Compusii chimici Flashcards

1
Q

Cum isi dobandesc configuratie stabila atomii elementelor care nu prezinta stabilitate?

A

Prin cedare, respectiv acceptare de electroni de pe ultimul strat, formand ioni.

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2
Q

Ce sunt ionii?

A

Atomi incarcati electric

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3
Q

Cum se numeste procesul de formare al ionilor?

A

Ionizare.

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4
Q

In functie de ce se clasifica elementele chimice?

A

a) in fct. de caracterul chimic (metal-nemetal)

b) in fct. de caracterul electrochimic (formarea ionilor)

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5
Q

Ce formeaza electro-pozitivii?

A

ioni pozitivi.

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6
Q

Ce formeaza electro-negativii?

A

ioni negativi.

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7
Q

Ce formeaza electro-neutre?

A

Nu formeaza ioni (gaze rare)

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8
Q

Cum se numesc ionii pozitivi?

A

CATIONI

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9
Q

Ce inseamna “tetra”?

A

patru.

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10
Q

Ce inseamna “penta”?

A

cinci

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11
Q

Ce inseamna “herta”?

A

sapte

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12
Q

Cum sunt ionul si gazul rar?

A

sunt izoelectronice, adica au acelasi nr. de electroni

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13
Q

Cum se numesc ionii negativi?

A

ANIONI

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14
Q

In ce se clasifica elementele chimice in tabel?

A

a) metale;

b) nementale.

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15
Q

Unde se gasesc metalele in tabel?

A

In partea stanga a liniei frante ingrosate din sistem

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16
Q

Care sunt caracteristicile metalelor?

A
  • sunt solide
  • conduce caldura si curentul electric
  • prezinta luciu metalic
  • nu se dizolva in apa
  • sunt maleabile (pot fi trase in foi)
  • ductibile (pot fi trase in fire)
  • se dizolva unele in altele, formand amestecuri omogene (solutii) numite aliaje
17
Q

Care sunt cateva aliaje?

A

Fonta, Otel, duraluminiu, alama, bronzuri.

18
Q

Ce avantaje au aliajele?

A
  • aliajele au reziatenta mecanica mai buna decat al elementelor din aliaj;
  • au temperatura de topire mai mica
19
Q

In ce stari de agregare se gasesc nemetalele?

A

toate starile de agregare

20
Q

Nemetalele solide au luciu?

A

Nu au luciu, cu exceptia iodului

21
Q

Nemetalele se dizolva in apa?

A

Nu se dizolva in apa, desi unele se dizolva partial

22
Q

Sunt izolatoare nemetalele?

A

sunt izolatori termici si electrici