Comptia Network+ Flashcards
a network that connects computers and devices in a single location, such as a home, office, or school.
Local Area Networks (LANs)
-LANs can be used to share resources, such as printers and file servers, and to communicate with each other using messaging and other applications.
a network that spans a large geographical area, such as a city, country, or even the entire world. WANs are typically used to connect LANs and other networks together, allowing devices in different locations to communicate with each other
Wide Area Networks (WANs)
a network that spans a large geographical area, such as a city or metropolitan region.
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)
-MANs are typically used to connect LANs and other networks together within a specific region.
a network that connects devices that are
in close proximity to each other, such as devices in the same room or within a few
feet of each other
Personal Area Networks (PANs)
PANs are often used to connect devices that are used by a single person, such as a smartphone, tablet, and laptop.
Medium to provide communication between systems
network
Portion of a network
Subnets – Short for “Subnetwork”
Type of network that provides wireless communication, AKA “Wi-Fi”
WLANs – Wireless Local Area Networks
Anything that gets an address to be able to communicate on a network is a
Nodes
Systems used for listening for requests for the information that they have, and respond to properly formed requests. Could be able to help resolve something, provide time, send and email, download an email, share files.
Servers
is a device that gives us a means of getting a lot of stations cabled up. great at
deploying a “Local Area Network”, or LAN. Focuses on Mac Addresses
A layer 2 switch
here the switch stores information about the other Ethernet interfaces to which it is connected on a network
MAC Address Table
What does MAC stand for
Media Access control
devices that move traffic. They are the major hops between any two
endpoints.
Router
set of rules, often viewed in table format, that’s used to determine where data packets traveling over an Internet Protocol (IP) network will be directed. This table is usually stored inside the Random Access Memory of forwarding devices, such as routers and network switches.
Routing Table
the process of collecting data from one device and sending it to another device
Forwarding
What layer are MAC address
Layer 2
What layer are IP addresses
Layer 3
the process of path selection in any network
Routing
do all the things a layer 2 switch can do, and they can do about 80% of the things a router can do. Capable of routing to subnets and vlans
Multilayer switches or layer 3 switches
Forwards data packets between devices. sends packets directly to devices, rather than sending them to networks like a router does.
Switches
Routes between subnets
router
virtual local area network that is a virtualized connection that connects multiple devices and network nodes from different LANs into one logical network.
VLAN
a networking device that allows wireless-capable devices to connect to a wired network
Access Point
monitors and manages wireless access points in bulk and allows wireless devices to connect to WLAN
Wireless LAN Controller
a network security device that monitors and filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on an organization’s previously established security policies
Firewall
a monitoring system that detects suspicious activities and generates alerts when they are detected.
Intrusion Detection System (IDS)
is a network security tool (which can be a hardware device or software) that continuously monitors a network for malicious activity and takes action to prevent it, including reporting, blocking, or dropping it, when it does occur.
An intrusion prevention system (IPS)
server application that acts as an intermediary between a client requesting a resource and the server providing that resource.
Proxy server
operates as a Layer 2 switch without VLAN features
Used to put two or more interfaces on a router or firewall in the same subnet
Bridge
regenerates a signal. like a hub
Repeater
circuit board that is installed on a computer to connect to the network
network interface card (NIC)
Which devices can provide connectivity
between two different subnets?
Layer 3 switch & Router
What do we call any computing device
connected to a network?
Node
What are capabilities of Layer 3 switches? (Choose two)
A - Can connect and segment two different departments
B- Can route between networks
C - Operates as a wifi access point
D - Provides sophisticated firewall services
E - Cand operate IDS
A - Can connect and segment two different departments
B- Can route between networks
a conceptual framework used to describe the functions of a networking system. The OSI model characterizes computing functions into a universal set of rules and requirements in order to support interoperability between different products and software.
OSI Model
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol and is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices on the internet.
TCP/IP
Layer 1 OSI Model
Physical Layer
The lowest layer of the OSI Model is concerned with electrically or optically transmitting raw unstructured data bits across the network from the physical layer of the sending device to the physical layer of the receiving device. It can include specifications such as voltages, pin layout, cabling, and radio frequencies. At the physical layer, one might find “physical” resources such as network hubs, cabling, repeaters, network adapters or modems.
Layer 2 OSI Model
Data Link Layer
Frame
**ARP-Address Resolution Protocol or procedure that connects an ever-changing Internet Protocol (IP) address to a fixed physical machine address, also known as a media access control (MAC) address, in a local-area network (LAN). **
Switches
directly connected nodes are used to perform node-to-node data transfer where data is packaged into frames. The data link layer also corrects errors that may have occurred at the physical layer.
encompasses two sub-layers of its own. The first, media access control (MAC), provides flow control and multiplexing for device transmissions over a network. The second, the logical link control (LLC), provides flow and error control over the physical medium as well as identifies line protocols.
Layer 3 OSI Model
Network Layer
Routers
ICMP-The Internet Control Message Protocol is a protocol that devices within a network use to communicate problems with data transmission.
IPV4 Addresses
The network layer is responsible for receiving frames from the data link layer, and delivering them to their intended destinations among based on the addresses contained inside the frame. The network layer finds the destination by using logical addresses, such as IP (internet protocol). At this layer, routers are a crucial component used to quite literally route information where it needs to go between networks.
Layer 4 OSI Model
Transport Layer
Segments
TCP and UDP
manages the delivery and error checking of data packets. It regulates the size, sequencing, and ultimately the transfer of data between systems and hosts. One of the most common examples of the transport layer is TCP or the Transmission Control Protocol.
Layer 5 OSI Model
Session Layer
Session management
Forming and tearing them down
controls the conversations between different computers. A session or connection between machines is set up, managed, and termined at layer 5. Session layer services also include authentication and reconnections.
Layer 6 OSI Model
Presentation Layer
compression
formats or translates data for the application layer based on the syntax or semantics that the application accepts. Because of this, it at times also called the syntax layer. This layer can also handle the encryption and decryption required by the application layer.
Layer 7 OSI Model
Application Layer
both the end user and the application layer interact directly with the software application. This layer sees network services provided to end-user applications such as a web browser or Office 365. The application layer identifies communication partners, resource availability, and synchronizes communication.
OSI Model
1.Please - Physical
2.Do - Data Link
3.Not - Network
4.Throw - Transport
5.Sausage - Session
6.Pizza - Presentation
7.Away - Application
What are PDUs
Protocol data units
PDUs
Payload (Layer 5-7)
Layer 4 - Segment - Salavation
Layer 3 - Packet - Produces
Layer 2 - Frame - Frying
Layer 1 - Bits - Bacon
What are the formats of MAC addresses
Cisco - fcfb.fb43.2e08
Linux - 0c:fd:37:43:2e:08
Microsoft - F0-6E-0B-43-2E-08
