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comptia fundamentals > comptia fundamentals > Flashcards

comptia fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

What do Linux, Mac OS and Linux all share?

A

Windows, Mac OS, and Linux all share the hierarchical file system structure.
Hierarchical refers to the way directories/folders are displayed to the user. There is a root level and then all of the directories under that root level. For Linux and Mac OS, the root level is /.
For Windows it is C:.

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2
Q

What does Bit level compatibility mean?

A

Bit-level compatibility means 32-bit or 64-bit compatibility of software.

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3
Q

What is an Inode?

A

An inode is a file system index that points to a file or directory and is only used in *nix style operating systems.

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4
Q

What is windows update?

A

Windows update is the Microsoft service that runs on every Windows computer that tracks available updates, patches, service packs, and drivers for your Windows operating systems.

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5
Q

What is windows management instruction?

A

Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) is the infrastructure for management data and operations on Windows-based operating systems.

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6
Q

what is windows on windows?

A

Windows on Windows is a compatibility layer of 32-bit versions of the Microsoft Windows NT family of operating systems that extends the NTVDM to provide limited support for running legacy Win16 applications.

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7
Q

What is an operating system?

A

An operating system is an interface between the user and the computer. It manages communication between input devices, output devices, and peripherals.

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8
Q

What is application software?

A

Application software provides specific functionality, such as word processing, and is generally written to run on a specific operating system.

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9
Q

What is Licensed Software?

A

Licensed software is software that requires the user to enter a valid license key before the program will install and/or run

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10
Q

What is Productivity Software?

A

Productivity software is a broad category that often refers to applications that allows users to create typed documents, spreadsheets, and presentations, or to manage projects.

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11
Q

What does Red Hat Support?

A

Red Hat officially supports Red Hat Enterprise Linux, while the more user-oriented operating system (Fedora) is community-supported.

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12
Q

What does Unix systems typically run operating systems such as?

A

Unix systems typically run operating systems such as BSD, Darwin, and Solaris.

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13
Q

What does the Windows Bit Locker Feature Provide?

A

The Windows BitLocker feature provides full disk-encryption protection for the operating system. BitLocker ensures the protection of early startup components and locks volumes in order to prevent access or tampering when the operating system is not running.

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14
Q

How can you run older versions of Microsoft Office on Newer versions of windows?

A

Older versions of Microsoft Office can be run on newer versions of Windows with the Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack.

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15
Q

What is Chrome OS considered to be and why?

A

Because Chrome OS does not store any files locally on the machine it runs on, is it considered to be a stateless OS

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16
Q

What do all the other operating systems rely on for storage?

A

All of the other operating systems rely on physical disks for storing and managing files and application data.

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17
Q

What Windows utility monitors the system for changes to core system files, drivers, and the registry?

A

The System Restore utility creates restore points, which are snapshots of the system configuration at a given moment in time. You can use these restore points to revert to an earlier state of your system settings without affecting user data, such as documents.

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18
Q

What are other operating system utilities and what are they used for?

A
  • Shadow Copy: Creates backup copies of the system’s data and stores them locally or to an external location of the user’s choosing.
  • Defender: Scans for and removes malicious materials at scheduled intervals.
  • ReadyBoot: Enables the user to supplement the computer’s memory with an external storage device such as a flash drive.
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19
Q

What is the operating system utility: Shadow Copy?

A

Shadow Copy: Creates backup copies of the system’s data and stores them locally or to an external location of the user’s choosing.

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20
Q

What is the operating system utility: Defender?

A

• Defender: Scans for and removes malicious materials at scheduled intervals.

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21
Q

What is the operating system utility: ReadyBoot Enables the user to supplement the computer’s memory with an external storage device such as a flash drive.

A

• ReadyBoot: Enables the user to supplement the computer’s memory with an external storage device such as a flash drive.

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22
Q

Question: The Chrome web browser, which can be used on many different devices, is said to have what attribute?

A

cross platform application.
A software application that is available or can be used on many different devices, such as Windows, Mac OS, Linux, iOS devices, and Android is said to be a cross platform application.

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23
Q

What is a characteristic of an open source software license?

A

You have the ability to access the code and have the right to modify it. Open source licensing ensures that free and legal redistribution of the software is possible.

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24
Q

What is a characteristic of Freeware application

A

Freeware applications are those that may be downloaded from the Internet and used without restriction.

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25
Q

What is a characteristic of Shareware

A

Shareware is similar to freeware, but is usually provided on a trial basis. Users commonly have to purchase the full version after the trial period has passed.

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26
Q

What is a characteristic of Commercial software

A

Commercial software is intended to meet commercial needs, and not allow users to access the source code or modify it.

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27
Q

Which option is NOT among the basic functions of an operating system?

A

The following is not among the basic functions of an operating system: provide productivity applications such as word processing and spreadsheets.

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28
Q

What does an operating system allow you to do?

A

An operating system is designed to allow a user to interact with a computer without having to understand all of the underlying technologies that allow it to function. It provides an intuitive graphical interface that allows users to modify the file structure of the computer. It facilitates communication between input devices, output devices, and other hardware components.

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29
Q

What does an operating system NOT allow you to do?

A

An operating system does not, however, provide productivity applications for the user. These must be acquired and installed separately. The applications are often written for specific operation systems. For instance, Microsoft Office® was coded with a Windows® operating system in mind, and might not on a Macintosh ® operating system.

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30
Q

How is operating software written?

A

Operating system software is written to work in the background to create the working environment for a computer. The operating system software sets the rules for how a system and application work together, how security is handled, and in what format the data is stored in disk drives.

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31
Q

Which piece of a computer’s hardware determines whether the computer is 32-bit or 64-bit?

A

The CPU determines the bit-level of a system, 32 or 64.

The maximum amount of memory that a computer can support depends on its bit-level, but memory does not determine bit-level.

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32
Q

What are PCIe slots and cards?

A

PCIe slots and the PCIe cards that plug into them are 64-bit, but PCIe slots are supporting architecture for 64-bit systems and alone do not determine bit-level of a computer.

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33
Q

What does PCI stand for? (extra)

A

(peripheral component Interconnect) Design architecture for the expansion bus on the computer motherboard, which enables system components to be added to the computer. Local bus standard, meaning that devices added to a computer through this port will use the processor at the motherboard’s full speed up to 33MHz) rather than the slower 8 MHz speed of the regular bus. Moves data 32 or 64 bits at a time rather than the 8 or 16 bits the older ISA busses supported.

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34
Q

What is a Disc Controller?

A

The disk controller is the controller circuit which enables the CPU to communicate with a hard disk, floppy disk or other kind of disk drive. Also it provides an interface between the disk drive and the bus connecting it to the rest of the system.

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35
Q

Does a disc controller determine whether the computer is 32bit or 64 bit?

A

For Disk Controllers, there is no bit-level, although often manufacturers make 64-bit disk controller drivers available for 64-bit operating systems, the driver bit-level doesn’t determine bit-level for the whole system

36
Q

Identify one of the basic functions of an operating system

A

The most basic of functions of an operating system is to provide an interface between user and machine.

37
Q

Question:
Which version of Windows 7 would be most appropriate for organizations that need large volumes of Windows licenses for employee use?

A

Windows 7 Enterprise is available for enterprise organizations that need large volumes of Windows licenses for employee use. It includes support for multiple languages through the Multilingual User
Interface (MUI), BitLocker, and compatibility with UNIX applications.

38
Q

What is Windows 7 Starter?

A

Windows 7 Starter is a simple, basic edition with few features and customization options, and is intended for users with minimal computing needs. It is available in a 32-bit version only.

39
Q

What is Windows 7 Home Premium?

A

Windows 7 Home Premium is a low-cost edition for beginners and home users, and offers basic OS functions such as Windows Explorer. It is available in either a 32-bit or 64-bit version.

40
Q

What is Windows 7 Professional?

A

Windows 7 Professional enables users to run programs in Windows XP mode, connect to domains, and back up data to a network location.

41
Q

What happens to files and programs when upgrading from Windows XP to Windows 7?

A

When upgrading from Windows XP to Windows 7, the user’s files and programs are not preserved, and must be migrated to an external drive beforehand.
Upgrading from Windows XP to Windows 7 is sometimes referred to as a “clean” installation, because files and programs are not preserved.

42
Q

Who is Microsoft Windows Advisor useful for?

A

The Microsoft Windows 7 Upgrade Advisor is useful for those who want to upgrade an older operating system to Windows 7.

43
Q

What is The Microsoft Assessment and Planning (MAP) Toolkit useful for?

A

The Microsoft Assessment and Planning (MAP) Toolkit is can be used to assess an organization-wide or network-wide migration to a Windows operating system such as Windows 7.

44
Q

Which option is a limitation of a 32-bit processor?

A

A 32-bit processor cannot support more than 4 GB of memory. This is something to keep in mind if you are building a system that must support applications for graphic design or media editing.

However, x86 (32-bit) systems do support older versions of Windows, and do support both USB 2.0 and USB 3.0 devices. They are also capable of storing data on large external hard drives, such as those that exceed 1 TB in size.

45
Q

If a computer is referred to as an x86 system, what can you tell about it?

A

If something is referred to as x86, it means that it will supports 32-bit software, and it will not support 64-bit software. There is no guarantee that it will support 64-bit applications.

46
Q

How is it better to install a 64 bit software?

A

It is better to install 64-bit software on a 64-bit operating system. If you see the term “x86-64” (also expressed as just “x64”), then you can be assured that the system supports both 32-bit and 64-bit software.

47
Q

What service does the Windows BitLocker feature provide?

A

The Windows BitLocker feature provides full disk-encryption protection for the operating system. BitLocker ensures the protection of early startup components and locks volumes in order to prevent access or tampering when the operating system is not running.

48
Q

What protection does BITLocker ensure?

A

BitLocker ensures the protection of early startup components and locks volumes in order to prevent access or tampering when the operating system is not running.

49
Q

How can older versions of Microsoft Office be run on newer versions of Windows?

A

Older versions of Microsoft Office can be run on newer versions of Windows with the Microsoft Office Compatibility Pack.

50
Q

If a computer is running a stateless operating system, where would the user’s documents be stored?

A

In a stateless operating system, files are all stored on the Internet. This means that if the computer should fail, the loss to data will be minimal or nonexistent.

51
Q

What is an example of a device that runs a stateless operating system?

A

A chromebook is an example of a device that runs a stateless operating system. It does not rely on physical devices such as a local hard disk, external hard drive, or a networked drive to store data.

52
Q

Which Windows utility is responsible for applying patches, service packs and new drivers from Microsoft?

A

Windows update is the Microsoft service that runs on every Windows computer that tracks available updates, patches, service packs, and drivers for your Windows operating systems.

53
Q

What is Windows Management Instruction?

A

Windows Management Instrumentation (WMI) is the infrastructure for management data and operations on Windows-based operating systems.

54
Q

What is Windows on Windows?

A

Windows on Windows is a compatibility layer of 32-bit versions of the Microsoft Windows NT family of operating systems that extends the NTVDM to provide limited support for running legacy Win16 applications.

55
Q

What is instant messaging an example of?

A

collaborative software,
Instant messaging is an example of collaborative software, since it is used to improve the ability to communicate with others.

56
Q

What are Microsoft Word and Apple iWork Pages examples of?

A

Microsoft Word and Apple iWork Pages are examples of word processing software.

57
Q

What are Microsoft Excel and Apple iWork Numbers are examples of?

A

Microsoft Excel and Apple iWork Numbers are examples of spreadsheet software.

58
Q

What are Microsoft PowerPoint and Apple iWork Keynote examples of?

A

Microsoft PowerPoint and Apple iWork Keynote are examples of presentation software.

59
Q

What is Collaboration Software Designed to facilitate?

A

Types of Collaboration Software
Collaboration software is designed to facilitate sharing data and resources between users in a variety
of locations and using a variety of computing devices. Common types of collaboration software
include:

60
Q

• Online workspace enables users to?

A

• Online workspace enables users to work with common files in a shared space on the web. Examples include Microsoft SharePoint

61
Q

What does Document storage/sharing provide?

A

• Document storage/sharing provides a repository to store and share files between users in various locations. Examples include OneDrive and Dropbox.

62
Q

• What does Screen sharing software enables users to do?

A

• Screen sharing software enables users to see each other’s desktops from remote locations. Examples include Windows Remote Assistance and TeamViewer.

63
Q

• What does Video conferencing software enables users to do?

A

• Video conferencing software enables users to communicate with audio and video functionality from diverse locations. Examples include Skype and Google Hangouts.

64
Q

What does instant messaging software enable users to do?

A

• Instant messaging software enables users to exchange short notes, or chat, online in real time.

65
Q

What are examples of instant messaging software?

A

Examples include Microsoft Lync and AOL Instant Messenger (AIM).

66
Q

What does email software allows users to do?

A

• Email software also allows users to share contact and calendar information.

67
Q

Which file type should you use if your goal is ensure maximum accessibility of a document?

A

The Portable Document Format (PDF) file format is a good choice for ensuring that almost any user will be able to view a document. It can be read by any computer with a free reader application, such as Adobe Reader.

68
Q

What software do you need to open a PDF?

A

a free reader application, such as Adobe Reader.

69
Q

What does the .docx format restrict accessibility to ?

A

The .docx format restricts accessibility to only those with versions of Microsoft Word 2007 or later.

70
Q

What does the .xlsx format restricts accessibility to ?

A

The .xlsx format restricts accessibility to only those with versions of Microsoft Word Excel or later.

71
Q

What does the .pages format restricts accessibility to?

A

The .pages format restricts accessibility to only those with versions of Apple iWork Pages.

72
Q

What is the .txt file extension?

A

.txt
A plain text file that contains no formatting other than spaces and line breaks. You can open files that have a .txt extension in any text editing program, such as Notepad, or word processing programs, such as Microsoft Word.

73
Q

What is the .WMV file extension?

A

.Wmv

The Microsoft Windows Media video file format.

74
Q

What is the .7zip/.7z file extension?

A

The open archive file format that uses compression.

75
Q

What is the .gzip/.gz file extension?

A

.gzip/.gz

The free file compression file format developed for the GNU Project.

76
Q

What file extension indicates that the file is an executable that will launch an application and any associated files on a Mac?

A

The .app file extension on a Mac will execute an application and any files it requires. It is sometimes considered the Mac equivalent of an .exe file on a Windows machine.

77
Q

What is an .exe file?

A

An .exe file is a file that executes code.

78
Q

What is a .bat file?

A

A .bat file is a batch file that runs a series of commands together.

79
Q

What is an .msi file?

A

An .msi file is a Microsoft Installer file, which will initiate an installation.

80
Q

In the Device Manager window, you notice a yellow exclamation mark next to a specific device listed. What is the most likely problem?

A

When a yellow alert is displayed next to a device in the Device Manager window, it indicates a problem with that particular device. In most cases, there is a problem with the driver. Installing the most current driver for the device is a recommended first step.

81
Q

Would a damaged or removed component be likely to appear in the Device Manager?

A

A damaged or removed component would be unlikely to appear in the Device Manager at all. A component that has been physically removed from the computer would not be displayed either.

82
Q

In the Device Manager window, you notice a yellow exclamation mark next to a specific device listed. Is this problem related to the amount of hard disc space?

A

This problem is unrelated to the amount of hard disk space available.

83
Q

In what type of situation would Windows Disk Defragmenter be helpful?

A

Windows Disk Defragmenter is helpful when performance is being affected by used and free storage areas on a hard disk being greatly scattered.

Over time, a disk can become fragmented. Files that are saved on a disk are stored in multiple separate blocks, which causes the used and available storage areas to become scattered on the disk. A high degree of file fragmentation can impact the performance of the disk. Disk Defragmenter fixes this problem by re-arranging the stored files to be contiguous rather than dispersed.

84
Q

What is disc defragmenter Not helpful for?

A

Disk Defragmenter is not helpful for issues involving malware, driver incompatibility, or a damaged boot sector.

85
Q

If you discover an .iso file on a user’s machine, what information would you expect it to contain?

A

An .iso is an image file of a CD or a DVD. It can be used to store media in digital format instead of a physical format. You can use the .iso file to re-create as many copies of the CD or DVD as you need.

comptia fundamentals (1 decks)

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