Computer Science OCR

Question 1

bandwidth

Answer 1

The amount of data that can be transmitted over a period of time

Question 2

What is LAN

Answer 2

Network that is located in a small geographical network. in a LAN you own all the hardware

Question 3

WAN

Answer 3

The network covers a wider location, a large geographical area, made up of multiple LANs. The hardware is owned by the government.

Question 4

Types of connection

Answer 4

Copper cable, Wi-fi, fibre-optic cable, Bluetooth. Some are faster than others, and wired is usually faster than wireless.

Question 5

How does number devices affect a network speed.

Answer 5

The more devices connected means the bandwidth must equally spread amongst each devices, resulting in a lower bandwidth for each device.

Question 6

interference

Answer 6

Physical walls and additional radio signals can interfere with a with a wireless connection. This slows it down.

Question 7

Network latency

Answer 7

Measure of how long it takes for a signal to reach its destination. Latency is affected by number of devices on a network.

Question 8

Concept of layers

Answer 8

Breaking down networking into smaller tasks that work with each other e.g your browser does not care whether you are wired or wireless. Can reduce difficulty as it smaller tasks

Question 9

Protocols

Answer 9

A set of rules that determine how computers communicate with each other

Question 10

Standards

Answer 10

a common standard that manufacturers agree on when making things work with each other

Question 11

Protocols names: TCP/IP (transmission control/internet protocol)

Answer 11

Enables communication over the internet

Question 12

HTTP(hypertext transfer protocol)

Answer 12

governs communication between a client and webserver, used to send web pages

Question 13

HTTPS (hypertext transfer protocol secure)

Answer 13

Same as http, but encrypted to provide extra security

Question 14

FTP (File transfer protocol)

Answer 14

Allows transfer of files between computers

Question 15

POP (post office protocol)

Answer 15

Governs retrieving emails from email servers, and downloads

Question 16

IMAP
Internet Message
Access Protocol

Answer 16

IMAP
Internet Message
Access Protocol

Question 17

SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer
Protocol

Answer 17

Protocol used to send email from a web browser or
client.

Question 18

Malware

Answer 18

Suspicious software

Question 19

virus

Answer 19

infects files and needs human to spread

Question 20

worm

Answer 20

Infects the whole computer and doesnt need as human to spread

Question 21

trojan horse

Answer 21

appears to be friendly but in the backround does something bad

Question 22

spyware

Answer 22

controls hardware and utilies it

Question 23

brute force attack

Answer 23

trying to guess a password

Question 24

virtual memory

Answer 24

moves data into ssd

Question 25

optical

Answer 25

uses laser to save as 1s and 0s

Question 26

magnetic

Answer 26

uses magnets to get binary

Question 27

solid state

Answer 27

stored on chips electronically

Question 28

RAM

Answer 28

Very fats storage non volatile

Question 29

ROM

Answer 29

Used to start up a computer e.g bios

Question 30

embedded system

Answer 30

a small program that loops commands

Question 31

von neumann architecture

Answer 31

puts program data and instructions into ram

Question 32

clock speed

Answer 32

how many fetchb decode execute cyckles can be done in a second

Question 33

number of cores

Answer 33

each core can be allocated to do something

Question 34

cache

Answer 34

small and super fast storage that holds previously used program instructions

Question 35

register

Answer 35

very small but very fast storage, used to hold data or an address

Question 36

ALU

Answer 36

arithmetic logic unit, performs maths and logic checks

Question 37

Control Unit (CU)

Answer 37

Directs operation of processer

Question 38

MAR

Answer 38

memory address register, stores address of next data to be fetched

Question 39

MDR

Answer 39

memory data register, holds the data that was fetched

Question 40

Program counter

Answer 40

incremented by one each cycle, holds the new address of what is to be executed next

Question 41

Accumulator

Answer 41

register that holds values of math equations