Compute

Question 1

Dedicated Hosts

Answer 1

An Amazon EC2 Dedicated Host is a physical server with EC2 instance capacity fully dedicated to your use. Dedicated Hosts allow you to use your existing software licenses on EC2 instances. With a Dedicated Host, you have visibility and control over how instances are placed on the server.

Question 2

Dedicated Instances

Answer 2

Amazon EC2 instances that run in a virtual private cloud (VPC) on hardware that’s dedicated to a single customer.

However, Dedicated Instances may share hardware with other instances from the same AWS account that are not Dedicated Instances.

Question 3

What conditions must be true to hibernate an EC2?

Answer 3

You can hibernate an instance only if it’s enabled for hibernation and it meets the hibernation prerequisites.

Must be on-demand or reserved instance

Question 4

What happens when you start your Hibernated instance?

Answer 4

The EBS root volume is restored to its previous state

The RAM contents are reloaded

The processes that were previously running on the instance are resumed

Previously attached data volumes are reattached and the instance retains its instance ID

Question 5

Savings Plan

Answer 5

Savings Plans is a flexible pricing model offering lower prices compared to On-Demand pricing, in exchange for a specific usage commitment (measured in $/hour) for a one or three-year period.

AWS offers three types of Savings Plans – Compute Savings Plans, EC2 Instance Savings Plans, and Amazon SageMaker Savings Plans.

Question 6

What commitment timeframe is required for a reserved instance?

Answer 6

1 or 3 year term

Question 7

Name pricing models you can use when requesting an EC2?

Answer 7

1. On Demand
2. Reserved
3. Spot (persistent, one-time)
4. Dedicated Instance
5. Dedicated Host
6. Savings Plan

Question 8

Partition placement groups

Answer 8

spread EC2 instances across logical partitions and ensure that instances in different partitions do not share the same underlying hardware, thus containing the impact of hardware failure to a single partition

Question 9

EC2 Spread Placement Group, What limit applies?

Answer 9

a grouping of instances that are purposely positioned on distinct underlying hardware. This grouping reduces the risk of simultaneous failures that could occur if instances were sharing underlying hardware. This type of group can span multiple Availability Zones, up to a maximum of seven instances per Availability Zone per group.

Question 10

EC2 Cluster Placement Group

Answer 10

a logical grouping of instances within a single Availability Zone. This grouping provides the lowest latency and highest packet per second network performance possible.

Question 11

EC2 Instance Metadata

Answer 11

Look up information about the instance itself at http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data

Question 12

What does an AMI include?

Answer 12

One or more EBS volumes/snapshots

A template for the root volume (contains OS and all software installed)

Launch Permission that control which AWS accounts can use the AMI

A block device mapping that specifies the volumes to attach if any when it is launched

Question 13

Amazon ECS

Answer 13

Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) is a fully managed container orchestration service. ECS allows you to easily run, scale, and secure Docker container applications on AWS

Question 14

AWS Fargate

How is it billed?

Answer 14

AWS Fargate is a serverless compute engine for containers that works with both Amazon Elastic Container Service (ECS) and Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (EKS).

Fargate eliminates the need to provision and manage servers, lets you specify and pay for resources per application, and improves security through application isolation by design

Question 15

What operations does Fargate manage

Answer 15

Provisioning
Patching
Cluster capacity management
Infrastructure management

Question 16

What is the pricing for Amazon ECS?

Answer 16

There is no additional charge for Amazon ECS. You pay for AWS resources (e.g. Amazon EC2 instances or EBS volumes) you create to store and run your application. You only pay for what you use, as you use it; there are no minimum fees and no upfront commitments.

Question 17

Elastic Fabric Adapter

Answer 17

a network device that you can attach to your Amazon EC2 instance to accelerate High Performance Computing (HPC) and machine learning applications

Question 18

Elastic Network Adapter

Answer 18

Elastic Network Adapter (ENA) devices support enhanced networking via single root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) to provide high-performance networking capabilities

Question 19

EC2 Categories

Answer 19

General Purpose
Compute Optimized
Memory Optimized
Accelerated Computing
Storage Optimized

Question 20

General Purpose EC2

Answer 20

General purpose instances provide a balance of compute, memory and networking resources, and can be used for a variety of diverse workloads. These instances are ideal for applications that use these resources in equal proportions such as web servers and code repositories.

Question 21

Compute Optimized EC2

Answer 21

Compute Optimized instances are ideal for compute bound applications that benefit from high performance processors. Instances belonging to this family are well suited for batch processing workloads, media transcoding, high performance web servers, high performance computing (HPC), scientific modeling, dedicated gaming servers and ad server engines, machine learning inference and other compute intensive applications.

Question 22

Memory Optimized EC2

Answer 22

Memory optimized instances are designed to deliver fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory

Question 23

Accelerated Computing

Answer 23

Accelerated computing instances use hardware accelerators, or co-processors, to perform functions, such as floating point number calculations, graphics processing, or data pattern matching, more efficiently than is possible in software running on CPUs.

Question 24

Storage Optimized

Answer 24

Storage optimized instances are designed for workloads that require high, sequential read and write access to very large data sets on local storage. They are optimized to deliver tens of thousands of low-latency, random I/O operations per second (IOPS) to applications.

Question 25

EC2 detailed monitoring

How is billing impacted?

Answer 25

EC2 console displays monitoring graphs with a 1-minute period for the instance

You are charged per metric that is sent to CloudWatch