CompTIA A+ Core 1 Flashcards
True or False: every time you charge a Li-ion or LiPo battery, you diminish its capacity
True
True or False: All programs that are executing in your operating system are executing in memory
True
What type of device storage medium is most popular nowadays?
SSD (solid state drive)
Are SSDs that are SATA connected or unconnected smaller and have better storage capabilities?
Unconnected M.2 SSDs
Do HDD or SSD typically perform better?
SSD
What is the best way to migrate from HDD to SDD?
Create an image (clone) of the HDD and upload that to the new SSD.
What does LAN stand for?
Local Area Network
What does PAN stand for?
Personal Area Network
What is the other name for WPAN?
Bluetooth
What is the other name for WWAN?
Cellular
What is the other name for WLAN?
Wifi
What does NFC stand for?
Near field communication
What is NFC?
a data transfer method or authentication method that does not require contact (usually within 4 cms)
What does LCD stand for?
Liquid Crystal Display
What are the advantages of an LCD display?
Lightweight, relatively low power, relatively inexpensive,
What does USB stand for?
Universal serial bus
What is the new standard connector?
USB-C
What signal does the DB9 serial interface use?
RS-232
What are touchscreen pens also know as?
Capacitive stylus/ touchscreen stylus
What is an active stylus?
A digital stylus is a more advanced writing tool (an apple pen is an example)
What is a drawing pad?
An external digitizer that allows you to use a pen without interacting with the screen
What does the trackpad replace?
The mouse
What is an audio jacks technical name?
A TRRS (tip ring ring sleeve) connector
True or false: a docking station can increase the hardware capabilities of your laptop
True
What is was the original cell standard?
Global system for mobile communication
Can two people communicate at the same time when using the GSMC?
No
What does LTE stand for?
Long term evolution
What converged the GSM and CSMA standard?
4G LTE
What is LTE-A?
LTE-advanced
What speed is data transferred at for 5G?
Up to 10 gigabits/sec
What is a PRL update?
A preferred roaming list allows your phone to connect to the right tower
How many times do you have to pair a Bluetooth device?
1 time
Who created GPS?
The US department of defense
What does GPS stand for?
Global Positioning System
What can an organization/individual use to gain access over mobile devices?
MDM: mobile device manager
In the road and vehicle networking analogy, what is the road?
the network topology (ethernet, DSL, cable system, etc)
In the road and vehicle analogy, what is the vehicle?
the IP
In the road and vehicle analogy, what are the boxes inside the vehicle?
boxes of TCP and UDP
In the road and vehicle analogy, what is the stuff inside the boxes inside the vehicle?
Your applicable information
What is OSI Layer 4?
The transport layer
What does IP stand for?
Internet Protocol
What does TCP stand for?
Transmission Control Protocol
True or False: TCP is a formal connection setup
True
True or False: TCP can not manage out of order messages or retransmissions
False
What is flow control?
when the receiver of data can tell the sender to change the speed at which it is sending data
Does TCP have flow control?
Yes
True or False: UDP is connectionless
True
Is UDP or TCP unreliable? (no error recovery or reordering of data)
UDP
What does it mean for a payload to be unreliable?
It does not communicate with the receiver when sending data
Is TCP or UDP used for real time data transfers? (like phone calls)
UDP
What does UDP stand for?
User Datagram Protocol
What are the two examples of connectionless protocols of UDP?
DHCP and TFTP
What are two examples of connection-oriented protocols that use TCP?
HTTPS and SSH
What port numbers are non-ephemeral?
0-1023
What port numbers are ephemeral?
1024-65535
Are port numbers a security mechanism?
No, just a communication tool
What is FTP?
File transfer protocol transfers files between systems
What port numbers does FTP use?
tcp/20 for active mode data and tcp/21 for control
What is the port number for SSH?
tcp/22
What does Telnet stand for?
Telecommunications Network
What port does Telnet use?
tcp/23
What are two popular options to login to devices remotely?
SSH and Telnet
Does Telnet or SSH send data that is encrypted?
SSH
What is SMTP?
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is how server to server email communication happens and how a device sends mail
What port does SMTP use?
tcp/25
What is DNS?
Converts human readable web addresses to IP addresses
What port does DNS use?
udp/53
What is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol automates configuration of IP addresses, subnet mask and other options
What port does DHCP use?
udp/67 and udp/68
What does HTTP stand for?
HyperText Transfer Protocol
What port does HTTP use?
tcp/80
What port does HTTPS use?
tcp/443
What is POP3?
Post Office Protocol version 3 is a way to receive emails from an email server
What port does POP3 use?
tcp/110
What is IMAP4?
Internet Message Access Protocol v4 is a way to receive emails from an email server
What port does IMAP4 use?
tcp/143
What is SMB?
Server Message Block is the protocol used by Microsoft to share files and send print jobs
What is SMB AKA?
Common Internet File System (CIFS)
What port does modern SMB use?
tcp/445
What is SNMP?
Simple Network Management Protocol is a way to manage your network and monitor devices on that network?
What port does SNMP use for queries?
udp/161
What port does SNMP use for traps?
udp/162
What version of SNMP is encrypted?
version 3
What is LDAP?
The lightweight directory access protocol
What port is LDAP on?
tcp/389
What is RDP?
Remote Desktop Protocol is a way for an individual to access a machine virtually
What port does RDP use?
tcp/3389
What does a router do?
Routes traffic between IP subnets and/or connects networks together
What are switches that have routers inside them sometimes called?
Layer 3 switches
Can a router connect different networks together?
Yes
What is ASIC?
Application specific integrated circuit
What makes a switch unmanaged?
fixed configuration, little integration
What makes a switch managed?
VLAN configuration, traffic prioritization, Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), Port Mirroring
What is an access point?
a bridge that extends the wired network into a wireless network
What are patch panels?
combination of punch down blocks and RJ-45 connectors
What is a firewall?
filters traffic by port number or application, can encrypt traffic into/out of network, can proxy traffic,
What OSI layer is the firewall that filters by port number?
layer 4
What OSI layer is the firewall that filters by application?
layer 7
Can most firewalls be layer 3 devices (router)?
Yes
What is PoE?
Power over Ethernet is when power for a device is carried over the ethernet
What is a hub?
A multi-port repeater (traffic going into one port is repeated to every other port)
Are hubs efficient?
No, the repeating to every port is a lot of unnecessary work
What is broadband?
Different traffic types and frequencies over one cable modem
What is a network interface card?
a NIC is the fundamental network device.
What must every device that is on a network have?
NIC
What is SDN?
Software defined networking
What are the three layers of an SDN?
Application Layer, Control Layer, Infrastructure Layers
What are the three plans of an SDN?
Management Plane, Control Plane, Data Plane
What is RFID?
Radio frequency identification is a way to identify things. RF is sent to the tag which powers it on and it sends back an ID
True or False: NFC is a form of RFID
True
What are the two frequencies wireless networks use?
2.4 GHz and 5GHz
Does 2.4GHz or 5GHz deliver data faster?
5GHz
Does 2.4GHz or 5GHz have longer range?
5GHz
What is DNS?
Domain Name System converts names to IP addresses and vice versa
What is syslog?
System logs service that centralizes all log files from various applications
What is SIEM?
System Integrated Event Manager
Does the category of spam include malicious emails?
yes
What is UTM?
Unified Threat Management is an attempt for an all in one security appliance
Do all in one security appliances exist?
Yes, next gen firewalls, web gateways, and UTMs are examples of this
What does a load balancer do?
Distributes the load between servers
What is a proxy server?
An intermediate server that receives a request from a client and then the proxy pushes the request to the actual server. This provides a layer of security
What is IoT?
Internet of Things is term used to refer to devices that can connect to the internet
What is the maximum value a byte can represent?
255
How many bits are in IPv4?
32
How many bits are in IPv6?
128
Does every device need a unique IP address in a network?
Yes
What is the default gateway?
The router that allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet
True or False: The default gateway must be an IP address on the local network
True
What is the 4 step process DHCP goes through for IP addresses?
Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge
If you don’t want you IP address to change, what do you have to do?
Disable DHCP on the device
Is DNS hierarchial?
Yes
What are three examples of top-level domains?
.com, .net, .org
Are A or AAAA records for IPv6?
AAAA records
How is email spoofing prevented?
the receiver checks that the incoming mail really did come from an authorized host
What is a VLAN?
A virtual local area network is where a network is logically separated but share the same hardware
What is a VPN?
A virtual private network is a way to encrypt data traversing a public network
What is a MAN?
Metropolitan Area Network
What is a SAN?
Storage Area Network