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Computer essentials Flashcards

1
Q

What does ICT stand for?

A

-Information communication technology

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2
Q

Examples of information communication technology

A

-Digital cameras -MP3 players -Laptop Google -Twitter -Keyboards -Mouse -Monitors -TV -Speakers

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3
Q

Health and safety when using an electronic device

A

-Electrical injuries from damaged wires or incorrect connections -Overloaded power sockets=fires -Fires from badly stored materials (paper around equipment) -Poor ventilation and breakdowns (need to be kept cool and printers cause unhealthy fumes) -Incorrect equipment handling (heavy or large devices)=injuries

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4
Q

Health and safety requirements in workplace

A

-Take regular breaks from ICT devices (1 or 2 minutes per hour) -Look away from screens often (blink often) -Vary work activities so you do not perform same task too long -Do not sit with poor posture or hold heavy ICT devices for too long -Stretching exercises to relax muscles and stay active

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5
Q

Rules when using a laptop or desktop for a long time

A

-Positions computer monitor in front of you with the top of the screen at roughly the same height as your eyes=50-80cm -Adjust the position of your chair so that you can sit upright at your desk about one arm’s length away from your screen (50 to 80 centimetres is recommended).

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6
Q

2 types of hardware

A

-Input -output

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7
Q

Examples of input devices

A

-Scanner -Joystick -webcam -Keyboard

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8
Q

Examples of output devices

A

-Headphones -Printer -Speakers

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9
Q

Examples of both input and output devices

A

-Cameras -Touchscreen -CD

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10
Q

What are peripheral devices?

A

-Hardware connected to the PC such as Printer

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11
Q

Most popular way to connect peripheral devices

A

-USB

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12
Q

What other methods are used to connect peripheral devices?

A

-WI-FI and bluetooth

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13
Q

Different types of data storage

A

1 Bit (b) Nibble (4 bits) 1 Byte (B) (8 bits) 1 Kilobyte (KB) (1024 bytes) 1 Megabyte (MB) (1024 KB) 1 Gigabyte (GB) (1024 MB) 1 Terabyte (TB) (1024 GB) 1 Petabyte (PB)

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14
Q

What is software?

A

-Program” of instructions….. tell an ICT device what to do, how to do it, and when. -perform a specific task when “run” on a device

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15
Q

What are the most popular types of software?

A

-Operating systems such as windows, Mac OS or mobile operating systems such as android.

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16
Q

What is proprietary software license?

A

-A licence to use software must be paid for before you are allowed to use the program.

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17
Q

What is a trial software license?

A

software allows you to try out a program for a limited time (or with limited functionality). If you like it, you must pay for a licence to use the “full version

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18
Q

What is shareware?

A

products can be given to others and trialled initially for free, but if you like and use it, you must pay for a licence

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19
Q

What is freeware?

A

-you can freely use and give away copies of free software.

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20
Q

What is open source software?

A

-software is the same as free software. However, the program’s code is also available so programmers can make changes to it

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21
Q

What affects device performance?

A

-is mainly based on the combination and speed of its hardware components -Speed of CPU -Amount of RAM -Capacity and speed of main storage devices -The number of programs/processes running at once -Network Bandwidth

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22
Q

What is RAM?

A

-Random Access Memory - to store data short-term for quicker access.

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23
Q

What is a CPU?

A

-Central Processing Unit -The CPU is the primary component of a computer that processes instructions

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24
Q

What is an operating device?

A

the low-level software that supports a computer’s basic functions, such as scheduling tasks and controlling peripherals.

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25
Logging on & off on windows 10
insert image on desktop
26
File explorer
insert image
27
How to use the windows apps i.e news app
-Display the start menu and click all apps. Then locate and click the news app
28
How to look at task views (All open windows)
Click on \*image\* to preview -Or windows + tab
29
How force close unresponsive programs?
-Ctrl alt del -Select task manager -Select unresponsive task and end task
30
How to select a range of files?
- Key Click where to start and where to end
31
How to select specific files?
Key Click each wanted file
32
Difference between cut and copy?
The difference is that the “cut” method deletes the original from the document, while the copy method leaves the original in place, allowing you to paste its duplicate somewhere else. -Both store in clipbaord -Cut is move
33
The recycle bin
-When files or folders are deleted they are not instantly removed from your computer. They are placed in a special folder on the Desktop called the Recycle Bin. -Until the Recycle Bin is emptied the contents can always be restored to their original locations
34
How to print on wordpad?
-Page setup options can be chosen and a preview of the printed page shown before printing
35
How to print entire screen display?
-Press print screen key
36
How to printscreen active window only?
-Alt and print screen
37
How to arrange icons on desktop?
-clicking or dragging -right click on empty part of desktop, sort by and name
38
What is compressing?
-To reduce the space occupied by older files and folders that you no longer use but wish to keep, you can create compressed versions of them. This process is known as zipping and shrinks files down to a fraction of their original size. -Before the compressed contents of a zip file can be used, it is advisable to extract them. This is because it is not best practice to edit files contained in a zip.
39
How to compress a file?
-Right click and send to compressed (zipped) file
40
How to open setting on windows 10?
-Start menu and settings -Search for control panel or more detailed settings
41
Different setting panel features
-System -Devices -Network and internet -Personalisation -Accounts -Time & language -Ease of access -Privacy -Update & security
42
System setting feature
-Adjust your computer’s display settings, manage apps, control notifications, and change power and default storage options
43
Devices setting feature
Add, remove and configure hardware attached to your computer including storage devices, mice, and printers.
44
Network & internet setting feature
-View data usage and change how your computer connects to a local network and the Internet.
45
Personalisation setting feature
Change the way Windows looks, from desktop backgrounds to window colours.
46
Accounts setting feature
-Change log-on passwords and user details.
47
Time & language setting feature
-Change your computer’s date and time, its location, and the language used to show information.
48
Ease of access setting feature
-Find ways to more easily access your computer if you are vision, hearing or mobility impaired.
49
Privacy setting feature
-Control how apps access and use your location, personal information, camera, microphone and account details.
50
Update & security setting feature
-Check for updates to Windows and other Microsoft programs, control security settings, and backup and restore files.
51
How to change the resolution of screen.
-Control panel/display/resolution
52
How to set time automatically using the toggle button?
-blue pill looking symbol with a white dot
53
How to change language on device?
-Time and language setting on setting panel -Select the region & language category on the left
54
Benefits of a windows update
As errors and security problems are found in Windows and other Microsoft programs, the creators release updates to fix them
55
Backing up slide
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56
How to install and uninstall programs?
-With the Settings panel open, click System. Then, from the category headers that appear on the left, select Apps & features. -list and notice that the program’s Name, Publisher, Version, date Installed On and Size are all shown -Locate the Uninstall button
57
How to add printer?
Settings Panel/Devices/Printers and scanners to view a list of peripheral devices connected to your computer. Printers and add printer
58
How to pause a document from printing
-Click on document
59
Which is the default printer?
The one with the green tick
60
What is a network?
-A network is the name given to two or more ICT devices that are connected to each other
61
What is a LAN?
-Local Area Network -Setting up a home or office network
62
How to set up a Local are network?
-All that is needed is a device such as a router or switch to control the flow of data between devices and a modem to access the Internet. -ICT devices can connect to networks via the router using cables or wireless Wi-Fi connection
63
What is the internet?
a global network of linked ICT devices that allow people from all over the world to communicate and share information. It operates in a similar way to the LAN you may have at home but on a much larger scale.
64
3 types of bandwidth?
Kilobits (kbps) 1000 bits per second Megabits (mbps) 1,000,000 bits per second Gigabits (gbps)-1,000,000,000
65
Where to locate network settings about wireless and wired setting?
-Notification area in task bar
66
What is a chat room?
Chat rooms are online spaces that allow people with similar interests to come together and talk about topics which interest them in “real time”. Text is typed into a shared window that all connected users see.
67
What is instant message (IM)
-you always know when your contacts are online and you can easily start a text or video based conversation with them. These tools are very useful for communicating with colleagues instantly and can be used to request help and support from others.
68
What is e-mail?
-Short for electronic mail, this basic ICT system for sending short messages and files to other people is still the most dominant form of online communication – especially in business.
69
What is VoIP?
-Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) software such as Skype can turn an ICT device (and optional webcam) into a phone, allowing you to talk to friends, family, colleagues and customers anywhere in the world.
70
What are forums & bulletin boards
-Businesses and people with similar interests can share their views and post messages on dedicated websites called forums or bulletin boards. These can also be used for requesting help and support from others who are often experts in their fields.
71
What are blogs?
-A blog (which is short for web-log) is simply an online diary in which you can “post” anything that is on your mind. They are very easy to set up and readers are often able to comment on individual posts.
72
What is the cloud?
-The “cloud” is the name given to a range of online storage areas and Internet-based tools and services. Popular technologies such as OneDrive and Office 365 web apps operate in the cloud, allowing people to access, create, share and edit files from anywhere in the world.
73
What is social networking?
-Social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter allow people to communicate with friends and family online by sharing photos, videos, links and comments. You can also chat with friends in real time anywhere in the world.
74
Safe and proper practice online
Data protection laws protect an individual’s right to privacy and require that personal information is kept safe and secure at all times. Copyright laws protect any original work (text, images, music, videos, software, games, etc.) from being copied, used, altered, distributed or sold without the express permission of their owner. To prevent other people from gaining access to your ICT devices, you need to protect them with a Password or PIN (Personal Identification Number
75
Safe and proper practise further
Always use appropriate language and remember to spell-check your messages. Do not trust that people are who they say they are online. Do not send messages or pictures that are likely to offend the person receiving them. Never give your own personal or financial details. Always respect other people’s confidentiality.
76
What is a virus?
-a small piece of “malicious software”
77
What is malware?
-designed to “infect” and cause harm to a computer.
78
What is adware?
-This type of software “pops up” annoying advertisements from the Internet.
79
What is spyware?
-This type of software hides on your computer and interferes with your use of the system. Spyware can also record personal, sensitive data and send that information to another person via the Internet.
80
What is a worm
-This type of software can damage files on your computer, and like viruses are able to copy themselves to other devices (often via e-mail).
81
What is a trojan?
-These are files that look harmless (for example pictures, documents and spreadsheets) but contain any number of the threats shown above.
82
How to open windows defender?
-Open the start menu and click all apps. -Expand the windows system folder and select Windows defender
83
How to access windows firewall?
Open the Settings panel and select Network & Internet. From the settings listed on the right, click Windows Firewall below Related settings. Advanced Windows Firewall settings appear.
84
Features on ease of access
-Magnifier -On-screen keyboard -Narrator -High contrast -Closed captioning
85
What is a magnifier?
-The Magnifier feature shows an enlarged view of the screen where the mouse is pointing.
86
What is the on-screen keyboard?
-The on-screen keyboard allows you to enter text using only the mouse (or other pointing device).
87
What is the narrator?
-This is a screen-reader which reads aloud any text that appears on-screen.
88
What is high contrast in ease of access?
-A high contrast display is easier to view as items and text are more distinct.
89
What is closed captioning
-displays audio as text. This provides people who are deaf or hard-of-hearing with subtitles where needed (e.g. movies played in a video app).
90
What is green computing?
-practice of using environmentally friendly, energy-efficient ICT devices:
91
Ways to contribute to green computing?
-always try to shut-down Windows when it is not in use (or place it into a low-power stand-by mode). set your computer to turn off displays and hard-drives after a period of inactivity. -Put computer into sleep
92
3 ways to make your computer run more smoothly?
-Check disk -Defragment and optimise drives -Disk clean-up
93
What is check disk?
-scans storage devices for errors and attempts to fix them.
94
What is defragment and optimise drives?
-locates files and folders on a storage device and rearranges them to increase performance
95
What is disk clean-up?
you get rid of any unnecessary files that use up storage space.
96
Disk cleanup slide
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97
Desktop layout
98
File explorer
99
Task view button to view all open windows
100
How to add a virual desktop?
Click task view button and drop pn the bottom right corner
101
Where to get help and support on windows?
Click the Start button to display the Start Menu. Click All Apps and then find and click Get Started.
102
File and Folder navigation
103
File types and icons
Text file, PowerPoint presentation, Publisher File, Excel Spreadsheet, Access Database, Project File, CSV Data, Zip File, AVI Video.
104
How to change the ways the files can be shown?
Clicking once on the relevant header bar
105
Item properties on a word document
106
Search filters when searching a document
107
Wordpad how to access and layout
108
How to create shortcuts?
Pinning to taskbar or sending to desktop

ICT (2 decks)

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