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JS3 > Computer Studies > Flashcards

Computer Studies Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Internet?

A

A global network of interconnected computers that communicate using standardized protocols.

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2
Q

What does HTTP stand for?

A

Hypertext Transfer Protocol.

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3
Q

What is an Internet browser?

A

A software application used to access and view websites on the Internet.

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4
Q

Name two popular web browsers.

A

Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox.

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5
Q

What is the function of a search engine?

A

To retrieve and display relevant web pages based on user queries.

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6
Q

True or False: Google is the only search engine.

A

False.

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7
Q

What does SEO stand for?

A

Search Engine Optimization.

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8
Q

Fill in the blank: The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have _____ to the Internet and those who do not.

A

access.

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9
Q

What is the Old Economy?

A

Economic systems based on manufacturing and traditional industries.

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10
Q

What characterizes the New Economy?

A

An economy driven by information technology and digital services.

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11
Q

What is a database?

A

An organized collection of structured information or data, typically stored electronically.

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12
Q

True or False: A relational database uses tables to store data.

A

True.

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13
Q

What does URL stand for?

A

Uniform Resource Locator.

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14
Q

What is the purpose of a web server?

A

To store, process, and deliver web pages to clients.

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15
Q

Name one common database management system.

A

MySQL.

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16
Q

What is broadband?

A

A high-capacity transmission technique that enables data transfer at high speeds.

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the Internet that is accessible to the general public.

A

World Wide Web.

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18
Q

What is a cookie in the context of web browsing?

A

A small piece of data stored on the user’s computer by the web browser while browsing a website.

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19
Q

True or False: Search engines index websites to provide search results.

A

True.

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20
Q

What is phishing?

A

A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity.

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21
Q

What does the acronym ‘ISP’ stand for?

A

Internet Service Provider.

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22
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

The delivery of computing services over the Internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

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23
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ is the process of converting human-readable data into a format that can be stored in a database.

A

Data modeling.

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24
Q

What is a domain name?

A

A human-readable address used to access websites on the Internet.

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25
Q

What is an IP address?

A

A unique string of numbers separated by periods or colons that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.

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26
Q

True or False: The Internet and the World Wide Web are the same thing.

A

False.

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27
Q

What is a web application?

A

A software application that runs on a web server and can be accessed through a web browser.

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28
Q

What does ‘big data’ refer to?

A

Extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations.

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29
Q

What is e-commerce?

A

The buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet.

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30
Q

What is a firewall?

A

A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

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31
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.

A

World Wide Web.

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32
Q

What is a VPN?

A

Virtual Private Network, a service that encrypts your Internet connection and hides your IP address.

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33
Q

What is the primary purpose of social media?

A

To facilitate social interaction and content sharing among users.

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34
Q

What does the term ‘digital footprint’ mean?

A

The trail of data you leave behind on the Internet as you use it.

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35
Q

What is the difference between the surface web and the deep web?

A

The surface web is accessible to the general public, while the deep web contains data not indexed by standard search engines.

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36
Q

What does the term ‘malware’ refer to?

A

Malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise computer systems.

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37
Q

What is the role of a search engine algorithm?

A

To determine the relevance and ranking of web pages in search results.

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38
Q

True or False: All websites are indexed by search engines.

A

False.

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39
Q

What is the primary function of HTML?

A

To structure content on the web.

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40
Q

What is a web crawler?

A

An automated program that browses the web to index content for search engines.

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41
Q

What does ‘open source’ mean?

A

Software that is released with a license that allows anyone to view, use, modify, and distribute the code.

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42
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ refers to the use of technology to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of business processes.

A

Digital transformation.

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43
Q

What is the purpose of a content management system (CMS)?

A

To facilitate the creation, management, and modification of digital content.

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44
Q

What is a hyperlink?

A

A reference or link from one web page to another.

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45
Q

What does ‘data mining’ involve?

A

The practice of analyzing large datasets to discover patterns and extract valuable information.

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46
Q

What is the significance of the Digital Divide?

A

It highlights the disparity in access to digital technologies and the Internet, affecting socioeconomic opportunities.

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47
Q

What does ‘cloud storage’ allow users to do?

A

To save data on remote servers accessed via the Internet.

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48
Q

What is a software as a service (SaaS)?

A

A software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a service provider and made available to customers over the Internet.

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49
Q

True or False: The digital divide only affects developing countries.

A

False.

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50
Q

What is the main purpose of encryption?

A

To secure data by converting it into a code to prevent unauthorized access.

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51
Q

What is a digital signature?

A

A mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity and integrity of digital messages or documents.

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52
Q

What is the role of a database administrator?

A

To manage and maintain databases, ensuring their performance, security, and availability.

53
Q

What does ‘net neutrality’ mean?

A

The principle that Internet service providers should treat all data on the Internet equally, without discrimination.

54
Q

What is a botnet?

A

A network of infected devices controlled by a single entity to perform malicious tasks.

55
Q

What is the primary function of a web host?

A

To provide the technologies and services needed for a website to be viewed on the Internet.

56
Q

What is a phishing scam?

A

A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information by posing as a trustworthy entity in electronic communication.

57
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ refers to the practice of creating and managing online communities.

A

Community management.

58
Q

What is the digital divide?

A

The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals who have access to modern information and communication technology and those who do not.

59
Q

True or False: The digital divide only affects developing countries.

A

False

60
Q

What are some common factors contributing to the digital divide?

A

Income level, education, geographic location, and age.

61
Q

Fill in the blank: The digital divide can lead to unequal access to ______.

A

information and services

62
Q

What is one consequence of the digital divide in education?

A

Students without access to technology may struggle to complete assignments and keep up with peers.

63
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of digital divide? A) Global divide B) Social divide C) Economic divide D) Cultural divide

A

D) Cultural divide

64
Q

What role do databases play in bridging the digital divide?

A

Databases help store, manage, and analyze data that can be accessed by individuals and organizations to improve access to information.

65
Q

True or False: A database can only be accessed by individuals with advanced technical skills.

A

False

66
Q

What is a relational database?

A

A relational database is a type of database that stores data in tables and allows for relationships between the tables.

67
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ is a common language used to manage and manipulate databases.

A

SQL (Structured Query Language)

68
Q

What is one example of a database management system?

A

MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, or Microsoft SQL Server.

69
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a benefit of using databases? A) Data redundancy B) Improved data integrity C) Increased data complexity D) Limited data access

A

B) Improved data integrity

70
Q

What is data mining?

A

Data mining is the process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large amounts of data.

71
Q

True or False: The digital divide has no impact on economic development.

A

False

72
Q

What is an example of an initiative aimed at reducing the digital divide?

A

Community internet access programs or government subsidies for technology access.

73
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ divide refers to differences in technology access within a single country.

A

social

74
Q

What is open data?

A

Open data refers to data that is made publicly available for anyone to access, use, and share.

75
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a NoSQL database? A) Fixed schema B) Horizontal scaling C) SQL compliance D) Table-based structure

A

B) Horizontal scaling

76
Q

What is the purpose of a database schema?

A

A database schema defines the structure of a database, including the tables, fields, and relationships.

77
Q

True or False: Data privacy regulations can impact how databases are managed.

A

True

78
Q

What does the term ‘big data’ refer to?

A

Big data refers to extremely large datasets that can be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations.

79
Q

Fill in the blank: A ______ is a collection of related data stored in a structured format.

A

database

80
Q

What is the main goal of initiatives to reduce the digital divide?

A

To ensure equitable access to technology and information for all individuals.

81
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a challenge associated with the digital divide? A) Universal internet access B) Data security C) Data storage capacity D) High-speed broadband availability

A

D) High-speed broadband availability

82
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, allowing for data storage and processing without local servers.

83
Q

True or False: Access to high-speed internet is a key factor in bridging the digital divide.

A

True

84
Q

What does ‘digital literacy’ mean?

A

Digital literacy refers to the ability to effectively use digital technology and communication tools.

85
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ databases are designed to handle unstructured data.

A

NoSQL

86
Q

What is the primary function of a database administrator?

A

To manage and maintain a database system.

87
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a data warehouse? A) A simple database B) A system for storing unstructured data C) A central repository for integrated data D) A temporary data storage

A

C) A central repository for integrated data

88
Q

What is a key barrier to achieving digital equity?

A

Affordability of technology and internet access.

89
Q

True or False: The digital divide can affect employment opportunities.

A

True

90
Q

What is data visualization?

A

Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data.

91
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the practice of collecting and analyzing data from multiple sources.

A

Data integration

92
Q

What is an example of a cloud database?

A

Amazon RDS, Google Cloud SQL, or Microsoft Azure SQL Database.

93
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of structured data? A) Text documents B) Images C) Spreadsheets D) Videos

A

C) Spreadsheets

94
Q

What does ‘data governance’ involve?

A

Data governance involves the management of data availability, usability, integrity, and security.

95
Q

True or False: Everyone has equal access to technology and the internet.

A

False

96
Q

What is a primary objective of database normalization?

A

To reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity.

97
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ divide exists between urban and rural areas regarding internet access.

A

geographic

98
Q

What is the role of APIs in databases?

A

APIs allow different software systems to communicate and interact with a database.

99
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cloud databases? A) Scalability B) Cost-effectiveness C) Data redundancy D) Accessibility

A

C) Data redundancy

100
Q

What is the difference between data and information?

A

Data refers to raw facts and figures, while information is processed data that has meaning.

101
Q

True or False: The digital divide can be addressed through education and training.

A

True

102
Q

What is a data lake?

A

A data lake is a storage repository that holds vast amounts of raw data in its native format until needed.

103
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the practice of securing data against unauthorized access.

A

Data security

104
Q

What is a primary characteristic of transactional databases?

A

They are optimized for managing and processing high volumes of transactions.

105
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is essential for effective data analysis? A) Data volume B) Data variety C) Data velocity D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

106
Q

What is the purpose of a data model?

A

A data model defines how data is connected, stored, and processed in a database.

107
Q

True or False: Data silos can hinder effective data sharing and collaboration.

A

True

108
Q

What is the significance of metadata in databases?

A

Metadata provides information about the data, such as its source, format, and meaning.

109
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ analytics involves analyzing past data to predict future outcomes.

A

Predictive

110
Q

What is a key challenge in managing big data?

A

Ensuring data quality and integrity.

111
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of an unstructured data source? A) Database B) Excel file C) Social media posts D) JSON file

A

C) Social media posts

112
Q

What is the function of a database index?

A

A database index improves the speed of data retrieval operations.

113
Q

True or False: All databases require a complex setup and maintenance.

A

False

114
Q

What is the importance of user training in database management?

A

User training ensures that individuals can effectively utilize and manage the database systems.

115
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ is the process of converting data into a format suitable for analysis.

A

Data transformation

116
Q

What is a primary benefit of using open-source database systems?

A

Cost-effectiveness and flexibility in customization.

117
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common database type? A) Document store B) Graph database C) Key-value store D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

118
Q

What is the impact of the digital divide on healthcare?

A

It can limit access to telemedicine and health information for underserved populations.

119
Q

True or False: Digital inclusion initiatives focus solely on providing technology.

A

False

120
Q

What is an example of a database query?

A

SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 30;

121
Q

Fill in the blank: The ______ divide can result in disparities in political participation.

A

digital

122
Q

What is a key advantage of cloud databases over traditional databases?

A

Increased scalability and reduced infrastructure costs.

123
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a primary key in a database? A) A field that uniquely identifies a record B) A field that allows duplicate values C) A field used for indexing D) A field with no value

A

A) A field that uniquely identifies a record

124
Q

What does ‘data enrichment’ mean?

A

Data enrichment is the process of enhancing existing data by adding relevant information from external sources.

125
Q

True or False: Data-driven decision-making relies on accurate and timely data.

A

True

126
Q

What is the purpose of a data warehouse?

A

To consolidate and analyze large volumes of data from multiple sources.

127
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the process of organizing data into a structured format.

A

Data modeling

128
Q

What is one impact of the digital divide on job training programs?

A

Limited access to online training resources can hinder skill development.

129
Q

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common data format? A) XML B) HTML C) CSV D) All of the above

A

D) All of the above

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