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AWS > Compute Service > Flashcards

Compute Service Flashcards

1
Q

what can you use as a firewall?

A

security group

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2
Q

what kind of service is EC2?

A

infrastructure as a service

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3
Q

which instance types do you know?

A

general purpose, compute optimized, memory optimized, storage optimized

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4
Q

name a few examples for compute optimized instances

A
  • batch processing workloads
  • media transcoding
  • high performance web servers
  • high performance computing (HPC)
  • scientific modeling & machine learning
  • dedicated gaming servers
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5
Q

name a few examples for memory optimized instances

A
  • floating point number calculations
  • graphic processing
  • data pattern matching
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6
Q

name a few examples for storage optimized instances

A
  • high frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems
  • relational and NoSQL databases
  • cache for in-memory databases (redis)
  • data warehousing applications
  • distributed file systems
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7
Q

what can you use to customize the software installation when the instance is launched?

A

apply an AMI to an instance

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8
Q

what can you use to balance the traffic to several instances?

A

Elastic Load Balancing

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9
Q

what can you use to automatically add or remove instances (scale horizontaly)?

A

EC2 Auto Scaling

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10
Q

What service runs code in response to an event (trigger), without you needing to provide (or manage) a server?

A

AWS Lambda

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11
Q

Name a few examples of triggers for AWS Lambda

A

click on a website, an api-call, an image upload, output from a connected device

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12
Q

Is IAM a global service?

A

Yes

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13
Q

What can you say about the root user?

A
  • is created by default

- shouldn’t be used or shared!

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14
Q

What are user?

A

Users are people within your organization and can be grouped

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15
Q

Can groups contain other groups?

A

No, groups can only contain users

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16
Q

What are the two rules for groups regarding users?

A

Users don’t have to belong to a group and user can belong to multiple groups

17
Q

What are policies?

A

Policies are JSON documents, which can be assigned to users or groups and define the permissions of the users

18
Q

What is the principle you should use regarding policies?

A

Least privilege principle

19
Q

What password policy can you set up?

A
  • minimum password length
  • lowercase letters, numbers, non-alphanumeric characters
  • prevent password re-use
20
Q

What can you use to make your account more safe?

A

multifactor autorization (MFA)

21
Q

Name the three options to access AWS and how they are protected:

A
  • AWS Management Console (protected by password + MFA)
  • AWS Command Line Interface (CLI) (protected by access key)
  • AWS Software Developer Kit (SDK) - for code: protected by access keys
22
Q

Where can you get access keys and who manages the access keys?

A

Access Keys are generated through the AWS Console and users manage their own access keys

23
Q

Can you share your access keys with others?

A

No! Like passwords you should keep them secret!

24
Q

With what can you compare Access Key ID and Secret Access Key?

A

Access Key ID is like username and Secret Access Key is like password

25
Q

Can you assign IAM Roles to Services?

A

Yes, because some services need to perform actions on your behalf and you have to assign permissions to these services with IAM Roles

26
Q

Who provides (or can provide) AMIs?

A
  • AWS (public AMI)
  • AWS marketplace (made and maintained by a user)
  • your own AMI (made and maintained by yourself)
27
Q

What stand AMI for?

A

Amazon Machine Image

28
Q

Can EC2 Auto Scaling scale across zones?

A

Yes

29
Q

What are the keywords for EC2 Auto Scaling?

A

dynamic scaling -> responds to changing demands

predictive scaling -> automatically schedules the right number of instances based on predicted demands

30
Q

What is the usage of ELB health check?

A

The health check is used to only send requests to healthy instances

31
Q

What are the three types of ELBs and what are they used for?

A
  • Application Load Balancer -> specially designed for web applications with http and https traffic and operates at the application layer
  • Network Load Balancer -> operate at the network layer and are more resilient to sudden traffic spikes
  • Classic Load Balancer -> are the previous generation of Load Balancers designed for Amazon EC2 Classic instances
32
Q

name six reasons for ELB

A
  • spread load across multiple downstream instances
  • expose a single point of access (DNS) to your application
  • seamlessly handle failure of downstreams instances
  • do regular health checks to your instances
  • provide SSL termination (HTTPS) for your websites
  • high availability across zones
33
Q

What is Amazon Machine Image?

A

AMI is a customization of an EC2 instances

34
Q

What can you do with AMI?

A

You can add own software, configuration, operating system, monitoring etc.

35
Q

Are AMIs built for a specific region?

A

Yes, but they can be copied across regions

36
Q

What is the EC2 Image Builder for?

A
  • automate the creation of Virtual Machines or container images
  • automate the creation, maintain, validate and test EC2 AMIs
  • can be run on a schedule (for example weekly or whenever packages are updated etc.)
37
Q

What are the prices for EC2 Image Builder?

A

This service is free (only pay for underlying services)

AWS (6 decks)

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