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Cybersecurity > CompTIA A+ Core 1 > Flashcards

CompTIA A+ Core 1 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: every time you charge a Li-ion or LiPo battery, you diminish its capacity

A

True

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2
Q

True or False: All programs that are executing in your operating system are executing in memory

A

True

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3
Q

What type of device storage medium is most popular nowadays?

A

SSD (solid state drive)

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4
Q

Are SSDs that are SATA connected or unconnected smaller and have better storage capabilities?

A

Unconnected M.2 SSDs

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5
Q

Do HDD or SSD typically perform better?

A

SSD

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6
Q

What is the best way to migrate from HDD to SDD?

A

Create an image (clone) of the HDD and upload that to the new SSD.

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7
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

Local Area Network

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8
Q

What does PAN stand for?

A

Personal Area Network

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9
Q

What is the other name for WPAN?

A

Bluetooth

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10
Q

What is the other name for WWAN?

A

Cellular

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11
Q

What is the other name for WLAN?

A

Wifi

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12
Q

What does NFC stand for?

A

Near field communication

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13
Q

What is NFC?

A

a data transfer method or authentication method that does not require contact (usually within 4 cms)

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14
Q

What does LCD stand for?

A

Liquid Crystal Display

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15
Q

What are the advantages of an LCD display?

A

Lightweight, relatively low power, relatively inexpensive,

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16
Q

What does USB stand for?

A

Universal serial bus

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17
Q

What is the new standard connector?

A

USB-C

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18
Q

What signal does the DB9 serial interface use?

A

RS-232

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19
Q

What are touchscreen pens also know as?

A

Capacitive stylus/ touchscreen stylus

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20
Q

What is an active stylus?

A

A digital stylus is a more advanced writing tool (an apple pen is an example)

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21
Q

What is a drawing pad?

A

An external digitizer that allows you to use a pen without interacting with the screen

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22
Q

What does the trackpad replace?

A

The mouse

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23
Q

What is an audio jacks technical name?

A

A TRRS (tip ring ring sleeve) connector

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24
Q

True or false: a docking station can increase the hardware capabilities of your laptop

A

True

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25
Q

What is was the original cell standard?

A

Global system for mobile communication

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26
Q

Can two people communicate at the same time when using the GSMC?

A

No

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27
Q

What does LTE stand for?

A

Long term evolution

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28
Q

What converged the GSM and CSMA standard?

A

4G LTE

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29
Q

What is LTE-A?

A

LTE-advanced

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30
Q

What speed is data transferred at for 5G?

A

Up to 10 gigabits/sec

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31
Q

What is a PRL update?

A

A preferred roaming list allows your phone to connect to the right tower

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32
Q

How many times do you have to pair a Bluetooth device?

A

1 time

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33
Q

Who created GPS?

A

The US department of defense

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34
Q

What does GPS stand for?

A

Global Positioning System

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35
Q

What can an organization/individual use to gain access over mobile devices?

A

MDM: mobile device manager

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36
Q

In the road and vehicle networking analogy, what is the road?

A

the network topology (ethernet, DSL, cable system, etc)

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37
Q

In the road and vehicle analogy, what is the vehicle?

A

the IP

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38
Q

In the road and vehicle analogy, what are the boxes inside the vehicle?

A

boxes of TCP and UDP

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39
Q

In the road and vehicle analogy, what is the stuff inside the boxes inside the vehicle?

A

Your applicable information

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40
Q

What is OSI Layer 4?

A

The transport layer

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41
Q

What does IP stand for?

A

Internet Protocol

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42
Q

What does TCP stand for?

A

Transmission Control Protocol

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43
Q

True or False: TCP is a formal connection setup

A

True

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44
Q

True or False: TCP can not manage out of order messages or retransmissions

A

False

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45
Q

What is flow control?

A

when the receiver of data can tell the sender to change the speed at which it is sending data

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46
Q

Does TCP have flow control?

A

Yes

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47
Q

True or False: UDP is connectionless

A

True

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48
Q

Is UDP or TCP unreliable? (no error recovery or reordering of data)

A

UDP

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49
Q

What does it mean for a payload to be unreliable?

A

It does not communicate with the receiver when sending data

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50
Q

Is TCP or UDP used for real time data transfers? (like phone calls)

A

UDP

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51
Q

What does UDP stand for?

A

User Datagram Protocol

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52
Q

What are the two examples of connectionless protocols of UDP?

A

DHCP and TFTP

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53
Q

What are two examples of connection-oriented protocols that use TCP?

A

HTTPS and SSH

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54
Q

What port numbers are non-ephemeral?

A

0-1023

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55
Q

What port numbers are ephemeral?

A

1024-65535

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56
Q

Are port numbers a security mechanism?

A

No, just a communication tool

57
Q

What is FTP?

A

File transfer protocol transfers files between systems

58
Q

What port numbers does FTP use?

A

tcp/20 for active mode data and tcp/21 for control

59
Q

What is the port number for SSH?

A

tcp/22

60
Q

What does Telnet stand for?

A

Telecommunications Network

61
Q

What port does Telnet use?

A

tcp/23

62
Q

What are two popular options to login to devices remotely?

A

SSH and Telnet

63
Q

Does Telnet or SSH send data that is encrypted?

A

SSH

64
Q

What is SMTP?

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is how server to server email communication happens and how a device sends mail

65
Q

What port does SMTP use?

A

tcp/25

66
Q

What is DNS?

A

Converts human readable web addresses to IP addresses

67
Q

What port does DNS use?

A

udp/53

68
Q

What is DHCP?

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol automates configuration of IP addresses, subnet mask and other options

69
Q

What port does DHCP use?

A

udp/67 and udp/68

70
Q

What does HTTP stand for?

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol

71
Q

What port does HTTP use?

A

tcp/80

72
Q

What port does HTTPS use?

A

tcp/443

73
Q

What is POP3?

A

Post Office Protocol version 3 is a way to receive emails from an email server

74
Q

What port does POP3 use?

A

tcp/110

75
Q

What is IMAP4?

A

Internet Message Access Protocol v4 is a way to receive emails from an email server

76
Q

What port does IMAP4 use?

A

tcp/143

77
Q

What is SMB?

A

Server Message Block is the protocol used by Microsoft to share files and send print jobs

78
Q

What is SMB AKA?

A

Common Internet File System (CIFS)

79
Q

What port does modern SMB use?

A

tcp/445

80
Q

What is SNMP?

A

Simple Network Management Protocol is a way to manage your network and monitor devices on that network?

81
Q

What port does SNMP use for queries?

A

udp/161

82
Q

What port does SNMP use for traps?

A

udp/162

83
Q

What version of SNMP is encrypted?

A

version 3

84
Q

What is LDAP?

A

The lightweight directory access protocol

85
Q

What port is LDAP on?

A

tcp/389

86
Q

What is RDP?

A

Remote Desktop Protocol is a way for an individual to access a machine virtually

87
Q

What port does RDP use?

A

tcp/3389

88
Q

What does a router do?

A

Routes traffic between IP subnets and/or connects networks together

89
Q

What are switches that have routers inside them sometimes called?

A

Layer 3 switches

90
Q

Can a router connect different networks together?

A

Yes

91
Q

What is ASIC?

A

Application specific integrated circuit

92
Q

What makes a switch unmanaged?

A

fixed configuration, little integration

93
Q

What makes a switch managed?

A

VLAN configuration, traffic prioritization, Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), Port Mirroring

94
Q

What is an access point?

A

a bridge that extends the wired network into a wireless network

95
Q

What are patch panels?

A

combination of punch down blocks and RJ-45 connectors

96
Q

What is a firewall?

A

filters traffic by port number or application, can encrypt traffic into/out of network, can proxy traffic,

97
Q

What OSI layer is the firewall that filters by port number?

A

layer 4

98
Q

What OSI layer is the firewall that filters by application?

A

layer 7

99
Q

Can most firewalls be layer 3 devices (router)?

A

Yes

100
Q

What is PoE?

A

Power over Ethernet is when power for a device is carried over the ethernet

101
Q

What is a hub?

A

A multi-port repeater (traffic going into one port is repeated to every other port)

102
Q

Are hubs efficient?

A

No, the repeating to every port is a lot of unnecessary work

103
Q

What is broadband?

A

Different traffic types and frequencies over one cable modem

104
Q

What is a network interface card?

A

a NIC is the fundamental network device.

105
Q

What must every device that is on a network have?

A

NIC

106
Q

What is SDN?

A

Software defined networking

107
Q

What are the three layers of an SDN?

A

Application Layer, Control Layer, Infrastructure Layers

108
Q

What are the three plans of an SDN?

A

Management Plane, Control Plane, Data Plane

109
Q

What is RFID?

A

Radio frequency identification is a way to identify things. RF is sent to the tag which powers it on and it sends back an ID

110
Q

True or False: NFC is a form of RFID

A

True

111
Q

What are the two frequencies wireless networks use?

A

2.4 GHz and 5GHz

112
Q

Does 2.4GHz or 5GHz deliver data faster?

A

5GHz

113
Q

Does 2.4GHz or 5GHz have longer range?

A

5GHz

114
Q

What is DNS?

A

Domain Name System converts names to IP addresses and vice versa

115
Q

What is syslog?

A

System logs service that centralizes all log files from various applications

116
Q

What is SIEM?

A

System Integrated Event Manager

117
Q

Does the category of spam include malicious emails?

A

yes

118
Q

What is UTM?

A

Unified Threat Management is an attempt for an all in one security appliance

119
Q

Do all in one security appliances exist?

A

Yes, next gen firewalls, web gateways, and UTMs are examples of this

120
Q

What does a load balancer do?

A

Distributes the load between servers

121
Q

What is a proxy server?

A

An intermediate server that receives a request from a client and then the proxy pushes the request to the actual server. This provides a layer of security

122
Q

What is IoT?

A

Internet of Things is term used to refer to devices that can connect to the internet

123
Q

What is the maximum value a byte can represent?

A

255

124
Q

How many bits are in IPv4?

A

32

125
Q

How many bits are in IPv6?

A

128

126
Q

Does every device need a unique IP address in a network?

A

Yes

127
Q

What is the default gateway?

A

The router that allows you to communicate outside of your local subnet

128
Q

True or False: The default gateway must be an IP address on the local network

A

True

129
Q

What is the 4 step process DHCP goes through for IP addresses?

A

Discover, Offer, Request, Acknowledge

130
Q

If you don’t want you IP address to change, what do you have to do?

A

Disable DHCP on the device

131
Q

Is DNS hierarchial?

A

Yes

132
Q

What are three examples of top-level domains?

A

.com, .net, .org

133
Q

Are A or AAAA records for IPv6?

A

AAAA records

134
Q

How is email spoofing prevented?

A

the receiver checks that the incoming mail really did come from an authorized host

135
Q

What is a VLAN?

A

A virtual local area network is where a network is logically separated but share the same hardware

136
Q

What is a VPN?

A

A virtual private network is a way to encrypt data traversing a public network

137
Q

What is a MAN?

A

Metropolitan Area Network

138
Q

What is a SAN?

A

Storage Area Network

139
Q
A

Cybersecurity (5 decks)

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