Compute in the cloud Flashcards
What is Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud abbreviation?
Amazon EC2
Do you pay for stopped or terminated EC2 instances?
NO
What does EC2 run on top of?
Runs on top of physical host machines
What is responsible for sharing the underlying physical resources?
Hypervisor
What is multitenancy?
Sharing underlying hardware between virtual machines
What does the hypervisor isolate?
The virtual machines from each other,as they share resources from the host.
Do you have control over the configuration of EC2 instances?
Yes
What do we call when we give EC2 more memory and more CPU?
Vertically Scaling
What model is EC2?
Compute as a service (CaaS)
Name some of the Amazon EC2 instance types?
General purpose
Computer optimized
Memory optimized
Accelerated computing
Storage optimized
What are general purpose instances used for?(EC2)
General purpose instances provide a balance of compute, memory, and networking resources. You can use them for a variety of workloads, such as:
application servers gaming servers backend servers for enterprise applications small and medium databases
What are compute optimized instances used for?(EC2)
Ideal for compute-bound applications that benefit from high-performance processors. Like general purpose instances, you can use compute optimized instances for workloads such as web, application, and gaming servers.
What are memory optimized instances used for?(EC2)
Designed to deliver fast performance for workloads that process large datasets in memory. In computing, memory is a temporary storage area. It holds all the data and instructions that a central processing unit (CPU) needs to be able to complete actions. Before a computer program or application is able to run, it is loaded from storage into memory. This preloading process gives the CPU direct access to the computer program.
What are accelerated computing instances used for?(EC2)
Use hardware accelerators, or coprocessors, to perform some functions more efficiently than is possible in software running on CPUs. Examples of these functions include floating-point number calculations, graphics processing, and data pattern matching.
What are storage optimized instances used for?(EC2)
Designed for workloads that require high, sequential read and write access to large datasets on local storage. Examples of workloads suitable for storage optimized instances include distributed file systems, data warehousing applications, and high-frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems
Which Amazon EC2 instance type is suitable for data warehousing applications?
Memory optimized
Storage optimized
General purpose
Compute optimized
Storage optimized
Which Amazon EC2 instance type balances compute, memory, and networking resources?
Memory optimized
Storage optimized
General purpose
Compute optimized
General purpose
Which Amazon EC2 instance type is ideal for high-performance databases?
Memory optimized
Storage optimized
General purpose
Compute optimized
Memory optimized
Which Amazon EC2 instance type offers high-performance processors?
Memory optimized
Storage optimized
General purpose
Compute optimized
Compute optimized
Amazon EC2 pricing. On-demand?
On-Demand Instances are ideal for short-term, irregular workloads that cannot be interrupted. No upfront costs or minimum contracts apply. The instances run continuously until you stop them, and you pay for only the compute time you use
EC2 Instance Savings Plans
AWS offers Savings Plans for a few compute services, including Amazon EC2. EC2 Instance Savings Plans reduce your EC2 instance costs when you make an hourly spend commitment to an instance family and Region for a 1-year or 3-year term. This term commitment results in savings of up to 72 percent compared to On-Demand rates. Any usage up to the commitment is charged at the discounted Savings Plans rate (for example, $10 per hour). Any usage beyond the commitment is charged at regular On-Demand rates.
Amazon EC2 pricing. Spot Instances
Spot Instances are ideal for workloads with flexible start and end times, or that can withstand interruptions. Spot Instances use unused Amazon EC2 computing capacity and offer you cost savings at up to 90% off of On-Demand prices.
Amazon EC2 pricing.Reserved Instances?
Reserved Instances are a billing discount applied to the use of On-Demand Instances in your account. There are two available types of Reserved Instances:
Standard Reserved Instances Convertible Reserved Instances
You can purchase Standard Reserved and Convertible Reserved Instances for a 1-year or 3-year term. You realize greater cost savings with the 3-year option.
Standard Reserved Instances: This option is a good fit if you know the EC2 instance type and size you need for your steady-state applications and in which AWS Region you plan to run them. Reserved Instances require you to state the following qualifications:
Instance type and size: For example, m5.xlarge Platform description (operating system): For example, Microsoft Windows Server or Red Hat Enterprise Linux Tenancy: Default tenancy or dedicated tenancy
You have the option to specify an Availability Zone for your EC2 Reserved Instances. If you make this specification, you get EC2 capacity reservation. This ensures that your desired amount of EC2 instances will be available when you need them.
Convertible Reserved Instances: If you need to run your EC2 instances in different Availability Zones or different instance types, then Convertible Reserved Instances might be right for you. Note: You trade in a deeper discount when you require flexibility to run your EC2 instances.
At the end of a Reserved Instance term, you can continue using the Amazon EC2 instance without interruption. However, you are charged On-Demand rates until you do one of the following:
Terminate the instance. Purchase a new Reserved Instance that matches the instance attributes (instance family and size, Region, platform, and tenancy).
Amazon EC2 pricing. Spot Instances?
Spot Instances are ideal for workloads with flexible start and end times, or that can withstand interruptions. Spot Instances use unused Amazon EC2 computing capacity and offer you cost savings at up to 90% off of On-Demand prices.
Suppose that you have a background processing job that can start and stop as needed (such as the data processing job for a customer survey). You want to start and stop the processing job without affecting the overall operations of your business. If you make a Spot request and Amazon EC2 capacity is available, your Spot Instance launches. However, if you make a Spot request and Amazon EC2 capacity is unavailable, the request is not successful until capacity becomes available. The unavailable capacity might delay the launch of your background processing job.
After you have launched a Spot Instance, if capacity is no longer available or demand for Spot Instances increases, your instance may be interrupted. This might not pose any issues for your background processing job. However, in the earlier example of developing and testing applications, you would most likely want to avoid unexpected interruptions. Therefore, choose a different EC2 instance type that is ideal for those tasks.
