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Information Technology > Computer Fundamentals > Flashcards

Computer Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Information Technology is…

A

Technologies used to create, process and exchange all forms of electronic data

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2
Q

An electronic device is capable of executing instructions because it is engaging the following 5 components:

A
  • Hardware
  • Software
  • Users
  • Procedures
  • Data
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3
Q

What is Processing Power?

A

Processing Power of a computer is how quickly the task can be finished

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4
Q

The memory of a computer is…

A

How many tasks can be managed simultaneously

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5
Q

Supercomputers execute _________ _________ tasks by using _________ computing power.

A

Supercomputers execute complex computing tasks by using massive computing power.

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6
Q

List 3 uses of supercomputer

A
  • Nuclear plants
  • Weather monitoring
  • National security
  • Cyber Security
  • Artificial Intelligence
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7
Q

Mainframe, also known as ‘_______’, simultaneously process…

A

Mainframes, also known as ‘servers’, simultaneously process numerous transactions reliably and efficiently.

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8
Q

List 3 uses of mainframes

A
  • Social Media Accounts
  • Airline Industry
  • Financial transactions Processes
  • Government Data
  • Health care record management
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9
Q

What are desktop computers used for?

A

Desktops are used for basic to high end computing tasks

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10
Q

What are embedded devices?

A

An embedded device is a special purpose, micro computer that exists inside of a larger electrical or mechanical system to perform specific tasks

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11
Q

What is Hardware?

A

Hardware is the tangible components of the computer system

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12
Q

The 5 Core Hardware Components are:

A
  • Input
  • Processing
  • Output
  • Storage
  • Communication
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13
Q

What is processing?

A

Processing is transforming disorganized data into structured information

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14
Q

What does the Control Unit of the CPU do?

A

The Control Unit directs the data and instructions in the device

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15
Q

The Arithmetic Logic Unit handles…

A

All the calculations and comparisons

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16
Q

Primary Storage is also called:

A
  • Immediate Access Storage
  • Main Memory
17
Q

What is a difference between RAM and ROM?

A

RAM keeps the device’s essential data only when the device is powered on but ROM keeps it even when the device is powered off.

18
Q

List 4 characteristics of RAM.

A
  • Relatively fast primary storage
  • Volatile (loses its contents when it loses power)
  • Smaller than secondary storage sizes
  • Expensive
19
Q

List 3 characteristics of ROM

A
  • The data and instructions stored on the ROM chip are put there by the creator
  • It is ‘hard wired’ into the memory chip
  • Information stored here is permanent
20
Q

Three characteristics of Secondary Storage are:

A
  • Used to store data for the long term or permanently
  • More portable than primary storage
  • Easier to transmit or copy data from one device to another
21
Q

Magnetic Tape is:

A
  • Found in mechanical hard drives, magnetic tape and floppy disks
  • Used to store or backup high amounts of data
  • Uses magnetic data to store data
  • Cheaper, more vulnerable movement
22
Q

Three characteristics about Magnetic Disks:

A
  • Are used to record information using magnetic patterns
  • Stores data on magnetic platters
  • Evolve over time
23
Q

List 4 characteristics of Optical Storage.

A
  • Found in CDs, DVDs and other optical devices
  • Used to store or backup high amounts of data, video or audio files
  • Uses light (laser) to write and read from the disc
  • Vulnerable to physical damage and light-based interference
24
Q

What are 3 characteristics of Flash Storage?

A
  • Found in modern solid state drives, memory cards and flash drives
  • Relatively durable
  • Portable
  • Not cost effective
25
Q

Two characteristics of Solid State Drives:

A
  • Uses flash memory instead of spinning disks
  • Offered faster access times and greater durability compared to HDDs
26
Q

What is Backup?

A

Backup is the process of creating a copy of data stored on a device, system or server to protect it from loss, damage or corruption

27
Q

The backup copy is used in case of ________, _______ or ________

A

The backup copy is used in case of hardware failure, accidental deletion or cyberattacks

28
Q

What is archiving?

A

Archiving is a copy of data made for long-term storage and reference

29
Q

Archived data is stored for _________, __________, or __________.

A

Archived data is stored for reference, legal compliance, or historical purposes.

30
Q

What is cloud storage?

A

Cloud storage is data that is stored on remote servers and it is engaged via the internet

31
Q

Cloud storage allows users to…

A

Create, edit and share data via an internet connection

32
Q

What is Local Storage?

A

Local storage is a physical storage device directly connected internally or externally to the computer system hardware

Information Technology (3 decks)

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