Computational Thinking (IV) - Exam Reference Language

Question 1

What does the comparison operator == mean?

Answer 1

Equal to

Question 2

What does the comparison operator != mean?

Answer 2

Not equal to

Question 3

What does the comparison operator < mean?

Answer 3

Less than

Question 4

What does the comparison operator <= mean?

Answer 4

Less than or equal to

Question 5

What does the comparison operator > mean?

Answer 5

Greater than

Question 6

What does the comparison operator >= mean?

Answer 6

Greater than or equal to

Question 7

What is the arithmetic operator for addition?

Answer 7

+

Question 8

What is the arithmetic operator for subtraction?

Answer 8

-

Question 9

What is the arithmetic operator for multiplication?

Answer 9

*

Question 10

What is the arithmetic operator for division?

Answer 10

/

Question 11

What is the arithmetic operator for exponent?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is the arithmetic operator for modulus?

Answer 12

MOD

Question 13

What is the arithmetic operator for quotient?

Answer 13

DIV

Question 14

What are the three Boolean operators?

Answer 14

AND (logical AND)

OR (logical OR)

NOT (logical NOT)

Question 15

What is used for a comment?

Give an example

Answer 15

//

//Square a number
squared = number^2

//Print the result
print(squared)

Question 16

What is the symbol for the assignment of a variable?

Give an example

Answer 16

=

name = “Bob”

Question 17

What is the keyword for a constant?

Give an example

Answer 17

const

const temperaturelimit = 39.8

Question 18

What is the keyword for a global variable?

Give an example

Answer 18

global

global schoolID = “Noadswood”

Question 19

How can an input be given?

Answer 19

input(…)

Question 20

How can an output be given?

Answer 20

print(…)

Question 21

What casting keywords are used?

Answer 21

str()

int(“3”)

float(“4.52”)

real(“4.52”)

bool(“True”)

Question 22

Give an example of the FOR loop (count-controlled) iteration using for… to… next…

Answer 22

for i = 0 to 9

 print(“Loop”)

next I

This will print the word “Loop” ten times

Question 23

Give an example of the FOR loop (count-controlled) iteration using for… to… step… next…

Answer 23

for i = 2 to step 2

 print(i)

next i

This will print the even numbers from 2 to 10 (inclusive)

Question 24

Give an example of WHILE loop (condition-controlled) iteration using while… and endwhile

Answer 24

while answer != “correct”

 answer = input(“new answer required”)

endwhile

Loop until the user inputs “correct” with a check condition carried out before entering the loop

Question 25

Give an example of DO WHILE loop (condition-controlled) iteration using do and until…

Answer 25

do answer = input(“new answer required”) until answer == “correct” Loop until the user inputs “correct” with a check condition carried out after each loop

Question 26

What are the keywords for an IF-THEN-ELSE selection

Answer 26

if… then elseif… then else endif

Question 27

Give an example of an IF-THEN-ELSE selection

Answer 27

if answer == “Yes” then print(“correct”) elseif answer == “No” then print(“incorrect”) ``` else print(“error”) ``` endif

Question 28

What are the keywords for a CASE SELECT or SWITCH?

Answer 28

switch… : case… : case… : default: endswitch

Question 29

Give an example of a CASE SELECT or SWITCH

Answer 29

switch day : case “Saturday” : print(“Weekend - Saturday”) case “Sunday” : print(“Weekend = Sunday”) default: print(“Weekday”) endswitch

Question 30

How can a string length be found? Give an example

Answer 30

.length subject = “Computer Science”) subject. length * Gives the value 16

Question 31

How can .substring, .left and .right be used?

Answer 31

.substring(x , i) .left(i) .right(i) *x is starting index and i is number of characters; 0 indexed

Question 32

Give an example of .substring, .left and .right

Answer 32

subject = ”Computer Science” subject.substring(3,5) Returns “puter” subject.left(4) Returns “Comp” subject.right(3) Returns “nce”

Question 33

What is used for concatenation? Give an example

Answer 33

+ ``` stringA = “Hello” stringB = “ how are you?” ``` print(stringA + stringB)

Question 34

What are the keywords for uppercase and lowercase? Give examples

Answer 34

.upper .lower subject = “Computer Science” subject.upper Gives “COMPUTER SCIENCE” subject.lower Gives “computer science”

Question 35

What keywords are used for ASCII conversion? Give an example from a character to a reference number and vice versa

Answer 35

ASC(…) CHR(…) ASC(A) Returns 65 (numerical) CHR(97) Returns ‘a’ (character)

Question 36

How can a file be opened? Give an example

Answer 36

.open() myFile = open(“sample.txt”) *The file needs to be stored as a variable

Question 37

How can a file be closed? Give an example

Answer 37

.close() myFile.close()

Question 38

How can a line be read? Give an example

Answer 38

myFile.readLine() Returns next line in the file

Question 39

How can a line be written? Give an example

Answer 39

.writeLine(…) myFile.writeLine(“Add new line”) *The line will be written to the END of the file

Question 40

How can the end of file be identified? Give an example

Answer 40

.endOfFile() while NOT myFile.endOfFile() print(myFile.readLine()) endwhile

Question 41

How can a new file be created? Give an example

Answer 41

newFile() newFile(“myDocument.txt”) *Creates a new text file called “myDocument” which would need to be opened using the .open command

Question 42

Give the array declaration keyword and example using [5] colours

Answer 42

array colours(…) array colours[5] Creates 1D array with 5 elements (index 0 to 4)

Question 43

Give the array declaration keyword and example using colour example, e.g. “Blue”, “Green”, “Red” etc…

Answer 43

array colours(…) array colours = [“Blue”, “Green”, “Red”, “Yellow”, “Purple”] Arrays can be declared with values assigned

Question 44

Give an example on an array which is 0 indexed and stored as a single data type

Answer 44

array gameboard(…,…) = … array gameboard[8,8] Creates 2D array with 8 elements (index 0 to 7)

Question 45

Give an example of an assignment array with keywords used

Answer 45

names[…] = … gameboard[…,…] = … names[3] = “Pye” gameboard[1,0] = “Timber Hearth”

Question 46

What are the keywords for a procedure

Answer 46

procedure name(…) endprocedure

Question 47

Give an example of a procedure

Answer 47

procedure agePass() print(“You are old enough to ride”) endprocedure

Question 48

Give an example of how to call a procedure (called “check”) using the keywords

Answer 48

procedure(check)

Question 49

Give an example of calling a procedure called “check”

Answer 49

agePass() print(check) multiply(check1, check2)

Question 50

What are the keywords for a function?

Answer 50

function name(…) … return … endfunction

Question 51

Give an example of a function

Answer 51

function squared(number) squared = number^2 return squared endfunction

Question 52

How is the function “check” called?

Answer 52

function(check)

Question 53

Give an example of calling a function

Answer 53

print(check(4)) newValue = check(4) Function returns should be stored in a variable if needed for later use in a program

Question 54

What is the keyword for random?

Answer 54

random(…,…)

Question 55

Create a random integer between 1 and 6 inclusive

Answer 55

myVariable = random(1,6)

Question 56

Create a random real number between -1.0 and 10.0 inclusive

Answer 56

myVariable = random(-1.0,10.0)