Computer Networking Flashcards
what does computer networking help facilitate?
the exchange of information between people and computers
small networks of close-by computers are called what?
Local Area Networks (LANs)
a ___ can be either two computers in a small room or computers in a university
LAN
a series of computers are connected to a single ______ ______
ethernet cable
when a computer wants to transfer data to another computer, it _____ the data as an electrical onto the _____ cable
writes, ethernet
since the ethernet cable is shares, all computers get the data transmitted, but don’t know who it’s for. What do they each posses that helps figure out who the data is for?
the Media Access Control (MAC) adress
Because of MAC addresses, all computers receive the data but only let is pass if…
it’s their MAC address in the header
a ____ is any shared transmission media that carries data
carrier
the rate at which a carrier can transmit data is called ______
bandwidth
a _____ is a network device that connects multiple hosts together and forwards packets based on their destination within the local network
switch
_____ are basically a bunch of small pieces of data that contain a Destination Address on the network
packets
A Destination address is used so that _____ can know where to ______ them. This is what ______ _____ is
routers, forward, internet protocol
every computer connected to a network gets an _____ ______
IP address
the world’s first packet-switched network and the ancestor to the modern internet was ______
ARPANET
ARPANET was funded by who?
advanced research projects agency
what did the ARPANET do?
it was the first integrated computer network, it allowed devices on different networks to connect with each other
ARPANET was a product to the ____ _____
cold war
what wre the first 4 nodes of the ARPANET?
UCLA, utah, SRI, UCSB
after ARPANET, other networks emerged where different organizations were connected to different networks and were running different protocols , making it hard for them to communicate. What was created to fix this?
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)/ Internet Protocol (IP)
_________ was designed to allow networks running on different protocols to have an intermediary protocol that would allow them to communicate. It is now the standard protocol
TCP/IP
_____ means “an interconnected network of networks”
internet
what four things does a packet include?
sender’s address, destination address, sequence, and a piece of the overall message
a _____ receives & analyzes packets and routes them toward their destination. they’re also used to connect one network to another network
router
a ____ ___ is a human-friendly name that’s convenient for remembering a website
domain name
what does DNS stand for?
domain name server/system
DNS acts as the _____ of websites on the internet. When a request to access a host with a domain name is given, a DNS server is queries and returns the IP address of the host requested, which allows for proper routing
directory
_____ _____ is when packets are sent on different routes to the destination. They might get there out of order, but that’s okay because each packet has information about what order they should be in
packet switching
who introduced the world wide web?
Tim Berners-Lee
the _____ _____ ____ provided an easy way to navigate the internet through the use of ______.
world wide web, hypertext
Web 2.0 was created in the early _____ with changes about how the internet was being used
2000s
which key characteristic of web 2.0 made a major change in society? allowing news outlets to be reported quicker online through new apps
social tools encouraging people to share information
what was the killer app of the internet?
what was the killer app for the personal computer?
spreadsheet
t/f: the internet and the WWW are the same thing
false, The internet is an interconnected network or networks while the WWW is just one part of the internet
highspeed access, also known as _____, is important because it affects how the internet is used.
_____ takes an internet signal and converts it into radio waves
wi-fi
what creation allowed smartphones and other cellular devices to access data from the internet?
3G networks
what creation allowed more powerful smartphones to get the same speeds of 3G from their home connection?
4G data speeds
why is it that our phones don’t work abroad?
different countries choose different communication standards for their mobile phone networks
why was bluetooth created?
to replace wired connections between devices
_____ allows analog signals to be converted to digital signals, then transmitted on a network. This allows voice communication over the internet.
VoIP (voice over ip)
a ___ ___ ____ allowed computers to connect to each other and to peripherals. it’s a local network that operates in the same buildin g or campus.
local area network
a ___ ___ ____ provides connectivity over a wider area such as an organization’s locations in different cities or states
wide area network
______ _____ ____ provides stand alone devices like PCs and printers to work together
client-server computing
an _____ provides web-based resources for the users within an organization that aren’t accessible outside the company.
intranet
an _____ is a part of a company’s network that can be made available to those outside the company securely. they can allow customers to log in and place orders.
extranet
______ _____ allows companies or individuals to contract data storage on devices somewhere on the internet. applications can be “rented” as needed
cloud computing
______ _____ states that the value of a telecommunications network is proportional to the squae of the number of connected users of a system.
Metcalfe’s Law
