Computer Management -Module 1.3

Question 1

What is malware?

Answer 1

Malicious software specifically designed to install itself without the users knowledge to affect/harm the computer system.

Question 2

5 Threats/ Types of Malware

Answer 2

Virus
Computer worm
Spyware
Trojan
Root kit

Question 3

True or false?

A virus needs human action to trigger its negative playload.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

True or false?

A computer worm needs human action to travel over the computer network.

Answer 4

False

Question 5

What is a rootkit?

Answer 5

A collection of programs designed to infiltrate a computer no gain the highest level of privileges to take control of the infected computer.

Question 6

Define a kit.

Answer 6

A collection of programs that can be downloaded from the Internet and adapted.

Question 7

Name five human issues when speaking about threats to a computer.

Answer 7

Accidentally deleting files or reformatting a disk
Not ensuring regular backups are made
Entering incorrect data into a program
Losing or misplacing portable storage devices
Allowing unauthorized users to get access to data

Question 8

Name two types of Social Engineering

Answer 8

Phishing

Spoofing

Question 9

What is phishing?

Answer 9

Fishing for information by fooling a user into giving out confidential information.

Question 10

Name three types of hardware issues.

Answer 10

Hardware failure
Hardware theft
Power problems

Question 11

Power problems can be a result of?

Answer 11

Data in RAM not saved into storage in a power failure
Data corrupted when written back into storage
Damage caused to the hardware (due to power outages)

Question 12

What does GIGO stand for?

Answer 12

Garbage In, Garbage Out

Question 13

When backing up, dedicated programs have options of?

Answer 13

Scheduling when to backup the files
Choosing to do full back up of all files or just those that have been changed since the last backup
Compressing the files to save space on the backup media

Question 14

Advantages of online backup services

Answer 14

(Limited) free storage space
Synchronizing data files across all your devices to make sure you always have the latest dat files
Sharing files with other users
Being able to access your files wherever you have Internet connection

Question 15

Give 5 tips when backing up your data

Answer 15

Programs can be reinstalled, only back up data
Automate/schedule backup software so that you don’t forget
Archive large files you seldom use
Backup your files to no external device such as a portable hard drive
Do not have multiple files of the same things on your computer (housekeeping)

Question 16

Physical measures to restrict access to data

Answer 16

Physical security by controlling access to a building
Biometric security measures (fingerprint scanners)
Placing computers with confidential information in a lockable room/cabinet

Question 17

5 Categories of threats to data

Answer 17

Unauthorized access to data
Malware threats
Human issues
Natural disasters
Hardware and software issues

Question 18

Basic software measures

Answer 18

Set strong passwords, change them regularly, don’t reuse the same password
Permission can be given to certain users but they cannot edit the data

Question 19

What is encryption?

Answer 19

Scrambling text or data into a new format using a specified set of rules

Question 20

2 Advantag s of using anti-malware products

Answer 20

Generally cheaper than separate utilities

Protection is much easier, won’t interfere with other security programs

Question 21

3 Ways to reduce malware threats

Answer 21

Use of anti-malware products
Keeping software up to date
Firewalls

Question 22

Name 3 common sense precautions when reducing the human risk factor

Answer 22

Automate process by scheduling backups and updates
Set strong passwords
Keep your anti-malware and operating system updated

Question 23

5 Precautions to take when you are online

Answer 23

Be aware of potential dangers and threats
Don’t give out any personal information, unless you are sure it is legitimate
Be careful when clicking on links
Only use secure sites
Don’t respond to phishing emails

Question 24

4 Ways in avoiding the Social Engineering tricks

Answer 24

Avoid contact from uninvited sources
Guard your personal information
Pay attention to the URL of the website
Nothing is usually free

Question 25

What does UPS stand for?

Answer 25

Uninterruptible Power Supply

Question 26

What does RAID stand for?

Answer 26

Redundant Array of Inexpensive/Independent Disks

Question 27

What is a UPS?

Answer 27

A device that puts a battery and a management system between a computer and the mains power supply to ensure that if there is a power outage it gives the computer a bit of power to shut down properly

Question 28

What does RAID do?

Answer 28

Allows the computer to trade an array of disks as one to increase protection

Question 29

Name one main characteristic of a computer

Answer 29

Accuracy

Question 30

How can we ensure our software works? Name 3 ways

Answer 30

Producing the correct output
Reducing the GIGO effect
Ensuring our program can act to any situation without crashing

Question 31

Computers can never really check for correctness. How can we ensure the accuracy of data?

Answer 31

Do everything we can to ensure data validity
Getting the computer to obtain input directly from the input rather than a human
Send users copies of data to ensure it is correct
Comparing the original source with captured data

Question 32

What is data validation?

Answer 32

Any technique that can reduce the number of errors that can be made during the input of data

Question 33

Methods and techniques used in data validation

Answer 33

Minimizing user input 
Format checks
Data type checks
Range checks
Presence check