Computer Studies Flashcards
What is the Internet?
A global network of interconnected computers that communicate using standardized protocols.
What does HTTP stand for?
Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
What is an Internet browser?
A software application used to access and view websites on the Internet.
Name two popular web browsers.
Google Chrome and Mozilla Firefox.
What is the function of a search engine?
To retrieve and display relevant web pages based on user queries.
True or False: Google is the only search engine.
False.
What does SEO stand for?
Search Engine Optimization.
Fill in the blank: The digital divide refers to the gap between those who have _____ to the Internet and those who do not.
access.
What is the Old Economy?
Economic systems based on manufacturing and traditional industries.
What characterizes the New Economy?
An economy driven by information technology and digital services.
What is a database?
An organized collection of structured information or data, typically stored electronically.
True or False: A relational database uses tables to store data.
True.
What does URL stand for?
Uniform Resource Locator.
What is the purpose of a web server?
To store, process, and deliver web pages to clients.
Name one common database management system.
MySQL.
What is broadband?
A high-capacity transmission technique that enables data transfer at high speeds.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the part of the Internet that is accessible to the general public.
World Wide Web.
What is a cookie in the context of web browsing?
A small piece of data stored on the user’s computer by the web browser while browsing a website.
True or False: Search engines index websites to provide search results.
True.
What is phishing?
A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity.
What does the acronym ‘ISP’ stand for?
Internet Service Provider.
What is cloud computing?
The delivery of computing services over the Internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.
Fill in the blank: _____ is the process of converting human-readable data into a format that can be stored in a database.
Data modeling.
What is a domain name?
A human-readable address used to access websites on the Internet.
What is an IP address?
A unique string of numbers separated by periods or colons that identifies each computer using the Internet Protocol to communicate over a network.
True or False: The Internet and the World Wide Web are the same thing.
False.
What is a web application?
A software application that runs on a web server and can be accessed through a web browser.
What does ‘big data’ refer to?
Extremely large data sets that may be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations.
What is e-commerce?
The buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet.
What is a firewall?
A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet.
World Wide Web.
What is a VPN?
Virtual Private Network, a service that encrypts your Internet connection and hides your IP address.
What is the primary purpose of social media?
To facilitate social interaction and content sharing among users.
What does the term ‘digital footprint’ mean?
The trail of data you leave behind on the Internet as you use it.
What is the difference between the surface web and the deep web?
The surface web is accessible to the general public, while the deep web contains data not indexed by standard search engines.
What does the term ‘malware’ refer to?
Malicious software designed to harm, exploit, or otherwise compromise computer systems.
What is the role of a search engine algorithm?
To determine the relevance and ranking of web pages in search results.
True or False: All websites are indexed by search engines.
False.
What is the primary function of HTML?
To structure content on the web.
What is a web crawler?
An automated program that browses the web to index content for search engines.
What does ‘open source’ mean?
Software that is released with a license that allows anyone to view, use, modify, and distribute the code.
Fill in the blank: _____ refers to the use of technology to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of business processes.
Digital transformation.
What is the purpose of a content management system (CMS)?
To facilitate the creation, management, and modification of digital content.
What is a hyperlink?
A reference or link from one web page to another.
What does ‘data mining’ involve?
The practice of analyzing large datasets to discover patterns and extract valuable information.
What is the significance of the Digital Divide?
It highlights the disparity in access to digital technologies and the Internet, affecting socioeconomic opportunities.
What does ‘cloud storage’ allow users to do?
To save data on remote servers accessed via the Internet.
What is a software as a service (SaaS)?
A software distribution model in which applications are hosted by a service provider and made available to customers over the Internet.
True or False: The digital divide only affects developing countries.
False.
What is the main purpose of encryption?
To secure data by converting it into a code to prevent unauthorized access.
What is a digital signature?
A mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity and integrity of digital messages or documents.
What is the role of a database administrator?
To manage and maintain databases, ensuring their performance, security, and availability.
What does ‘net neutrality’ mean?
The principle that Internet service providers should treat all data on the Internet equally, without discrimination.
What is a botnet?
A network of infected devices controlled by a single entity to perform malicious tasks.
What is the primary function of a web host?
To provide the technologies and services needed for a website to be viewed on the Internet.
What is a phishing scam?
A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive information by posing as a trustworthy entity in electronic communication.
Fill in the blank: _____ refers to the practice of creating and managing online communities.
Community management.
What is the digital divide?
The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals who have access to modern information and communication technology and those who do not.
True or False: The digital divide only affects developing countries.
False
What are some common factors contributing to the digital divide?
Income level, education, geographic location, and age.
Fill in the blank: The digital divide can lead to unequal access to ______.
information and services
What is one consequence of the digital divide in education?
Students without access to technology may struggle to complete assignments and keep up with peers.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of digital divide? A) Global divide B) Social divide C) Economic divide D) Cultural divide
D) Cultural divide
What role do databases play in bridging the digital divide?
Databases help store, manage, and analyze data that can be accessed by individuals and organizations to improve access to information.
True or False: A database can only be accessed by individuals with advanced technical skills.
False
What is a relational database?
A relational database is a type of database that stores data in tables and allows for relationships between the tables.
Fill in the blank: ______ is a common language used to manage and manipulate databases.
SQL (Structured Query Language)
What is one example of a database management system?
MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle, or Microsoft SQL Server.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a benefit of using databases? A) Data redundancy B) Improved data integrity C) Increased data complexity D) Limited data access
B) Improved data integrity
What is data mining?
Data mining is the process of discovering patterns and knowledge from large amounts of data.
True or False: The digital divide has no impact on economic development.
False
What is an example of an initiative aimed at reducing the digital divide?
Community internet access programs or government subsidies for technology access.
Fill in the blank: The ______ divide refers to differences in technology access within a single country.
social
What is open data?
Open data refers to data that is made publicly available for anyone to access, use, and share.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a characteristic of a NoSQL database? A) Fixed schema B) Horizontal scaling C) SQL compliance D) Table-based structure
B) Horizontal scaling
What is the purpose of a database schema?
A database schema defines the structure of a database, including the tables, fields, and relationships.
True or False: Data privacy regulations can impact how databases are managed.
True
What does the term ‘big data’ refer to?
Big data refers to extremely large datasets that can be analyzed computationally to reveal patterns, trends, and associations.
Fill in the blank: A ______ is a collection of related data stored in a structured format.
database
What is the main goal of initiatives to reduce the digital divide?
To ensure equitable access to technology and information for all individuals.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a challenge associated with the digital divide? A) Universal internet access B) Data security C) Data storage capacity D) High-speed broadband availability
D) High-speed broadband availability
What is cloud computing?
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing services over the internet, allowing for data storage and processing without local servers.
True or False: Access to high-speed internet is a key factor in bridging the digital divide.
True
What does ‘digital literacy’ mean?
Digital literacy refers to the ability to effectively use digital technology and communication tools.
Fill in the blank: ______ databases are designed to handle unstructured data.
NoSQL
What is the primary function of a database administrator?
To manage and maintain a database system.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a data warehouse? A) A simple database B) A system for storing unstructured data C) A central repository for integrated data D) A temporary data storage
C) A central repository for integrated data
What is a key barrier to achieving digital equity?
Affordability of technology and internet access.
True or False: The digital divide can affect employment opportunities.
True
What is data visualization?
Data visualization is the graphical representation of information and data.
Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the practice of collecting and analyzing data from multiple sources.
Data integration
What is an example of a cloud database?
Amazon RDS, Google Cloud SQL, or Microsoft Azure SQL Database.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a type of structured data? A) Text documents B) Images C) Spreadsheets D) Videos
C) Spreadsheets
What does ‘data governance’ involve?
Data governance involves the management of data availability, usability, integrity, and security.
True or False: Everyone has equal access to technology and the internet.
False
What is a primary objective of database normalization?
To reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity.
Fill in the blank: The ______ divide exists between urban and rural areas regarding internet access.
geographic
What is the role of APIs in databases?
APIs allow different software systems to communicate and interact with a database.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a benefit of cloud databases? A) Scalability B) Cost-effectiveness C) Data redundancy D) Accessibility
C) Data redundancy
What is the difference between data and information?
Data refers to raw facts and figures, while information is processed data that has meaning.
True or False: The digital divide can be addressed through education and training.
True
What is a data lake?
A data lake is a storage repository that holds vast amounts of raw data in its native format until needed.
Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the practice of securing data against unauthorized access.
Data security
What is a primary characteristic of transactional databases?
They are optimized for managing and processing high volumes of transactions.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is essential for effective data analysis? A) Data volume B) Data variety C) Data velocity D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the purpose of a data model?
A data model defines how data is connected, stored, and processed in a database.
True or False: Data silos can hinder effective data sharing and collaboration.
True
What is the significance of metadata in databases?
Metadata provides information about the data, such as its source, format, and meaning.
Fill in the blank: ______ analytics involves analyzing past data to predict future outcomes.
Predictive
What is a key challenge in managing big data?
Ensuring data quality and integrity.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of an unstructured data source? A) Database B) Excel file C) Social media posts D) JSON file
C) Social media posts
What is the function of a database index?
A database index improves the speed of data retrieval operations.
True or False: All databases require a complex setup and maintenance.
False
What is the importance of user training in database management?
User training ensures that individuals can effectively utilize and manage the database systems.
Fill in the blank: ______ is the process of converting data into a format suitable for analysis.
Data transformation
What is a primary benefit of using open-source database systems?
Cost-effectiveness and flexibility in customization.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common database type? A) Document store B) Graph database C) Key-value store D) All of the above
D) All of the above
What is the impact of the digital divide on healthcare?
It can limit access to telemedicine and health information for underserved populations.
True or False: Digital inclusion initiatives focus solely on providing technology.
False
What is an example of a database query?
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age > 30;
Fill in the blank: The ______ divide can result in disparities in political participation.
digital
What is a key advantage of cloud databases over traditional databases?
Increased scalability and reduced infrastructure costs.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following best describes a primary key in a database? A) A field that uniquely identifies a record B) A field that allows duplicate values C) A field used for indexing D) A field with no value
A) A field that uniquely identifies a record
What does ‘data enrichment’ mean?
Data enrichment is the process of enhancing existing data by adding relevant information from external sources.
True or False: Data-driven decision-making relies on accurate and timely data.
True
What is the purpose of a data warehouse?
To consolidate and analyze large volumes of data from multiple sources.
Fill in the blank: ______ refers to the process of organizing data into a structured format.
Data modeling
What is one impact of the digital divide on job training programs?
Limited access to online training resources can hinder skill development.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common data format? A) XML B) HTML C) CSV D) All of the above
D) All of the above
