and interrupt lines
what is the RAM in a computer system?
When a program is running, the data that will be processed by the processor is temporarily stored in RAM. RAM will hold data until it is needed by the processor
what is an address bus ?
The address bus holds the address in RAM that the processor is accessing. It is uni-directional. This means the address can only be transmitted in one direction - from the processor to main memory (RAM).
what is a data bus?
The data bus carries data between the processor and the memory. It is bi-directional. This means that it is possible to transfer data both to and from the processor and memory.
what is a compiler ?
a compiler is a type of translator, this translator changes all coding into binary before executing it to the computer , this process ids faster than an interpreter
what is an interpreter
an interpreter is a type of translator , this translator changes each line of coding one by one and executes it before translating another line of coding , its slower than a compiler however is more efficient.
name at least 3 ways to reduce the energy use of a computer system
1.reduce the ‘brightness’ setting as much as possible
2.do not use a screen saver
3.activate efficiency mode if the monitor supports this setting
4.use energy efficient monitors:
often marked with the energy star sticker
how do firewalls work?
Data is usually split into ‘packets’ before it is sent across a network.
This means that something like an image file is not sent as one single file. The image data is split into lots of different packets that can be reassembled to create the image file once they are received.
Firewalls are used to check data packets as they are sent to or received from a system or network.
why do we use firewalls ?
Firewalls protect against unauthorized access to a computer system by those who might want to steal data, cause malicious harm or take control of the system.
what is encryption?
Encryption is a security measure used to try to prevent unauthorized access to data during transmission from one system or network to another.
Encryption is designed to scramble data so that if an unauthorized person or organisation manage to steal data packets, they will be unable to understand the content
