CompTIA Part 1 : Computer Hardware Flashcards

1
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Form Factors

A

Size and shape of the motherboard, but also you need to take into account the power supply. Different power supplies use different connectors. 5 current and most popular form factors are:

Standard-ATX,

Micro-ATX,

Mini-ITX,

Nano-ITX,

Pico-ITX

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2
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Standard-ATX motherboard

A

12” x 9.6” largest of the current motherboards

it is very common we still use very large towers

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3
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Micro-ATX

A

9.6” x 9.6” has a similar design and layout as the standard-ATX usually has less expansion slots, but that can be curcumvented by other technology like a graphics card that will have a chip in it for expansion.

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4
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Mini-ITX

A

Largest of the ITX series 6.7 x 6.7

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5
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Nano-ITX

A

4.7” x 4.7

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6
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Pico-ITX

A

3.8” x 3.8” usually found in specialized devices like a router a benefit of smaller devices is low power consumption

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7
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

BUS it’s not really a public bus it’s more like the highway systems a bus would drive on. Its all the circuitry the data travels on and how data flows around form one component to the next on the motherboard.

Not to be confussed with a BUS slot which actually are Expansion Slots and are the following: ISA Slots, PCI Slots and AGP Slots.

A

North Bridge: is what’s most specifically responsible for allowing data to communicate back and forth between memory (RAM) and the processor. This usually will include the memory card because it usually has it’s own memory because of resource intensive for graphics

South Bridge: has to do with the connection of all your other devices, drives, external porst expansion slots and things like that.

Help you remember the north bridge is specifically between processor and memory.

south bridge kind of everything else if a question on the test talks about a problem with communication between the motherboard or something its the south bridge

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8
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Expansion Slots

A

Come in several variations

PCI-Express

32-bit PCI

PCI-X (X stands for extended)

PCI-e (Newest and fastest)

Laptop:

MiniPCI

MiniPCI Express

Riser Slots:

AMR (always towards center of motherboard)

CNR (always towards the end of a motherboard)

ACR (not very common-only on Asus motherboards)

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9
Q

(MotherBoard-Heart of Computer)

Front Panel Connectors

A

usually referred to as jumpers

pins that are sticking up

that can open or close a circuit to link things to the front of the case

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10
Q

Processor Operation

A

Processors work in cycles.

The speed of a processor is how many cycles it has the ability to process each second.

fetch

decode

execute

store

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11
Q

Processor Speeds

A

Hertz = the number of cycles

There is also a BUS speed

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12
Q

Processor Speeds

Overclocking

A

Overclocking = Running the CPU higher than a recommended speed

you risk potential overheating

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13
Q

Processor Speeds

Dynamic frequency scaling (CPU Throtteling)

A

You can automatically change the speed or frequency to help keep form overheating

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14
Q

Processor Speeds

actual speed itself

A

is measured by applying the clock multiplier to the frontside bus speed

e.g. a process running at 3200 mghz or 3.2 ghz might be using a 400 mghz front side bus and a 8 times clock multiplier and that’s how they get to the 3200 mghz or the 3.2 ghz

The theoretical speed is not the same speeds that are listed

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15
Q

Processor Width

A

This is the actual size of the highway

two common width 32 bit and 64 bit processors

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16
Q

32-bit (x86)

A

it’s called the x86 which was just a designation at the time way back it doesn’t mean it’s bigger than a 64 bit system

4 GB RAM Maximum

17
Q

64 -bit (x64)

A

64-bit system

16 EB RAM Maximum

18
Q

Threading

A

A creative way to make processors faster.

In RAM you have data for a task and you have data for a second task they can only process one task or thread at a time. But with multi threading (hyper threading) you could almost vurtualize two processors in a single physical processors. Keep in mind there is one processing core we’ve just got it to be able to multitask.

19
Q

Socket Types

A